scholarly journals Counting Intersecting and Pairs of Cross-Intersecting Families

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER FRANKL ◽  
ANDREY KUPAVSKII

A family of subsets of {1,. . .,n} is called intersecting if any two of its sets intersect. A classical result in extremal combinatorics due to Erdős, Ko and Rado determines the maximum size of an intersecting family of k-subsets of {1,. . .,n}. In this paper we study the following problem: How many intersecting families of k-subsets of {1,. . .,n} are there? Improving a result of Balogh, Das, Delcourt, Liu and Sharifzadeh, we determine this quantity asymptotically for n ≥ 2k+2+2$\sqrt{k\log k}$ and k → ∞. Moreover, under the same assumptions we also determine asymptotically the number of non-trivial intersecting families, that is, intersecting families for which the intersection of all sets is empty. We obtain analogous results for pairs of cross-intersecting families.

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
GYULA O. H. KATONA ◽  
GYULA Y. KATONA ◽  
ZSOLT KATONA

Let be a family of subsets of an n-element set. It is called intersecting if every pair of its members has a non-disjoint intersection. It is well known that an intersecting family satisfies the inequality || ≤ 2n−1. Suppose that ||=2n−1 + i. Choose the members of independently with probability p (delete them with probability 1 − p). The new family is intersecting with a certain probability. We try to maximize this probability by choosing appropriately. The exact maximum is determined in this paper for some small i. The analogous problem is considered for families consisting of k-element subsets, but the exact solution is obtained only when the size of the family exceeds the maximum size of the intersecting family only by one. A family is said to be inclusion-free if no member is a proper subset of another one. It is well known that the largest inclusion-free family is the one consisting of all $\lfloor \frac{n}{ 2}\rfloor$-element subsets. We determine the most probably inclusion-free family too, when the number of members is $\binom{n}{ \lfloor \frac{n}{ 2}\rfloor} +1$.


10.37236/5401 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Plaza

We consider the action of the $2$-dimensional projective general linear group $PGL(2,q)$ on the projective line $PG(1,q)$. A subset $S$ of $PGL(2,q)$ is said to be an intersecting family if for every $g_1,g_2 \in S$, there exists $\alpha \in PG(1,q)$ such that $\alpha^{g_1}= \alpha^{g_2}$. It was proved by Meagher and Spiga that the intersecting families of maximum size in $PGL(2,q)$ are precisely the cosets of point stabilizers. We prove that if an intersecting family $S \subset PGL(2,q)$ has size close to the maximum then it must be "close" in structure to a coset of a point stabilizer. This phenomenon is known as stability. We use this stability result proved here to show that if the size of $S$ is close enough to the maximum then $S$ must be contained in a coset of a point stabilizer.


10.37236/7846 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niranjan Balachandran ◽  
Rogers Mathew ◽  
Tapas Kumar Mishra

Let $L = \{\frac{a_1}{b_1}, \ldots , \frac{a_s}{b_s}\}$, where for every $i \in [s]$, $\frac{a_i}{b_i} \in [0,1)$ is an irreducible fraction. Let $\mathcal{F} = \{A_1, \ldots , A_m\}$ be a family of subsets of $[n]$. We say $\mathcal{F}$ is a fractional $L$-intersecting family if for every distinct $i,j \in [m]$, there exists an $\frac{a}{b} \in L$ such that $|A_i \cap A_j| \in \{ \frac{a}{b}|A_i|, \frac{a}{b} |A_j|\}$. In this paper, we introduce and study the notion of fractional $L$-intersecting families.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (06) ◽  
pp. 826-839
Author(s):  
David Ellis ◽  
Noam Lifshitz

AbstractA family of sets is said to be intersecting if any two sets in the family have non-empty intersection. In 1973, Erdős raised the problem of determining the maximum possible size of a union of r different intersecting families of k-element subsets of an n-element set, for each triple of integers (n, k, r). We make progress on this problem, proving that for any fixed integer r ⩾ 2 and for any $$k \le ({1 \over 2} - o(1))n$$, if X is an n-element set, and $${\cal F} = {\cal F}_1 \cup {\cal F}_2 \cup \cdots \cup {\cal F}_r $$, where each $$ {\cal F}_i $$ is an intersecting family of k-element subsets of X, then $$|{\cal F}| \le \left( {\matrix{n \cr k \cr } } \right) - \left( {\matrix{{n - r} \cr k \cr } } \right)$$, with equality only if $${\cal F} = \{ S \subset X:|S| = k,\;S \cap R \ne \emptyset \} $$ for some R ⊂ X with |R| = r. This is best possible up to the size of the o(1) term, and improves a 1987 result of Frankl and Füredi, who obtained the same conclusion under the stronger hypothesis $$k < (3 - \sqrt 5 )n/2$$, in the case r = 2. Our proof utilizes an isoperimetric, influence-based method recently developed by Keller and the authors.


2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 107-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRIT DINUR ◽  
EHUD FRIEDGUT

A family$\J$of subsets of {1, . . .,n} is called aj-junta if there existsJ⊆ {1, . . .,n}, with |J| =j, such that the membership of a setSin$\J$depends only onS∩J.In this paper we provide a simple description of intersecting families of sets. Letnandkbe positive integers withk<n/2, and let$\A$be a family of pairwise intersecting subsets of {1, . . .,n}, all of sizek. We show that such a family is essentially contained in aj-junta$\J$, wherejdoes not depend onnbut only on the ratiok/nand on the interpretation of ‘essentially’.Whenk=o(n) we prove that every intersecting family ofk-sets is almost contained in a dictatorship, a 1-junta (which by the Erdős–Ko–Rado theorem is a maximal intersecting family): for any such intersecting family$\A$there exists an elementi∈ {1, . . .,n} such that the number of sets in$\A$that do not containiis of order$\C {n-2}{k-2}$(which is approximately$\frac {k}{n-k}$times the size of a maximal intersecting family).Our methods combine traditional combinatorics with results stemming from the theory of Boolean functions and discrete Fourier analysis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 1525-1535
Author(s):  
Jozsef Balogh ◽  
Nathan Lemons ◽  
Cory Palmer

10.37236/724 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Huajun Zhang

Let $n, r$ and $\ell$ be distinct positive integers with $r < \ell\leq n/2$, and let $X_1$ and $X_2$ be two disjoint sets with the same size $n$. Define $$\mathcal{F}=\left\{A\in \binom{X}{r+\ell}: \mbox{$|A\cap X_1|=r$ or $\ell$}\right\},$$ where $X=X_1\cup X_2$. In this paper, we prove that if $\mathcal{S}$ is an intersecting family in $\mathcal{F}$, then $|\mathcal{S}|\leq \binom{n-1}{r-1}\binom{n}{\ell}+\binom{n-1}{\ell-1}\binom{n}{r}$, and equality holds if and only if $\mathcal{S}=\{A\in\mathcal{F}: a\in A\}$ for some $a\in X$.


10.37236/5976 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik Majumder

In 1975, Lovász conjectured that any maximal intersecting family of $k$-sets has at most $\lfloor(e-1)k!\rfloor$ blocks, where $e$ is the base of the natural logarithm. This conjecture was disproved in 1996 by Frankl and his co-authors. In this short note, we reprove the result of Frankl et al. using a vastly simplified construction of maximal intersecting families with many blocks. This construction yields a maximal intersecting family $\mathbb{G}_{k}$ of $k-$sets whose number of blocks is asymptotic to $e^{2}(\frac{k}{2})^{k-1}$ as $k\rightarrow\infty$.


10.37236/602 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Kamat

We consider the following generalization of the seminal Erdős–Ko–Rado theorem, due to Frankl. For some $k\geq 2$, let $\mathcal{F}$ be a $k$-wise intersecting family of $r$-subsets of an $n$ element set $X$, i.e. for any $F_1,\ldots,F_k\in \mathcal{F}$, $\cap_{i=1}^k F_i\neq \emptyset$. If $r\leq \dfrac{(k-1)n}{k}$, then $|\mathcal{F}|\leq {n-1 \choose r-1}$. We prove a stability version of this theorem, analogous to similar results of Dinur-Friedgut, Keevash-Mubayi and others for the EKR theorem. The technique we use is a generalization of Katona's circle method, initially employed by Keevash, which uses expansion properties of a particular Cayley graph of the symmetric group.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document