scholarly journals Test–retest reliability and sensitivity to change of the dimensional anxiety scales for DSM-5

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Knappe ◽  
Jens Klotsche ◽  
Franziska Heyde ◽  
Sarah Hiob ◽  
Jens Siegert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Sensitivity To Change ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

ObjectiveThis article reports on the test–retest reliability and sensitivity to change of a set of brief dimensional self-rating questionnaires for social anxiety disorder (SAD-D), specific phobia (SP-D), agoraphobia (AG-D), panic disorder (PD-D), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-D), as well as a general cross-cutting anxiety scale (Cross-D), which were developed to supplement categorical diagnoses in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5).MethodsThe German versions of the dimensional anxiety scales were administered to 218 students followed up approximately 2 weeks later (Study 1) and 55 outpatients (23 with anxiety diagnoses) followed-up 1 year later (Study 2). Probable diagnostic status in students was determined by the DIA-X/M-CIDI stem screening-questionnaire (SSQ). In the clinical sample, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) diagnoses were assessed at Time 1 using the DIA-X/M-CIDI. At Time 2, the patient-version of the Clinical Global Impression—Improvement scale (CGI-I) was applied to assess change.ResultsGood psychometric properties, including high test–retest reliability, were found for the dimensional scales except for SP-D. In outpatients, improvement at Time 2 was associated with significant decrease in PD-D, GAD-D, and Cross-D scores.DiscussionMajor advantages of the scales include that they are brief, concise, and based on a consistent template to measure the cognitive, physiological, and behavioral symptoms of fear and anxiety. Further replication in larger samples is needed. Given its modest psychometric properties, SP-D needs refinement.ConclusionIncreasing evidence from diverse samples suggests clinical utility of the dimensional anxiety scales.

scholarly journals Komorbiditas pada anak gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH) pada 20 Sekolah Dasar di Kota Manado

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niluh Dewi Ratnasari ◽  
Theresia M. D. Kaunang ◽  
Anita E. Dundu
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Adhd Children

Abstract: Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the main problems in psychiatry which is often found in children under age of 7 years. ADHD is associated with comorbidities which are: oppositional defiant disorder, conduction disorder, anxiety disorder, depression, and learning disability. This study was aimed to determine the comorbidities in ADHD children. This was a descriptive-quantitative study with a cross sectional design conducted 20 elementary schools in Manado from November 2015 to January 2016. Respondents were students of class 1 to class 6 elementary school aged 6-12 years obtained by using purposive sampling method. Instrument of this study was based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5). The results showed that of the total 5,725 students, there were 611 students that had been screened for ADHD and 143 students (23%) had comorbid of ADHD. Based on gender, there were 82 males (57.3%) and 61 females (42.7%); the highest percentage were age 11 years old (27.3%). The comorbidities were as follows: oppositional defiant disorder (65.7%), conduct disorder (17.5%), autism spectrum disorder (28.7%), anxiety disorder (22.4%), developmental coordination disorder (23.1%), depression disorder (23.1%), physical abuse (11.2%), and emotional abuse (53.8%). Conclusion: The most common comorbidity in children with ADHD at 20 elementary schools in Manado was oppositional defiant disorder.Keywords: comorbidity, ADHD, children, manado Abstrak: Gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH) merupakan salah satu masalah psikiatri utama yang sering ditemukan pada anak di bawah usia 7 tahun. GPPH memiliki keterkaitan dengan komorbiditas. Komorbiditas pada GPPH yang paling sering ialah gangguan menentang oposisional, gangguan konduksi, gangguan kecemasan, depresi, dan ketidakmampuan belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komorbiditas pada anak GPPH. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif-kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan pada 20 sekolah dasar di Kota Manado dari bulan November 2015 sampai Januari 2016. Responden diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling yaitu siswa-siswi kelas 1 sampai kelas 6 sekolah dasar usia 6-12 tahun. Instrumen penelitian komorbiditas yang digunakan berdasarkan Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari keseluruhan 5.725 siswa, yang telah terskrinning GPPH berjumlah 611 siswa, dan 143 siswa (23%) mengalami komorbiditas pada GPPH. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin laki-laki 82 responden (57,3%) dan perempuan 61 responden (42,7%) terbanyak pada usia 11 tahun (27,3%). Hasil komorbiditas ialah sebagai berikut: gangguan perilaku menentang oposisional (65,7%), gangguan konduksi (17,5%), gangguan spektrum autisme (28,7%), gangguan kecemasan (22,4%), gangguan perkembangan koordinasi (23,1%), gangguan depresi (23,1%), gangguan kekerasan fisik (11,2%), dan gangguan kekerasan emosional (53,8%). Simpulan: Komorbiditas terbanyak pada anak dengan GPPH yang ditemukan pada 20 sekolah dasar di Kota Manado ialah gangguan menentang oposisional.Kata kunci: komorbiditas, GPPH, anak, Manado

Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders Through the Lens of an Empirical Network Model

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319111989711
Author(s):  
Carmen Díaz-Batanero ◽  
Antón Aluja ◽  
Pablo Sayans-Jiménez ◽  
Eva Baillés ◽  
Fermín Fernández-Calderón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Normative Sample ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Personality Facets ◽  
New Perspective

The Alternative Model for Personality Disorders defined in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth edition ( DSM-5) has recently attracted considerable interest in empirical research, with different hypotheses being proposed to explain the discordant results shown in previous research. Empirical network analysis has begun to be applied for complementing the study of psychopathological phenomena according to a new perspective. This article applies this analysis to personality facets measured in a sample of 626 patients with mental disorders and a 1,034 normative sample, using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. The results reveal five substructures partially equivalent to domains defined in the DSM-5. Discordant facets (suspiciousness, hostility, rigid perfectionism, attention seeking, and restricted affectivity) play the role of connectors between substructures. Invariance between clinical and community networks was found except for the connection between unusual beliefs and perceptual dysregulation (stronger in the clinical sample). Considering the strength centrality index, anxiousness, emotional lability, and depressivity can be highlighted for their relative importance within both clinical and normative networks.

Angststörungen – von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Timo D. Vloet ◽  
Marcel Romanos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Nach 12 Jahren Entwicklung wird die 11. Version der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) im Januar 2022 in Kraft treten. Methodik: Im Rahmen eines selektiven Übersichtsartikels werden die Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Klassifikation von Angststörungen von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11 zusammenfassend dargestellt. Ergebnis: Die diagnostischen Kriterien der generalisierten Angststörung, Agoraphobie und spezifischen Phobien werden angepasst. Die ICD-11 wird auf Basis einer Lebenszeitachse neu organisiert, sodass die kindesaltersspezifischen Kategorien der ICD-10 aufgelöst werden. Die Trennungsangststörung und der selektive Mutismus werden damit den „regulären“ Angststörungen zugeordnet und können zukünftig auch im Erwachsenenalter diagnostiziert werden. Neu ist ebenso, dass verschiedene Symptomdimensionen der Angst ohne kategoriale Diagnose verschlüsselt werden können. Diskussion: Die Veränderungen im Bereich der Angsterkrankungen umfassen verschiedene Aspekte und sind in der Gesamtschau nicht unerheblich. Positiv zu bewerten ist die Einführung einer Lebenszeitachse und Parallelisierung mit dem Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die entwicklungsbezogene Neuorganisation in der ICD-11 wird auch eine verstärkte längsschnittliche Betrachtung von Angststörungen in der Klinik sowie Forschung zur Folge haben. Damit rückt insbesondere die Präventionsforschung weiter in den Fokus.

Diagnoses, Dimensions, and DSM-5

2010 ◽  
pp. 254-279
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Widiger ◽  
Maryanne Edmundson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) is often said to have provided a significant paradigm shift in how psychopathology is diagnosed. The authors of DSM-5 have the empirical support and the opportunity to lead the field of psychiatry to a comparably bold new future in diagnosis and classification. The purpose of this chapter is to address the validity of the categorical and dimensional models for the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology. Considered in particular will be research concerning substance use disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders. Limitations and concerns with respect to a dimensional classification of psychopathology are also considered. The chapter concludes with a recommendation for a conversion to a more quantitative, dimensional classification of psychopathology.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form in Chinese undergraduate students and clinical patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panwen Zhang ◽  
Zirong Ouyang ◽  
Shulin Fang ◽  
Jiayue He ◽  
Lejia Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background: The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form (PID-5-BF) is a 25-item measuring tool evaluating maladaptive personality traits for the diagnosis of personality disorders(PDs). As a promising scale, its impressive psychometric properties have been verified in some countries, however, there have no studies about the utility of PID-5-BF in Chinese settings. The current study aimed to explore the maladaptive personality factor model which was culturally adapted in China and examine psychometric properties of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form among Chinese undergraduate students and clinical patients.Methods: 7155 undergraduate students and 451 clinical patients completed the Chinese version of PID-5-BF. 228 students were chosen randomly for test-retest reliability at a 4-week interval. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to discover the most suitable construct in Chinese, measurement invariance(MI), internal consistency, and external validity were also calculated.Results: An exploratory six-factor model was supported more suitable in both samples(Undergraduate sample: CFI = 0.905, TLI = 0.888, RMSEA = 0.044, SRMR = 0.039; Clinical sample: CFI = 0.904, TLI = 0.886, RMSEA = 0.047, SRMR = 0.060), adding a new factor“Interpersonal Relationships”. Measurement invariance across non-clinical and clinical sample was established (configural, weak, strong MI, and partial strict MI). Aside from acceptable internal consistency (Undergraduate sample: alpha=0.84, MIC=0.21; Clinical sample: alpha=0.86, MIC=0.19) and test-retest reliability(0.73), the association with 220-item PID-5 was significant(r = 0.93, p < 0.01), and six PDs measured by Personality diagnostic questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) were correlated with expected domains of PID-5-BF.Conclusions: The PID-5-BF is a convenient and useful screening tool for personality disorders with a novel six-factor model in Chinese settings, with the main difference for the Negative Affect domain.

Gender Dysphoria

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lancer Naghdechi ◽  
Atef Bakhoum ◽  
Waguih William IsHak
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Gender Identity Disorder ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Sexual Reassignment Surgery

In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), gender dysphoria (GD), previously known as gender identity disorder, is defined as distress or impairment in psychosocial, occupational, educational, or other areas of life due to a perceived disagreement between a person’s assigned gender, natal gender, and the gender currently experienced or expressed for at least 6 months. The DSM-5 mentions that one’s experienced gender may be outside of binary gender stereotypes. Diagnostic criteria are different for GD in children and in adolescents/adults. This review covers the definition, epidemiology, etiology/genetics, clinical manifestations, and studies/tests/treatments related to GD. Tables list the diagnostic criteria for GD and definitions of common terms. This review contains 2 tables and 30 references Key words: DSM-5, gender dysphoria, sexual reassignment surgery

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