Long-term size and range changes of the Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus population in the Balkans: a review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
DOBROMIR DOBREV ◽  
RIGAS TSIAKIRIS ◽  
THEODORA SKARTSI ◽  
VLADIMIR DOBREV ◽  
VOLEN ARKUMAREV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Griffon Vulture ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Gyps Fulvus ◽  
The Status ◽  
Spatial Use

Summary The Eurasian Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus is a large Palearctic, Indohimalayan and Afrotropical Old-World vulture. The species’ range is vast, encompassing territories from the Pyrenees to the Himalayas. We reviewed and analysed a long-term data set for Griffon Vulture in the Balkans to estimate the change in its population size and range between 1980 and 2019. After a large historical decline, the Griffon Vulture population slightly increased in the last 39 years (λ = 1.02) and reached 445–565 pairs in 2019. We recorded a gradual increase of Griffon Vulture subpopulations in Serbia (λ = 1.08 ± 0.003), Bulgaria (λ = 1.08 ± 0.003) and Croatia (λ = 1.05 ± 0.005) and steep to a moderate decline of the species subpopulations in Greece (λ = 0.88 ± 0.005) and North Macedonia (λ = 0.94 ± 0.01). However, species range contracted to half of its former range in the same period. It occurred in 42 UTM squares in the 1980–1990 period and only 20 UTM squares between 2011 and 2019 and concentrated into three source subpopulations in Bulgaria, Serbia, and Croatia. Following reintroductions of the Griffon Vulture in Bulgaria, new colonies were formed at three novel localities after 2010. Regular movements of individuals between the different subpopulations exist nowadays. Therefore, preservation of both current and former core areas used for breeding and roosting is essential for species conservation in the region. However, the Griffon Vulture still faces severe threats and risk of local extinction. Various hazards such as poisoning, collision with energy infrastructure, disturbance and habitat alteration are depleting the status of the Balkan population and its full recovery. Further studies should analyse age-specific survival and mortality, recruitment, genetic relatedness, spatial use to inform the viability of this population in the future.

Long-term size and range changes of the Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus population in the Balkans: a review – CORRIGENDUM

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
DOBROMIR DOBREV ◽  
RIGAS TSIAKIRIS ◽  
THEODORA SKARTSI ◽  
VLADIMIR DOBREV ◽  
VOLEN ARKUMAREV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Griffon Vulture ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Gyps Fulvus

scholarly journals Pills or Sleep Deprivation? Sleep-Deprivation as a Therapeutic Option Intervention in Psychiatry

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-32
Author(s):  
Andrey Viktorovich Antsyborov ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Dubatova ◽  
Anna Valerievna Kalinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Close Supervision ◽  
The Status ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Traditional Approaches

In recent decades, sleep deprivation has evolved from a single experimental data set to the status of an effective and affordable therapeutic intervention used in daily clinical practice. The mechanism of action of this method is aimed at the same neurotransmitter systems and brain regions as antidepressants. As in the case of pharmacotherapy for sleep deprivation, it should be used under close supervision of a physician. Clinical effects with sleep deprivation are achieved much faster than with psychopharmacotherapy, but they are not long-term in nature. It is possible to improve the results using a combination of pharmacotherapy and sleep deprivation. The use of sleep deprivation in clinical conditions is aimed primarily at preventing depression and its recurrence, as well as in cases resistant to pharmacotherapy. In modern conditions, the method of sleep deprivation is a significant alternative to traditional approaches to therapy of depression.

scholarly journals Snow and ice applications of AVHRR in polar regions: report of a workshop held in Boulder, Colorado, 20 May 1992

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Steffen ◽  
R. Bindschadler ◽  
G. Casassa ◽  
J. Comiso ◽  
D. Eppler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Ice Surface ◽  
The Status ◽  
Ice Surface Temperature ◽  
Snow And Ice

The third symposium on Remote Sensing of Snow and Ice, organized by the International Glaciological Society, took place in Boulder, Colorado, 17–22 May 1992. As part of this meeting a total of 21 papers was presented on snow and ice applications of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data in polar regions. Also during this meeting a NASA sponsored Workshop was held to review the status of polar surface measurements from AVHRR. In the following we have summarized the ideas and recommendations from the workshop, and the conclusions of relevant papers given during the regular symposium sessions. The seven topics discussed include cloud masking, ice surface temperature, narrow-band albedo, ice concentration, lead statistics, sea-ice motion and ice-sheet studies with specifics on applications, algorithms and accuracy, following recommendations for future improvements. In general, we can affirm the strong potential of AVHRR for studying sea ice and snow covered surfaces, and we highly recommend this satellite data set for long-term monitoring of polar process studies. However, progress is needed to reduce the uncertainty of the retrieved parameters for all of the above mentioned topics to make this data set useful for direct climate applications such as heat balance studies and others. Further, the acquisition and processing of polar AVHRR data must become better coordinated between receiving stations, data centers and funding agencies to guarantee a long-term commitment to the collection and distribution of high quality data.

scholarly journals Snow and ice applications of AVHRR in polar regions: report of a workshop held in Boulder, Colorado, 20 May 1992

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Steffen ◽  
R. Bindschadler ◽  
G. Casassa ◽  
J. Comiso ◽  
D. Eppler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Ice Surface ◽  
The Status ◽  
Ice Surface Temperature ◽  
Snow And Ice

The third symposium on Remote Sensing of Snow and Ice, organized by the International Glaciological Society, took place in Boulder, Colorado, 17–22 May 1992. As part of this meeting a total of 21 papers was presented on snow and ice applications of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data in polar regions. Also during this meeting a NASA sponsored Workshop was held to review the status of polar surface measurements from AVHRR. In the following we have summarized the ideas and recommendations from the workshop, and the conclusions of relevant papers given during the regular symposium sessions. The seven topics discussed include cloud masking, ice surface temperature, narrow-band albedo, ice concentration, lead statistics, sea-ice motion and ice-sheet studies with specifics on applications, algorithms and accuracy, following recommendations for future improvements. In general, we can affirm the strong potential of AVHRR for studying sea ice and snow covered surfaces, and we highly recommend this satellite data set for long-term monitoring of polar process studies. However, progress is needed to reduce the uncertainty of the retrieved parameters for all of the above mentioned topics to make this data set useful for direct climate applications such as heat balance studies and others. Further, the acquisition and processing of polar AVHRR data must become better coordinated between receiving stations, data centers and funding agencies to guarantee a long-term commitment to the collection and distribution of high quality data.

scholarly journals New insight into spatial ecology of Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) on the Balkans provides opportunity for focusing conservation actions for a threatened social scavenger

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hristo Peshev ◽  
Atanas Grozdanov ◽  
Elena Kmetova–Biro ◽  
Ivelin Ivanov ◽  
Georgi Stoyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Spatial Ecology ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Griffon Vulture ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Gyps Fulvus ◽  
Conservation Actions

The knowledge in the behaviour and movement of endangered species is of key importance for the precise targeting and assessing the efficiency of nature conservation actions, especially considering vultures, which explore vast areas to locate ephemeral and unpredictable food resources. Therefore, a total of 51 Griffon Vultures (Gyps fulvus) from both the re-introduced population and the autochthonous Balkan Peninsula (Balkans) colonies have been tagged with GPS/GSM transmitters in recent years, in order to study their seasonal and spatial distribution. The current study presents the analysis of the high-resolution GPS location data, acquired between January 2016 and March 2021. A total of 1,138,383 locations (an average number of 23,716 ± 18,886 positions per bird, ranged between 2,515 and 76,431 of total fixes per bird; n=48) were used to estimate the home range size and identify the traditional foraging areas and roosting sites of the birds during the wintering, migration/roaming and summering periods. Our results reveal that Griffon Vultures movement activity and home range size varied considerably throughout the annual cycle, especially between their wintering and summering grounds, while exhibiting significant overlapping amongst the tracked individuals. Specifically, immature Griffon Vultures travel long distances across all Balkan Peninsula countries, but always gather with conspecifics, showing strong fidelity to active breeding/roosting sites. The total home range 95% area of the Griffon Vulture population on the Balkans was estimated at 39,986.4 km² and the 50% core area at 1,545.42 km² (n = 48). All tracked birds were found to either visit or frequently use (> 95% of the time) the same seven vulture key zones on the Balkan Peninsula – one in Serbia, one shared between North Macedonia and Bulgaria, one shared between Bulgaria and Greece, two entirely lying in Bulgaria, one in western Greece and one shared between Kvarner Archipelago islands in Croatia and the Julian Alps - Italy, Austria and Slovenia. Several smaller sub-zones were also defined within these general ones. The seven key zones form a coherent network and are used as stepping stones for Griffon Vultures during their migration movements and roaming, but also wintering and summering. The observed concentration tendency of Griffon Vultures on the Balkans and the predictability of their temporal and spatial presence should be used to precisely target, address and substantially increase the efficiency of the conservation measures in this marginal and, thus, still vulnerable meta-population.

scholarly journals Long-term lead intoxication of Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus Hablizl, 1783) supposedly the result of illegal shooting

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Anton Stamenov ◽  
Ivanka Lazarova ◽  
Volen Arkumarev ◽  
Stefka Dimitrova ◽  
Nikolay Terziev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Lead Intoxication ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Wild Ungulates ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Griffon Vulture ◽  
Gyps Fulvus ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Chronic Lead Intoxication

Abstract The European Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus is a large-sized scavenger exploiting carcasses of livestock and wild ungulates and thus having a paramount importance in the natural ecosystems. In this study, we report on an adult Griffon Vulture detected with lead levels in the bones over the threshold. After two years of tracking, the bird died. The corpse’s clinical examination and radiography detected the presence of two embedded lead pellets from a healed gunshot wound in its right wing. Quantitative laboratory analysis of lead in bone and liver samples evidencing subclinical/chronic lead intoxication of the Griffon Vulture could potentially be a result of the long-term exposure to the lead originating from the pellets in its wing.

scholarly journals The Status of Vultures Neophron Percnopterus, Gypaetus Barbatus, Gyps Fulvus, Aegypius Monachus (Accipitriformes) in Azerbaijan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-570
Author(s):  
T. Karimov ◽  
A. Mammadov
Keyword(s):  
Griffon Vulture ◽  
Egyptian Vulture ◽  
Gypaetus Barbatus ◽  
Gyps Fulvus ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Neophron Percnopterus ◽  
Bearded Vulture ◽  
Black Vulture ◽  
The Status ◽  
Lesser Caucasus

The inventory of vultures was conducted in 2004–2016. Modern areal and nesting places of Griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus), Black vulture (Aegypius monachus), Egyptian vulture, (Neophron percnopterus) and Bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) in Azerbaijan was determined. Our results reveals that 60.6% (n=20) of nesting locations were found in Lesser Caucasus, 36.3% (n=12) in Great Caucasus, 3.0% (n=1) in Talysh mountains. Over the last 13 years the total known population of these species decreased by 15.3%. Primary reason of this decline is the abandonment of livestock farms and graze lands, accompanied by the expansion of cultivated areas (P = 0.0001) since large domestic ruminants are important source of food for Griffon vultures,. The other important threats to these species were identified as nestling removal, capture and trade of wild birds for exhibiting them in zoological gardens and roadside restaurants, destructing the nests of Black vultures, ecotourism and recreation has impacted on the decrease in the number of Griffon vultures (P =0.0001). In 2016, 61 pairs of Griffon vulture, 59 pairs of Egyptian vulture, 16 pairs of Black vulture, 9 pairs of Bearded vulture were recorded in the territories of Azerbaijan.

scholarly journals Nest-site preference of Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) in Herzegovina

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Marinkovic ◽  
Ljiljana Orlandic ◽  
S.B. Skoric ◽  
B.D. Karadzic
Keyword(s):  
Nest Site ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Site Preference ◽  
Griffon Vulture ◽  
Gyps Fulvus ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Breeding Habitats ◽  
Using Data

Although formerly an abundant species, the Eurasian Griffon (Gyps fulvus Hablizl, 1783) has undergone a dramatic decline in Herzegovina. Such an unfavorable trend may be associated with frequent poisoning incidents (consumption of poisoned baits), shortage of food and hunting. This species disappeared from its breeding habitats in Herzegovina during the last decade of the 20th century. The extinction was probably caused by military activities during the civil war. Using data that were collected over a period of long-term (1980-1991) monitoring of the breeding population, we discovered optimal environmental conditions for the nesting of the Eurasian Griffon Vulture in Herzegovina. Information on nest-site preference is valuable for conservation programs and the possible reintroduction of the Eurasian Griffon, not only in Herzegovina, but also to a much wider region. During the study period, we observed 61 nests and 252 nesting cases in four colonies of Eurasian Griffon Vulture. Most nests were located on limestone and dolomite rocks. The average altitude of nests was 378 m a.s.l.; most of nests (85%) were located below 500 m a.s.l. Also, the majority of nests were located on west-exposed sites.

scholarly journals Preventing More “Missing Girls”: A Review of Policies to Tackle Son Preference

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Kumar ◽  
Nistha Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Sex Selection ◽  
Son Preference ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Direct Measures

Abstract In parts of Asia, the South Caucasus, and the Balkans, son preference is strong enough to trigger significant levels of sex selection, resulting in the excess mortality of girls and skewing child sex ratios in favor of boys. Every year, an estimated 1.8 million girls go “missing” because of the widespread use of sex selective practices in these regions. The pervasive use of such practices is reflective of the striking inequities girls face immediately, and it also has possible negative implications for efforts to improve women's status in the long term. Recognizing this as a public policy concern, governments have employed direct measures such as banning the use of prenatal sex selection technology, and providing financial incentives to families that have girls. This study reviews cross-country experiences to take stock of the direct interventions used and finds no conclusive evidence that they are effective in reducing the higher mortality risk for girls. In fact, bans on the use of sex selection technology may inadvertently worsen the status of the very individuals they intend to protect, and financial incentives to families with girls offer only short-term benefits at most. Instead, what seems to work are policies that indirectly raise the value of daughters. The study also underscores the paucity of causal studies in this literature.

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