Quantitative Literacy and Reasoning of Freshman Students with Different Senior High School Academic Background Pursuing STEM-Related Programs

<p style="text-align: justify;">This paper investigates the quantitative literacy and reasoning (QLR) of freshmen students pursuing a Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)–related degree but do not necessarily have a Senior High School (SHS) STEM background. QLR is described as a multi-faceted skill focused on the application of Mathematics and Statistics rather than just a mere mastery of the content domains of these fields. This article compares the QLR performance between STEM and non-STEM SHS graduates. Further, this quantitative-correlational study involves 255 freshman students, of which 115 have non-STEM academic background from the SHS. Results reveal that students with a SHS STEM background had significantly higher QLR performance. Nevertheless, this difference does not cloud the fact that their overall QLR performance marks the lowest when compared to results of similar studies. This paper also shows whether achievement in SHS courses such as General Mathematics, and Statistics and Probability are significant predictors of QLR. Multivariate regression analysis discloses that achievement in the latter significantly relates to QLR. However, the low coefficient of determination (10.30%) suggests that achievement in these courses alone does not account to the students’ QLR. As supported by a deeper investigation of the students’ answers, it is concluded that QLR indeed involves complex processes and is more than just being proficient in Mathematics and Statistics.</p>

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Vol. 11, No. 1

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Vol. 11, No. 1

ENERGY EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS IN INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS OF SORTING COMPLEXES OF RAILWAY STATIONS

Purpose. Improving approaches and methods of calculation and design of energy-efficient sorting slides of railway stations, taking into account the mechanization of their braking positions based on the use of modern car moderators, including energy efficient structures. Methodology. The research was performed using the methods of the theory of bitter calculations in combination with the tools of mathematical statistics and probability theory. The assessment of the possible economic effect was carried out taking into account the technical and economic calculations on the criterion of the given savings of annual costs. Results. An estimate of the predicted value of the speed of the very good runner at the entrance to the brake positions when calculating their needs. An adaptive approach to the calculation of the required power of the 1st and 2nd brake positions on the descent part of the sorting slides is proposed. The condition of technological reliability and "survivability" of the system of control of speeds of movement of couplings at rolling down from a sorting hill is checked taking into account action of probabilistic factors. The economic effect of reducing the need for car decelerators for the braking positions of the slides, as well as energy efficiency of sorting complexes. Practical value. The obtained important scientific and practical results to substantiate the reduction of energy consumption and increase the energy efficiency of sorting stations can be used to develop new projects and to survey the parameters of existing sorting complexes, including non-mechanized slides.

Comparing school mathematics curriculum between Switzerland and Indonesia

Comparing a curriculum with the other more developed countries is essential for benchmarking the quality of education in the country. Switzerland deserves to be the object of comparison with the world's second-ranked Human Development Index. This article aims to compare the current curriculum in Indonesia, namely the 2013 curriculum, with the current curriculum in Switzerland, especially on school mathematics. The focus of the comparison lies in (1) school mathematics curriculum and (2) school mathematics content. This research is a qualitative research type of library research. We conducted a literature study, paid attention to the relevance of the literature, and analyzed it using data presentation, data reduction, and concluding. The results showed that with the education system in Switzerland, which emphasizes vocational education, the school mathematics curriculum places more emphasis on problem-solving. The contents are numbers, algebra, geometry, probability and statistics, changes and relationships, and problem-solving. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, the school mathematics curriculum is designed for every level of education with problem-based learning, project-based learning, and discovery learning models. School mathematics content includes numbers, algebra, geometry, relations and functions, statistics, and probability.

PENGGUNAAN PEN TABLET DENGAN APLIKASI GOOGLE MEET UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SMK

This Best Practice is implemented to improve mathematics learning outcomes of vocational through the use of a Pen Tablet with the Google Meet application. The subjects of this study were 155 students of SMKN 5 Kota Serang class XII OTKP and XII TKJ who were conducted in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year with the material: Three Dimensional Geometry, Statistics and Probability. This Best Practice describes the learning process using media in the form of a Pen Tablet with the Google Meet application. Quantitative data were obtained from daily test scores with written test techniques in the form of descriptions, while qualitative data were obtained from observations of student activity. After students were taught mathematics using Pen Tablet with the Google Meet application, learning outcomes increased by 24.6% from the average chapter 1 material of 62,00 which continued to increase in chapter 3 material to 77.25. The implementation of Best Practice shows that the use of the Pen Tablet with the Google Meet application can improve the mathematics learning outcomes of SMK students, especially students of class XII OTKP and XII TKJ SMKN 5 Kota Serang in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. ABSTRAKBest Practice ini dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika SMK melalui penggunaan Pen Tablet dengan aplikasi Google Meet. Subyek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa SMKN 5 Kota Serang kelas XII OTKP dan XII TKJ yang berjumlah 155 orang yang dilakukan pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2021/2022 dengan materi : Geometri Dimensi Tiga, Statistika dan Peluang. Best Practice ini menggambarkan tentang proses pembelajaran menggunakan media berupa Pen Tablet dengan aplikasi Google Meet. Data kuantitatif diperoleh dari nilai ulangan harian dengan teknik test tertulis bentuk uraian, sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh dari hasil observasi keaktifan siswa. Setelah siswa diajarkan matematika menggunakan Pen Tablet dengan aplikasi Google Meet hasil belajar meningkat sebesar 24,6 % dari rata-rata materi bab 1 62,00 meningkat terus pada materi bab 3 menjadi 77,25. Pelaksanaan Best Practice menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Pen Tablet dengan aplikasi Google Meet dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa SMK terutama siswa kelas XII OTKP dan XII TKJ SMKN 5 Kota Serang semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2021/2022.

Assessment of the possibility of operating low-pressure hydroelectric facilities in order to improve the conditions of navigation in their lower reaches

The paper provides an assessment of the projected low-pressure hydroelectric facility operation on the Volga River from the point of view of navigation conditions in its lower reach. The operating mode of the low-pressure hydroelectric facility completely depends on the hourly discharges of the Nizhny Novgorod HPP, located upstream. Significant unevenness in time of the supplied discharges from the Nizhny Novgorod HPP, which, repeating itself when discharging flows into the lower reach of the Nizhniy Novgorod low-pressure hydroelectric facility, can lead to negative consequences for shipping in terms of failure to provide transport passes and necessary depths. It is proposed to reduce the unevenness of discharges by introducing diurnal flow regulation into the low-pressure hydroelectric facility operation, aimed at changing the hydrological regime of the river section to improve the conditions and organize uninterrupted and safe navigation in the lower reach. Achievement of the regulation goal associated with minimization of interval deviations of the supplied flow rates from Nizhny Novgorod HPP from the daily average values and the fulfillment of the restrictions on the hydrological regime of the low-pressure hydroelectric facility ponds, is achieved by two control options (three-stage and two-stage). The study used the methods of mathematical statistics and probability theory, optimization of management decisions. The methodology of the mathematical model limitations’ nonfulfillment elimination for solving the problem and optimization of the low-pressure hydroelectric facility daily hydrograph is presented. Using a specific example, the problem of diurnal regulation of discharges is solved and the obtained effect is described.

Struggling Learners' Achievement Level Using Electronic Strategic Intervention Material In Mathematics (ESIMATH)

This study focused on the achievement levels of Grade 11 struggling learners using an electronic Strategic Intervention Material in Mathematics (eSIMath) in teaching least mastered competencies in the subject, Statistics and Probability for Senior High School. A Solomon four-group quasi-experimental research design was employed to two classes using eSIMath-based instruction, and two classes via conventional instruction, who were identified through a local diagnostic examination given by the teacher-researcher before the instruction for the second semester of the school year 2019-2020. The data gathered were analyzed using independent and dependent t-test, Dunnett's T3 test for post-hoc analysis of posttest scores, and assessment of mean gained scores. Findings of the study showed that the use of eSIMath-based instruction is an effective approach in the increase of struggling learners' achievement level in Statistics & Probability.

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Vol. 10, No. 6

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Vol. 10, No. 6, 2021

Introduction to Statistics and Probability Theory

This chapter introduces the basics of statistics and probability theory that will be used throughout the book. Specifically, it introduces the concepts behind descriptive statistics, including aspects of using visualization of means, medians, and modes, as well as distribution visualizations to understand your data for further analysis. It also introduces inferential statistics, specifically discussing t-tests and ANOVA, discussing the assumptions used for each of the tests and outputs. The chapter also includes labs where we use real game data to give you a practical understanding of how to apply these concepts and tests and how to interpret the meaning of the results you get from each test and method.