Callous-unemotional traits and reduced default mode network connectivity within a community sample of children

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rebecca H. Umbach ◽  
Nim Tottenham
Keyword(s):  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Resting State Connectivity

Abstract Callous-unemotional (CU) traits characterize a subset of youth at risk for persistent and serious antisocial behavior. Differences in resting state connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) have been associated with CU traits in forensic and clinical samples of adolescents and with deficient interpersonal/affective traits (often operationalized as Factor 1 psychopathy traits) in adults. It is unclear whether these brain-behavior associations extend to community-based children. Using mixed model analyses, we tested the associations between CU traits and within-network resting-state connectivity of seven task-activated networks and the DMN using data from 9,636 9–11-year-olds in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Even after accounting for comorbid externalizing problems, higher levels of CU traits were associated with reduced connectivity within the DMN. This finding is consistent with prior literature surrounding psychopathy and CU traits in clinically and forensically based populations, suggesting the correlation likely exists on a spectrum, can be detected in childhood, and is not restricted to children with significant antisocial behavior.

Mediating Role of The Default Mode Network On Parental Acceptance/Warmth and Psychopathology in Youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaley Davis ◽  
Emily Hirsch ◽  
Dylan Gee ◽  
Margaret Andover ◽  
Amy Krain Roy
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Positive Parenting ◽  
Parental Acceptance ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Default Mode

Abstract Humans are reliant on their caregivers for an extended period of time, offering numerous opportunities for environmental factors, such as parental attitudes and behaviors, to impact brain development. The default mode network is a neural system encompassing the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, and temporo-parietal junction, which is implicated in aspects of cognition and psychopathology. Delayed default mode network maturation in children and adolescents has been associated with greater general dimensional psychopathology, and positive parenting behaviors have been suggested to serve as protective mechanisms against atypical default mode network development. The current study aimed to extend the existing research by examining whether within- default mode network resting-state functional connectivity would mediate the relation between parental acceptance/warmth and youth psychopathology. Data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study, which included a community sample of 9,058 children ages 9-10.9 years, were analyzed to test this prediction. Results from the analysis demonstrated a significant mediation, where greater parental acceptance/warmth predicted greater within- default mode network resting-state functional connectivity, which in turn predicted lower psychopathology. Our study provides preliminary support for the notion that positive parenting traits may reduce the risk for psychopathology in youth through their influence on the default mode network. Due to the cross-sectional nature of this study, we can only draw correlational inference; therefore, these relationships should be tested longitudinally in future investigations.

scholarly journals Resting-state network topology characterizing callous-unemotional traits in adolescence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew E. Winters ◽  
Joseph T. Sakai ◽  
R. McKell Carter
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Heterogeneous Network ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Topological Features ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits ◽  
Resting State Connectivity

AbstractBackgroundCallous-unemotional (CU) traits, a youth antisocial phenotype, are hypothesized to associate with aberrant connectivity (dis-integration) across the salience (SAL), default mode (DMN), and frontoparietal (FPN) networks. However, CU traits have a heterogeneous presentation and previous research has not modeled individual heterogeneity in resting-state connectivity amongst adolescents with CU traits. The present study models individual-specific network maps and examines topological features of individual and subgroup maps in relation to CU traits.MethodsParticipants aged 13-17 completed resting-state functional connectivity and the inventory of callous-unemotional traits as part of the Nathan Klein Rockland study. A sparse network approach (GIMME) was used to derive individual-level and subgroup maps of all participants. We then examined heterogeneous network features associated with CU traits.ResultsHigher rates of CU traits increased probability of inclusion in one subgroup, which had the highest mean level of CU traits. Analysis of network features reveals less density within the FPN and greater density between DMN-FPN associated with CU traits.DiscussionFindings indicate heterogeneous person-specific connections and some subgroup connections amongst adolescents associate with CU traits. Higher CU traits associate with lower density in the FPN, which has been associated with attention and inhibition, and higher density between the DMN-FPN, which have been linked with cognitive control, social working memory, and empathy. Our findings suggest less efficiency in FPN function which, when considered mechanistically, could result in difficulty suppressing DMN when task positive networks are engaged. This is an area for further exploration but could explain cognitive and socio-affective impairments in CU traits.

scholarly journals Resting-state connectivity in the default mode network and insula during experimental low back pain

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Wu ◽  
Guozhi Huang ◽  
Ziping Liu ◽  
Shigui Guo ◽  
Jianming Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Resting State Connectivity

scholarly journals Altered resting state connectivity of the default mode network in alexithymia

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith J. Liemburg ◽  
Marte Swart ◽  
Richard Bruggeman ◽  
Rudie Kortekaas ◽  
Henderikus Knegtering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Resting State Connectivity

scholarly journals Systemic inflammation and resting state connectivity of the default mode network

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 162-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L. Marsland ◽  
Dora C.-H. Kuan ◽  
Lei K. Sheu ◽  
Katarina Krajina ◽  
Thomas E. Kraynak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Resting State Connectivity
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