scholarly journals Testing an equifinality model of nonsuicidal self-injury among early adolescent girls

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Keenan ◽  
Alison E. Hipwell ◽  
Stephanie D. Stepp ◽  
Kristen Wroblewski
Keyword(s):  
Relational Aggression ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

AbstractNonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a common behavior among females that has been shown to confer risk for continued self-injury and suicidal attempts. NSSI can be viewed conceptually as behavior that is pathognomonic with aggression and/or depression. Empirical research on concurrent correlates supports this concept: numerous and diverse factors are shown to be significantly associated with self-harm, including depression, emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, and aggression and other conduct problems, as well as environmental stressors such as bullying, harsh parenting, and negative life events. In the present study, we test hypotheses regarding developmental precursors (measured from ages 8 to 12 years) to NSSI in young adolescent girls (ages 13–14 years), specifically whether aggression, depression, and environmental stressors distinguish girls with and without self-harm, and whether there is evidence for multiple developmental pathways to NSSI. Data were derived from the longitudinal Pittsburgh Girls Study. In this community sample of girls, the prevalence of NSSI at ages 13 or 14 years of age was 6.0%. Initial levels in dimensions measured within the depression, aggression, and environmental stressor domains accounted for variance in NSSI in early adolescence. Changes over time in relational aggression and assertiveness were also significantly associated with risk for NSSI. To a large extent, adolescent NSSI was predicted by psychological deficits and stress exposure that began early in childhood. Risk indices were calculated using the 85th or 15th percentile. Close to 80% of girls who engaged in NSSI during adolescence were identified by at least one risk domain in childhood. A sizable proportion of adolescent girls who later engaged in NSSI had childhood risk scores in all three domains; the remaining girls with adolescent NSSI were relatively evenly distributed across the other risk domain profiles. The observation that multiple pathways to NSSI exist suggests that deficits underlying the behavior may vary and require different modes of prevention.

scholarly journals Behavioral measures of impulsivity and compulsivity in adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nina M. Lutz ◽  
Samuel R. Chamberlain ◽  
Ian M. Goodyer ◽  
Anupam Bhardwaj ◽  
Barbara J. Sahakian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Reversal Task ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Neurocognitive Measures ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Abstract Background Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is prevalent among adolescents and research is needed to clarify the mechanisms which contribute to the behavior. Here, the authors relate behavioral neurocognitive measures of impulsivity and compulsivity to repetitive and sporadic NSSI in a community sample of adolescents. Methods Computerized laboratory tasks (Affective Go/No-Go, Cambridge Gambling Task, and Probabilistic Reversal Task) were used to evaluate cognitive performance. Participants were adolescents aged 15 to 17 with (n = 50) and without (n = 190) NSSI history, sampled from the ROOTS project which recruited adolescents from secondary schools in Cambridgeshire, UK. NSSI was categorized as sporadic (1-3 instances per year) or repetitive (4 or more instances per year). Analyses were carried out in a series of linear and negative binomial regressions, controlling for age, gender, intelligence, and recent depressive symptoms. Results Adolescents with lifetime NSSI, and repetitive NSSI specifically, made significantly more perseverative errors on the Probabilistic Reversal Task and exhibited significantly lower quality of decision making on the Cambridge Gambling Task compared to no-NSSI controls. Those with sporadic NSSI did not significantly differ from no-NSSI controls on task performance. NSSI was not associated with behavioral measures of impulsivity. Conclusions Repetitive NSSI is associated with increased behavioral compulsivity and disadvantageous decision making, but not with behavioral impulsivity. Future research should continue to investigate how neurocognitive phenotypes contribute to the onset and maintenance of NSSI, and determine whether compulsivity and addictive features of NSSI are potential targets for treatment.

Latent Class Analysis of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Justice-Involved Juveniles: Association With Motivational and Emotional Aspects of Self-Harm Behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482199841
Author(s):  
Melinda Reinhardt ◽  
Zsolt Horváth ◽  
Boglárka Drubina ◽  
Gyöngyi Kökönyei ◽  
Kenneth G. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Significantly higher rates of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) have been discovered among justice-involved juveniles. Our study aimed to discriminate homogeneous subgroups of justice-involved youth with different self-harm behavior characteristics based on latent class analysis. A total of 244 adolescents (92.6% boys; Mage = 16.99, SD = 1.28) in Hungarian juvenile detention centers completed measures of NSSI and dissociation. High-NSSI (Class 1; 9%), moderate-NSSI (Class 2; 42.6%), and low-NSSI (Class 3; 48.4%) profiles were detected relating to different forms of NSSI. Multiple comparisons showed that girls were members of Class 1 and 2 at higher rates and these subgroups showed significantly higher dissociation proportions than Class 3. Our findings pointed out diversity in self-harm profiles with different characteristics in terms of methods and severity of self-harm, experienced emotions, and other emotion regulation tendencies among justice-involved adolescents. These results suggest sophisticated treatment approaches to match variations in severity and presentation.

Body Regard as a Moderator of the Relation between Emotion Dysregulation and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

2013 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Muehlenkamp ◽  
Courtney L. Bagge ◽  
Matthew T. Tull ◽  
Kim L. Gratz
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Positive Emotion Dysregulation Identifies Trauma-Exposed Community Individuals at Risk for Suicide and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa M. Raudales ◽  
Angela G. Darosh ◽  
Ateka A. Contractor ◽  
Heather T. Schatten ◽  
Katherine L. Dixon-Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A community-based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Williams ◽  
Dean Fido ◽  
David Sheffield
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Self Harm

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine condition that has been associated with atypical emotional regulation strategy use as well as elevated levels of depression, anxiety, self-harm, and suicidal ideation. Despite the existence of clinical screening guidance for this population, there is still little to know understanding of how non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal ideation and intention manifests in women with PCOS, and how this might differ from women without PCOS. Within this cross-sectional investigation, women with and without a diagnosis of PCOS (n = 418) completed validated metrics of emotion dysregulation, rumination, and non-suicidal self-injury, as well as self-reported indices of previous suicidal ideation and future suicidal intention. Group comparisons indicated that women with, relative to those without PCOS reported significantly greater metrics across all variables. Moreover, serial mediation analyses were conducted to test the ideation-to-action framework of suicide in women with PCOS, with the positive relationship between a PCOS diagnosis and future suicidal intention being explained through the indirect pathway of increased emotion dysregulation, recent suicidal ideation, and NSSI. Our findings call to action the need for international screening for suicide intention and self-harm in women with PCOS.

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