Soil preservation and ventifact recycling from dry-based glaciers in Antarctica

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Bockheim
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Cosmogenic Dating ◽  
Antarctic Soils ◽  
The Past ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Thermal Regimes ◽  
The University

AbstractSoil preservation from three glacial thermal regimes was examined in the Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) using the University of Wisconsin Antarctic Soils Database (http://nsidc.org/data/ggd221). Glacial thermal regimes included temperate (wet-based) glaciers from overriding of the TAM prior to c. 15Ma bp and subsequent polar (dry-based) glaciers. The glacial thermal regimes were distinguished from landform, sediment and erosional features. Buried soils were most common from deposition by dry-based glaciers (44 of 51 pedons). Several of these buried soils had a desert pavement intact with in situ ventifacts. Fifteen percent of the pedons contained recycled ventifacts in relict and buried soils that ranged from late Quaternary to Miocene in age, particularly in drift from dry-based glaciers (56 of 77 pedons). Overall 84% of the buried soils and 78% of the pedons with recycled ventifacts originated from dry-based glaciers. The proportion of soils with recycled clasts on a particular drift was greatest where the ratio of drift thickness to soil thickness (“recycling ratio”) was the least. These data illustrate the effectiveness of Antarctic dry-based glaciers in preserving underlying landforms and deposits, including soils. Moreover, the data imply that Antarctic glaciers have been recycling clasts for the past c. 15Ma. These findings have important implications in selecting surface boulders for cosmogenic dating.

scholarly journals Preliminary Results for the Extraction and Measurement of Cosmogenic in Situ 14C from Quartz

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Naysmith ◽  
G T Cook ◽  
W M Phillips ◽  
N A Lifton ◽  
R Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Vacuum System ◽  
Quartz Sample ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cosmogenic Nuclide ◽  
Lithium Metaborate ◽  
University Of Arizona ◽  
Efficient Extraction ◽  
The University

Radiocarbon is produced within minerals at the earth's surface (in situ production) by a number of spallation reactions. Its relatively short half-life of 5730 yr provides us with a unique cosmogenic nuclide tool for the measurement of rapid erosion rates (>10−3 cm yr−1) and events occurring over the past 25 kyr. At SUERC, we have designed and built a vacuum system to extract 14C from quartz which is based on a system developed at the University of Arizona. This system uses resistance heating of samples to a temperature of approximately 1100° in the presence of lithium metaborate (LiBO2) to dissolve the quartz and liberate any carbon present. During extraction, the carbon is oxidized to CO2 in an O2 atmosphere so that it may be collected cryogenically. The CO2 is subsequently purified and converted to graphite for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) measurement. One of the biggest problems in measuring in situ 14C is establishing a low and reproducible system blank and efficient extraction of the in situ 14C component. Here, we present initial data for 14C-free CO2, derived from geological carbonate and added to the vacuum system to determine the system blank. Shielded quartz samples (which should be 14C free) and a surface quartz sample routinely analyzed at the University of Arizona were also analyzed at SUERC, and the data compared with values derived from the University of Arizona system.

Students' Construction of Formulas in Context

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-236
Author(s):  
Martin Van Reeuwijk ◽  
Monica Wijers
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Curriculum ◽  
Realistic Mathematics Education ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
The Past ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Realistic Mathematics ◽  
Statistics And Probability ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
The University

The Mathematics in Contrat (MiC) project is an NSF-funded project carried out by the University of Wisconsin—Madison and the Freudenthal institute of Utrecht University in the Netherlands. The purpose of the MiC project is to create a comprehensive mathematics curriculum for grades 5 through 8 that reflects the content and pedagogy suggested by the NCTM's Curriculum amd Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (1989). The materials being developed are based on the beliefs that mathematics should make sense to students and that mathematics is used to make sense of the world around us. The philosophy is based on the theory of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME), as developed at the Freudenthal Institute in the past decades, and on the belief that mathematics is fallible, changing, and, like any other body of knowledge, the product of human inventiveness. In the MiC project, the content is organized into four combined strands—number, algebra, geometry, and statistics and probability. Over forty instructionl units spread out over the four strands have been developed.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. vii-viii
Keyword(s):  
British Library ◽  
Marie Curie ◽  
National Library ◽  
Interlibrary Loan ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
The University ◽  
Huntington Library ◽  
At Home

Many institutions, colleagues, and friends have helped bring this volume together. The seeds began at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2009; they grew significantly during a stay at Durham University from 2012 to 2014; they bear fruit finally at the University of Nottingham now in 2015. I am grateful to all three universities for the opportunity to work on this project, grateful to the library staffs and interlibrary loan departments who consistently accepted and processed hundreds of my requests. I have been lucky to fall on my feet here in Nottingham, where new friends and colleagues have managed to make me feel at home in a matter of months, this despite consistently pointing out my unconscious Americanisms. The archives in which these documents are found deserve thanks not only for permission to publish but also for the courteous service I received while in situ. The British Library is justifiably a magnet for many early modernists, but Lambeth Palace Library has a wonderful charm all its own, the Huntington offers an idyllic setting in an otherwise busy environment, and the National Library of Scotland felt a home away from home for a time. For fellowship support during the research and writing, I am grateful to the University of Wisconsin-Madison's Department of History, the European Union's COFUND/Marie Curie Actions, and the Huntington Library.

scholarly journals LOOKING FORWARD BY STUDYING THE PAST IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN ARCHAEOLOGY: THE NEXT 50 YEARS

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Stark
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
The University ◽  
Conference Papers

<p>A discussion on the collection of articles resulting from the 2013 conference at the University of Wisconsin-Madison entitled, “Recent Advances in the Archaeology of East and Southeast Asia.” These papers are contextualized by considering the fifty years before the published JIPA papers appeared in 2015. I then review major themes in the conference papers, and discuss future directions. </p>

Educational Research in Mathematics at the University of Wisconsin Research and Development Center for Cognitive Learning

1973 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
John G. Harvey ◽  
Thomas A. Romberg
Keyword(s):  
Education Research ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
The Past ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Teaching Of Mathematics ◽  
The University ◽  
Development Center

This overview will relate the three papers that follow to the past, the current, and the projected research related to the learning and teaching of mathematics and conducted under the auspices of the University of Wisconsin Research and Development Center for Cognitive Learning. Regular readers of JRME are already aware that several Center studies have been reported here. (Fennema, 1972; King, 1973; Romberg & Gilbert, 1972; Romberg & Shepler, 1973; Shepler, 1970; Sowder, 1971; and Steffe, 1970). No doubt in the future other Center studies will be reported in JRME, since it is a natural dissemination point for communicating selected results to the mathematics education research community.

An evaluation of a leisure education intervention for adult male residents in a state minimum-security forensic unit: Leisure resources modules

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia S. Ardovino, PhD, CTRS, CPRP ◽  
Jennifer Fahey, MS, CTRS ◽  
Scott Sprecher, BS, CTRS ◽  
Karen Froh, BS, CTRS
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Recreation ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Leisure Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
Mental Health Institute

This study was the collaborative effort of the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse faculty (Ardovino) and therapeutic recreation practitioners (Fahey, Sprecher, and Froh). The intent of the project was to study the effectiveness of a specific leisure education intervention called “leisure resources modules” at the Mendota Mental Health Institute in Madison, Wisconsin. The leisure resources modules were designed and modified by Sprecher, Froh, and Fahey and were implemented by them as an intervention over the past 10 years in a minimum-security forensic unit. The modules studied were overview of leisure resources, use of the telephone book, use of the library, and use of the newspaper. The intervention was evaluated by examining scores from initial and postintervention screens from the past 6 years. These scores measured the competencies of adult males residing in the minimum security unit. Descriptive statistics were derived from the data, and a paired t test showed a significant difference at the 0.01 level, indicating that the leisure resources modules were an effective leisure education intervention for this population.

scholarly journals The Advanced Dvorak Technique: Continued Development of an Objective Scheme to Estimate Tropical Cyclone Intensity Using Geostationary Infrared Satellite Imagery

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Olander ◽  
Christopher S. Velden
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Intensity ◽  
Cyclone Intensity ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Satellite Sensors ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The University ◽  
Forecast Time

Abstract Tropical cyclones are becoming an increasing menace to society as populations grow in coastal regions. Forecasting the intensity of these often-temperamental weather systems can be a real challenge, especially if the true intensity at the forecast time is not well known. To address this issue, techniques to accurately estimate tropical cyclone intensity from satellites are a natural goal because in situ observations over the vast oceanic basins are scarce. The most widely utilized satellite-based method to estimate tropical cyclone intensity is the Dvorak technique, a partially subjective scheme that has been employed operationally at tropical forecast centers around the world for over 30 yr. With the recent advent of improved satellite sensors, the rapid advances in computing capacity, and accumulated experience with the behavioral characteristics of the Dvorak technique, the development of a fully automated, computer-based objective scheme to derive tropical cyclone intensity has become possible. In this paper the advanced Dvorak technique is introduced, which, as its name implies, is a derivative of the original Dvorak technique. The advanced Dvorak technique builds on the basic conceptual model and empirically derived rules of the original Dvorak technique, but advances the science and applicability in an automated environment that does not require human intervention. The algorithm is the culmination of a body of research that includes the objective Dvorak technique (ODT) and advanced objective Dvorak technique (AODT) developed at the University of Wisconsin—Madison’s Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies. The ODT could only be applied to storms that possessed a minimum intensity of hurricane/typhoon strength. In addition, the ODT still required a storm center location to be manually selected by an analyst prior to algorithm execution. These issues were the primary motivations for the continued advancement of the algorithm (AODT). While these two objective schemes had as their primary goal to simply achieve the basic functionality and performance of the Dvorak technique in a computer-driven environment, the advanced Dvorak technique exceeds the boundaries of the original Dvorak technique through modifications based on rigorous statistical and empirical analysis. It is shown that the accuracy of the advanced Dvorak technique is statistically competitive with the original Dvorak technique, and can provide objective tropical cyclone intensity guidance for systems in all global basins.

scholarly journals 10Be and 14C data provide insight on soil mass redistribution along gentle slopes and reveal ancient human impact

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Calitri ◽  
Michael Sommer ◽  
W. Marijn van der Meij ◽  
Dmitry Tikhomirov ◽  
Marcus Christl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Impact ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Mass Redistribution ◽  
Different Depths

Abstract Purpose Spatial and temporal patterns of past erosional events are a useful and needed information to explain observed soil patterns in different landscapes. Soil thickness reflects the overall expression of pedogenesis and erosion. Forested soils of Northern Germany exhibit varying soil thicknesses with thin soils on crest positions and buried soils at the footslope. The aim of this study is to reconstruct the complex soil mass redistribution and soil patterns of this forested area due to different periods of erosion and stability. Methods We explored the explanatory power of both 10Be (in situ and meteoric) on a hillslope and we 14C-dated buried horizons at different depths. Results The 10Be depth profiles did not show an exponential decrease with depth. They had a ‘bulge’ shape indicating clay translocation and interaction with oxyhydroxydes (meteoric 10Be), bioturbation and soil mass redistribution (in situ 10Be). The combined application of both 10Be and 14C dating revealed progressive and regressive phases of soil evolution. Although Melzower Forest is protected (same vegetation) since the past 250 years, both 10Be clearly indicated major soil mass redistribution along the investigated catena. Conclusion A strong erosion impulse must have occurred between 4.5 and 6.8 kyr BP indicating an earlier human impact on soil erosion than previously postulated (~ 3 kyr earlier). Our findings correlate in fact with the first settlements reported for this region (~ 6.8 kyr BP) and show their immediate effect on soils. The overall soil redistribution rates in this forest are surprisingly similar to those obtained from a nearby agricultural area.

Novae in the Magellanic Clouds

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
J.A. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Clouds ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spectroscopic Information ◽  
Objective Prism ◽  
The University ◽  
Small Cloud ◽  
Low Dispersion

During the past several years, a systematic search for novae in the Magellanic Clouds has been carried out at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The Curtis Schmidt telescope, on loan to CTIO from the University of Michigan is used to obtain plates every two weeks during the observing season. An objective prism is used on the telescope. This provides additional low-dispersion spectroscopic information when a nova is discovered. The plates cover an area of 5°x5°. One plate is sufficient to cover the Small Magellanic Cloud and four are taken of the Large Magellanic Cloud with an overlap so that the central bar is included on each plate. The methods used in the search have been described by Graham and Araya (1971). In the CTIO survey, 8 novae have been discovered in the Large Cloud but none in the Small Cloud. The survey was not carried out in 1974 or 1976. During 1974, one nova was discovered in the Small Cloud by MacConnell and Sanduleak (1974).

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