scholarly journals (P1-52) Educational Program of Disaster Preparedness in the Earthquake Prone Area, Mie, Japan

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s115-s115
Author(s):  
T. Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
New Community

BackgroundMajor earthquakes with a magnitude of 7-8 are anticipated to occur in the next 30 years at a 60 percent chance on the southern coast of Mie, Japan. Since the most part of the Mie Prefecture, Japan, is likely to be damaged by tsunami and landslides, residents are expected to take self-reliant approach on the initial several days after the earthquake.AimDeveloping disaster support system in including community based medical disaster preparedness in the region.MethodsWe have been providing knowledge and techniques to cope with the earthquake cooperated with experts of earthquake engineering. Basic and advanced life support educational programs for acute illness and trauma that may occur in earthquake and/or tsunami as well as during the evacuation and sheltering have been developed for public, local medical associations and the main hospital in the region. Moreover, we have started a new community continuous educational course to promote the public disaster preparedness. We teach introduction of emergency and disaster medicine to enhance knowledge of natural and social science on disaster preparedness.ResultsLocal residents including public and medical personnel started to acquire a general idea of disaster and emergency medicine. The educational programs seemed to motivate local residents and healthcare professions.

scholarly journals In Memoriam, Rudolf Frey

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. viii-xi
Author(s):  
Peter Safar ◽  
Nancy Kirimli
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Monograph Series ◽  
In Memoriam ◽  
University Department ◽  
The University

Rudolf Frey, known as “Rolf“ in Europe and “Rudi” in America — a leading star of anesthesiology, emergency medicine and disaster medicine — has ended his life's struggles. He influenced many lives positively. His years were rich with experiences and contributions.Surgery and anesthesiology were his base specialties. Alone, these fields would have been too narrow for him. He initiated the first professorship of anesthesiology in Germany at the University of Heidelberg in the 1950's; the first autonomous university department of anesthesiology in Germany at the Gutenberg University of Mainz in 1960; the journalDer Anaesthesist, the first textbook of anesthesiology in German; one of the first physician-staffed advanced life support ambulance and ambulance helicopter services in Europe; numerous training programs, symposia and congresses; and theClub of Mainzand its associated monograph seriesDisaster Medicine, originally published by Springer-Verlag.

scholarly journals Medical Care at Mass Gatherings: Emergency Medical Services at Large-Scale Rave Events

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Krul ◽  
Björn Sanou ◽  
Eleonara L Swart ◽  
Armand R J Girbes
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Mass Gatherings

AbstractObjective: The objective of this study was to develop comprehensive guidelines for medical care during mass gatherings based on the experience of providing medical support during rave parties.Methods: Study design was a prospective, observational study of self-referred patients who reported to First Aid Stations (FASs) during Dutch rave parties. All users of medical care were registered on an existing standard questionnaire. Health problems were categorized as medical, trauma, psychological, or miscellaneous. Severity was assessed based on the Emergency Severity Index. Qualified nurses, paramedics, and doctors conducted the study after training in the use of the study questionnaire. Total number of visitors was reported by type of event.Results: During the 2006–2010 study period, 7,089 persons presented to FASs for medical aid during rave parties. Most of the problems (91.1%) were categorized as medical or trauma, and classified as mild. The most common medical complaints were general unwell-being, nausea, dizziness, and vomiting. Contusions, strains and sprains, wounds, lacerations, and blisters were the most common traumas. A small portion (2.4%) of the emergency aid was classified as moderate (professional medical care required), including two cases (0.03%) that were considered life-threatening. Hospital admission occurred in 2.2% of the patients. Fewer than half of all patients presenting for aid were transported by ambulance. More than a quarter of all cases (27.4%) were related to recreational drugs.Conclusions: During a five-year field research period at rave dance parties, most presentations on-site for medical evaluation were for mild conditions. A medical team of six healthcare workers for every 10,000 rave party visitors is recommended. On-site medical staff should consist primarily of first aid providers, along with nurses who have event-specific training on advanced life support, event-specific injuries and incidents, health education related to self-care deficits, interventions for psychological distress, infection control, and disaster medicine. Protocols should be available for treating common injuries and other minor medical problems, and for registration, triage, environmental surveillance and catastrophe management and response.

scholarly journals Revised Hospital-MIMMS Course for Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s165-s165
Author(s):  
Arito Kaji ◽  
Hiromasa Yamamoto ◽  
Naoto Morimura
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Major Incident ◽  
List Type ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Japanese Learners ◽  
The Uk

Introduction:HMIMMS (Major Incident Medical Management and Support: The Practical Approach in the Hospital) has been introduced by ALSG (Advanced Life Support Group, Manchester, UK) and developed for many countries for preparing to accept huge numbers of casualties at a hospital during major incidents. The original HMIMMS course has been held in Japan since 2007, produced over 1,200 providers. Japan has a crucial history of natural disasters, earthquakes, tsunamis, and typhoons often resulting in extensive damages to infrastructure and communications.Aim:The MIMMS-JAPAN and the Japanese Association for Disaster Medicine have joined to plan to revise the original HMIMMS course from the point of view of the difference of the type of disaster.Method:By the permission of ALSG, two subjects were added “Hospital Evacuation” and “Business Continuity Plan” as lectures, workshops, and tabletops to the original HMIMMS course. Before attending the course, students were required to watch e-learning for deeper understanding and time-saving. Total program was organized into two days.Results:Main points of modification are to: 1.Replace a system peculiar to the UK with a Japanese system.2.Add unique contents of a Japanese disaster.3.Add the important subjects especially in Japan.4.Modify the presentation slides to understand easily for Japanese students. But the fundamental concept that hospital functions upon ‘CSCATTT’ is strictly preserved.Discussion:Newly revised HMIMMS course will start in 2019 for Japanese learners. Many reflections must be accumulated and further revisions will continue.

Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure – Comparison of the Two Filling Methods – Simulated Test

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Tomasz Ilczak ◽  
Michał Ćwiertnia ◽  
Piotr Białoń ◽  
Michał Szlagor ◽  
Beata Kudłacik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Endotracheal Tube Cuff ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Tube Cuff

Abstract Introduction: Tracheal intubation is the optimal method for opening up airways. Performed correctly, it prevents stomach contents from entering the respiratory tract and allows asynchronous cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to be conducted during sudden cardiac arrest. An important element of correct intubation is proper inflation of the endotracheal tube cuff. Research has shown that when medical personnel use the palpation technique, the cuff is usually inflated incorrectly. This can result in numerous health complications for the patient. Methods: This research was conducted in 2020 on a group of paramedics participating in the 15th International Winter Championship of Medical Rescuers in Bielsko-Biala (Poland). The aim of the research was to assess two methods of inflating the endotracheal tube cuff. Method A involved inflating the cuff using a syringe and assessing the pressure in the control cuff using the palpation technique. Method B involved inflating the cuff using a manometer. During the inflation, both the cuff inflation pressure and the time required to complete the procedure were recorded. Analysis was also conducted on whether completion of certified Advanced Life Support (ALS) and Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) training had any influence on the effectiveness of the inflation procedure. Results: The research showed that paramedics using Method B significantly more often inflated the endotracheal tube cuff to the correct pressure than those using Method A. However, when Method B was used, the procedure took longer to conduct. The study also showed that completion of certified ALS or ACLS training did not have a significant influence on proper inflation of the cuff. Those who had completed certified training courses took significantly longer to inflate the endotracheal tube cuff when using Method A. Conclusions: Inflation of the endotracheal tube cuff by use of a syringe, followed by the palpation technique for assessing the inflation of the cuff balloon, is ineffective. Paramedic teams should be equipped with manometers to be used for inflating the endotracheal tube cuff.

scholarly journals How to Maintain Safety and Maximize the Efficacy of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in COVID-19 Patients: Insights from the Recent Guidelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 5667
Author(s):  
Dominika Chojecka ◽  
Jakub Pytlos ◽  
Mateusz Zawadka ◽  
Paweł Andruszkiewicz ◽  
Łukasz Szarpak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Significant Mortality

Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has remained a challenge for governments and healthcare systems all around the globe. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with increased rates of hospital admissions and significant mortality. The pandemic increased the rate of cardiac arrest and the need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). COVID-19, with its pathophysiology and detrimental effects on healthcare, influenced the profile of patients suffering from cardiac arrest, as well as the conditions of performing CPR. To ensure both the safety of medical personnel and the CPR efficacy for patients, resuscitation societies have published modified guidelines addressing the specific reality of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this review, we briefly describe the transmission and pathophysiology of COVID-19, present the challenges of CPR in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, summarize the current recommendations regarding the algorithms of basic life support (BLS), advanced life support (ALS) and pediatric life support, and discuss other aspects of CPR in COVID-19 patients, which potentially affect the risk-to-benefit ratio of medical procedures and therefore should be considered while formulating further recommendations.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Basic and Advanced Life Support (BLS, ALS) Self-Training Systems (STS) for Paramedical and Medical Personnel

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
M. Scott ◽  
P. Safar ◽  
P. Berkebile ◽  
A. Sladen ◽  
J. McClintock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Training System ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Respiratory Care ◽  
Mass Casualties ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Film Viewing ◽  
Lay Public

Resuscitation and acute respiratory care must be taught to all personnel involved in the management of everyday emergencies and mass casualties. Personnel range from the lay public to physician specialists. In deciding who should be taught what and how one must consider the limitations of learning ability of trainees and of resources. Mouth-to-mouth ventilation can be learned by laymen merely from viewing pictures, but better with manikin practice to perfection. CPR steps A-B-C can be effectively taught to non-physicians including laymen with instructor-coached manikin practice to perfection. but also with self-practice coached by audiotape, and to some extent even by frequent film viewing only without manikin practice. In 1972, A. Laerdal invented a CPR steps A-B-C self-training system consisting of a recording manikin, flipcharts and the coaching audiotape. We added a demonstration film to be shown before manikin practice.

Medical Coverage of a Marathon: Establishing Guidelines for Deployment of Health Care Resources

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Ellis ◽  
Vincent P. Verdile ◽  
Paul M. Paris ◽  
Michael B. Heller ◽  
Robert Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Electrolyte Disorders ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Finish Line ◽  
Worst Case

AbstractIntroduction:Few prearranged events provide better opportunities for emergency health system coordination and planned disaster management than does medical coverage of a major city marathon. No guidelines exist as to the appropriate level of care that should be provided for such an event.Methods:The medical coverage for 2,900 marathon runners and an estimated 500,000 spectators along a 26.2-mile course over city streets for the 1986 Pittsburgh Marathon was examined prospectively. Support groups included physicians, nurses, and medical students from area hospitals and emergency departments and podiatrists, physical therapists, athletic trainers, and massage therapists from the Pittsburgh area. Emergency medical services were provided by city and county advanced life support (ALS) and basic life support (BLS) units, the American Red Cross, and the Salvation Army. A total of 641 medical volunteers participated in the coverage. Data were collected by volunteers as to acute medical and sports medical complaints of all patients, their vital signs, and the treatment provided. Medical care was provided at 20 field aid-stations along the race route (including a station every mile afier the 12-mile mark, and at four stations at the finish line).Results:Race day weather conditions were unusually warm with a high temperature of 86°F (30°C), relative humidity of 64%, partly sunny with little ambient wind, and a high wet bulb-globe temperature of 78°F (25.6°C). Records were obtained on 658/2,900 (25%) runner-patients of which 52 (8%) required transportation to area hospitals after evaluation at aid-stations: three were admitted to intensive care units. Analysis showed that 379/658 (58%) of the patients were treated at the finish line medical areas, and of the remaining 279 patients treated on the course, 218/279 (78%) were seen at seven, mile-aid-stations between 16.2 and 22.8 miles. The conditions of heat and humidity constitute a near “worst-case” scenario and the numbers of medical personnel that should be available to deliver acute care of hyperthermia/hypothermia and fluid/electrolyte disorders are recommended. Also it is recommended that approximately 50% of medical personnel and equipment should be deployed in the finish line area and that 80% of the remaining resources on the race course be deployed in aid-stations located every mile between miles 16 and 23.

The Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO®) Program: Fourteen Years of Progress

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Beasley ◽  
Lee T. Dresang ◽  
Diana B. Winslow ◽  
James R. Damos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Obstetric Emergencies

AbstractBackground:The Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO®) program is a highly structured, evidence-based, two-day course designed to provide healthcare professionals with the knowledge and skills to manage the emergency conditions that can occur during childbirth.Objectives:To document the number of ALSO®-trained clinicians and instructors in the United States and internationally and to promote ALSO® training among prehospital and disaster medicine professionals.Methods:Records maintained by the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) for each country where ALSO® is taught were reviewed for: (1) the years and locations of the ALSO® courses; (2) the number of ALSO®-trained caregivers; and (3) the number of ALSO® instructors.Results:Between 1991 and 2005, 54,071 ALSO®-trained caregivers and 2,251 instructors have completed provider and instructor ALSO® courses in 25 countries. Of these, 17,755 caregivers and 1,220 instructors are from outside the United States.Conclusion:The ALSO® program is a popular, multi-disciplinary course for preparing maternity caregivers to manage obstetric emergencies. Limited evidence suggests it can be effective and efficient in enhancing the knowledge and skills of prehospital and disaster medicine clinicians. Hong Kong provides a model in which emergency physicians have taken the lead in promoting the ALSO® course. As the ALSO® program expands, additional research is needed to assess its impact on educational and health outcomes.

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