Forecasting in a Polarized Era: The Time for Change Model and the 2012 Presidential Election

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (04) ◽  
pp. 618-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Abramowitz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
The United States ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Gay Marriage ◽  
Change Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Swing Voters ◽  
Democrats And Republicans

The 2012 presidential campaign takes place at a time of deep political division in the United States. Democrats and Republicans differ sharply over Barack Obama's performance in office as well as a wide range of issues ranging from government spending and health care to immigration and gay marriage. These divisions are shaping the strategies of the candidates and the outlook for November. Overwhelming majorities of Democrats and Republicans, including overwhelming majorities of independents who lean toward a party, can be expected to support their own party's nominee. As a result, the outcome will depend on which party does a better job of mobilizing its supporters and appealing to a small group of swing voters in 10 or 12 battleground states.

scholarly journals Why Would Hispanics Vote for Trump? Explaining the Controversy of the 2016 Election

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Quinn Galbraith ◽  
Adam Callister
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Illegal Immigrants ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
2016 Election ◽  
Hispanic Voters

Donald Trump was particularly vocal in shaping his presidential campaign around policies perceived as being anti-immigration. Consequently, many were shocked that Hispanic support for the Republican Party did not drop in the 2016 presidential election. In fact, our survey, which consisted of 1,080 people of Hispanic descent living in the United States, found that 74% of Hispanic Trump voters were in favor of generally deporting all illegal immigrants. Our results suggest that the population of Hispanics who voted in the 2016 presidential election was, on average, more conservative than the overall population of Hispanics living in the United States. Furthermore, our analysis suggests that issues such as the economy, health care, and education were more important to Hispanic voters than were issues related to immigration.

scholarly journals Risk and the Republican National Convention: Application of the Novel COVID-19 Operational Risk Assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
David Callaway ◽  
Jeff Runge ◽  
Lucia Mullen ◽  
Lisa Rentz ◽  
Kevin Staley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
World Health ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Mass Gathering ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
National Convention

Abstract The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization broadly categorize mass gathering events as high risk for amplification of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread in a community due to the nature of respiratory diseases and the transmission dynamics. However, various measures and modifications can be put in place to limit or reduce the risk of further spread of COVID-19 for the mass gathering. During this pandemic, the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security produced a risk assessment and mitigation tool for decision-makers to assess SARS-CoV-2 transmission risks that may arise as organizations and businesses hold mass gatherings or increase business operations: The JHU Operational Toolkit for Businesses Considering Reopening or Expanding Operations in COVID-19 (Toolkit). This article describes the deployment of a data-informed, risk-reduction strategy that protects local communities, preserves local health-care capacity, and supports democratic processes through the safe execution of the Republican National Convention in Charlotte, North Carolina. The successful use of the Toolkit and the lessons learned from this experience are applicable in a wide range of public health settings, including school reopening, expansion of public services, and even resumption of health-care delivery.

Resettlement as Securitization

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
Fadi Saleh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gay Marriage ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
The West ◽  
Conviction Rate ◽  
History Of

This first-person activist reflection discusses the author’s experience immigrating to Canada as a queer AIDS activist. The author situates his experience navigating HIV-positive-exclusionary immigration policies where the only avenue for immigrating while HIV-positive is through gay marriage. Canada maintains a draconian set of discriminatory laws regarding the so-called “excessive demand” HIV-positive immigrants put on the publicly funded health care system in Canada. This piece briefly looks at the history of HIV travel and immigration bans as well as proposed HIV quarantine legislation across Canada. While Canada is often regarded as more progressive than the United States in many ways, its HIV immigration ban and high prosecution and conviction rate for HIV nondisclosure make Canada one of the most legally precarious countries for HIV-positive people in the west.

Analogical Framing: How Policy Comparisons Alter Political Support for Health Care Reform

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-611
Author(s):  
Jason Barabas ◽  
Benjamin Carter ◽  
Kevin Shan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Individual Health ◽  
Single Payer ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Democrats And Republicans ◽  
Political Persuasion

Analogies have captivated philosophers for millennia, yet their effects on modern public opinion preferences remain largely unexplored. Nevertheless, the lack of evidence as to whether analogies aid in political persuasion has not stopped politicians from using these rhetorical devices in public debates. To examine such strategic attempts to garner political support, we conducted survey experiments in the United States that featured the analogical arguments being used by Democrats and Republicans as well as some of the policy rationales that accompanied their appeals. The results revealed that analogies—especially those that also provided the underlying policy logic—increased support for individual health coverage mandates, the Affordable Care Act (ACA), and even single payer national health proposals. However, we demonstrated that rebutting flawed analogies was also possible. Thus, within the health care arena, framing proposals with analogies can alter policy preferences significantly, providing a way to deliver policy rationales persuasively.

Prejudice and the Medical Profession: A Five-Year Update

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Care System

Over the past decades the mortality rate in the United States has decreased and life expectancy has increased. Yet a number of recent studies have drawn Americans attention to the fact that racial and ethnic disparities persist in health care. It is clear that the U.S. health care system is not only flawed for many reasons including basic injustices, but may be the cause of both injury and death for members of racial and ethnic minorities.In 2002, an Institute of Medicine (IOM) report requested by Congress listed more than 100 studies documenting a wide range of disparities in the United States health care system. This report found that people belonging to racial and ethnic minorities often receive lower quality of health care than do people of European descent, even when their medical insurance coverage and income levels are the same as that of the latter.

Are Medical Malpractice Damages Caps Constitutional? An Overview of State Litigation

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carly N. Kelly ◽  
Michelle M. Mello
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Medical Malpractice ◽  
Bush Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Financial Recovery ◽  
Noneconomic Damages

The United States is in its fifth year of what is now widely referred to as “the new medical malpractice crisis.” Although some professional liability insurers have begun to report improvements in their overall financial margins, there are few signs that the trend toward higher costs is reversing itself - particularly for doctors and hospitals. In 2003-2004, the presidential election and tort reform proposals in Congress brought heightened public attention to the need for some type of policy intervention to ease the effects of the crisis.The darling of tort reformers at both the federal and state levels has been legislation to limit, or “cap,” damages awarded to plaintiffs in malpractice cases. Health care provider groups, liability insurers, and the Bush Administration have all seized on the example of California's MICRA law, which since 1975 has capped noneconomic damages in malpractice cases at a flat $250,000, as the path to financial recovery.

scholarly journals Including Social and Behavioral Determinants in Predictive Models: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa Tan ◽  
Elham Hatef ◽  
Delaram Taghipour ◽  
Kinjel Vyas ◽  
Hadi Kharrazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Behavioral Determinants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Improve Health

UNSTRUCTURED In an era of accelerated health information technology capability, health care organizations increasingly use digital data to predict outcomes such as emergency department use, hospitalizations, and health care costs. This trend occurs alongside a growing recognition that social and behavioral determinants of health (SBDH) influence health and medical care use. Consequently, health providers and insurers are starting to incorporate new SBDH data sources into a wide range of health care prediction models, although existing models that use SBDH variables have not been shown to improve health care predictions more than models that use exclusively clinical variables. In this viewpoint, we review the rationale behind the push to integrate SBDH data into health care predictive models and explore the technical, strategic, and ethical challenges faced as this process unfolds across the United States. We also offer several recommendations to overcome these challenges to reach the promise of SBDH predictive analytics to improve health and reduce health care disparities.

scholarly journals The Financial And Cost Accounting Implications Of The Increased Role Of Advanced Nurse Practitioners In U.S. Healthcare

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Paul J. Carruth ◽  
Ann K. Carruth
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Reform ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Healthcare Reform ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The United States ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Centered Care

On March 23, 2010, the Affordable Care Act became law. The need for healthcare reform was prompted by an imperative to reduce the relentless increase in spending on medical care in the United States. One approach to examining and solving the problem of escalating costs is to focus on applying proven principles of evidence-based practice and cost-effectiveness practices to find the least-expensive way to ensure clinical services of acceptable quality without sacrificing patient satisfaction. Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) have positioned themselves to serve an integral role in national health care reform. A successful transformation of the nation's health system will require utilization of all clinicians, including highly qualified APRNs, to provide cost- effective, accessible, patient-centered care. There is extensive, consistent evidence that nurse practitioners (NPs) provide care of equal or better quality at lower cost than comparable services provided by other qualified health professionals. However, current policies in many states prevent NPs from practicing within their full, legally defined scopes of practice. The Office of Technology Assessment's conclusions noted in 1981 that APRNs can be substituted for physicians in a significant portion of medical services with at least similar outcomes. Since then, numerous studies have supported that the care provided is equal to those provided by physicians for services within the overlapping scopes of licensed practice. This paper combines economic analysis with review of literature on health care reform initiatives to explore how the goals of healthcare reform can be accomplished by advanced nurse practitioners to provide their wide range of services directly to patients in a variety of clinical settings. 

scholarly journals Including Social and Behavioral Determinants in Predictive Models: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities

10.2196/18084 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e18084
Author(s):  
Marissa Tan ◽  
Elham Hatef ◽  
Delaram Taghipour ◽  
Kinjel Vyas ◽  
Hadi Kharrazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Behavioral Determinants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Improve Health

In an era of accelerated health information technology capability, health care organizations increasingly use digital data to predict outcomes such as emergency department use, hospitalizations, and health care costs. This trend occurs alongside a growing recognition that social and behavioral determinants of health (SBDH) influence health and medical care use. Consequently, health providers and insurers are starting to incorporate new SBDH data sources into a wide range of health care prediction models, although existing models that use SBDH variables have not been shown to improve health care predictions more than models that use exclusively clinical variables. In this viewpoint, we review the rationale behind the push to integrate SBDH data into health care predictive models and explore the technical, strategic, and ethical challenges faced as this process unfolds across the United States. We also offer several recommendations to overcome these challenges to reach the promise of SBDH predictive analytics to improve health and reduce health care disparities.

Public Attitudes toward Government Spending in the Asia-Pacific Region

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHONG-MIN PARK
Keyword(s):  
Government Spending ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Neoliberal Reform ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mass Publics ◽  
State Contraction

AbstractThis article describes public attitudes toward government spending in Australia, China, India, Japan, Russia, and the United States, the six major economies of the Asia-Pacific region. An analysis of the 2008 AsiaBarometer Survey data shows that ordinary citizens of the sample countries favored increased, rather than reduced, government spending on a wide range of policy programs. It is also found that support for state activism was stronger in former state socialist countries than in market capitalist ones. Although economic interests, symbolic predispositions, and social positions influenced spending preferences to varying degrees, left–right ideology was particularly conspicuous in most countries surveyed. It is evident that the mass publics of the major economies of the Asia-Pacific region did not strongly endorse state contraction or retrenchment, even in the wake of economic globalization and the neoliberal reform movement.

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