scholarly journals Comparison of Safety and Tolerability of Deutetrabenazine During Titration and Maintenance in Patients with Tardive Dyskinesia

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-180
Author(s):  
Amanda Wilhelm ◽  
Karen E. Anderson ◽  
Hubert H. Fernandez ◽  
Hadas Barkay ◽  
Nayla Chaijale ◽  
...  

AbstractBackgroundDeutetrabenazine is approved to treat tardive dyskinesia (TD) in adults and is titrated weekly by 6 mg/day, from 12 to 48 mg/day, based on dyskinesia control and tolerability. This analysis compared the safety of deutetrabenazine during titration versus maintenance.MethodsSafety was assessed during titration versus maintenance using integrated data from two 12-week placebo-controlled studies (ARM-TD and AIM-TD) and the open-label extension study. Rates were compared for overall and serious adverse events (AEs), AEs leading to discontinuation, treatment-related AEs, common AEs (≥4%), and specific AEs (parkinsonism, suicidal ideation, akathisia, restlessness).ResultsIn titration versus maintenance, AE rates with placebo (n=130) were: overall, 43.1% vs 25.4%; serious, 4.6% vs 2.3%; leading to discontinuation, 3.1% vs 0; treatment-related, 26.9% vs 10.0%. For placebo, common AEs during titration were somnolence, headache, nausea, fatigue, and dry mouth; none occurred during maintenance. In titration versus maintenance, AE rates in fixed-dose deutetrabenazine 12–36 mg (n=216) were: overall, 33.3–38.9% vs 22.2–29.2%; serious, 2.8–6.9% vs 0–1.4%; leading to discontinuation, 2.8–5.6% vs 0; treatment-related, 8.3–16.7% vs 8.3–13.9%. For fixed-dose deutetrabenazine, common AEs during titration were headache, diarrhea, nasopharyngitis, depression, hypertension, and dry mouth; headache was the only common AE during maintenance. In titration versus maintenance, AE rates with flexible-dose deutetrabenazine (n=168) were: overall, 49.4% vs 32.7%; serious, 3.6% vs 2.4%; leading to discontinuation, 2.4% vs 0.6%. For flexible-dose deutetrabenazine, the only common AE during titration was somnolence; none occurred during maintenance. Rates of parkinsonism, suicidal ideation, akathisia, and restlessness were low and comparable in titration and maintenance.ConclusionsDeutetrabenazine was well-tolerated, with AE rates similar to placebo during both phases; AE rates were higher during titration and decreased during maintenance.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 2065-2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa K Stamp ◽  
Peter T Chapman ◽  
Murray Barclay ◽  
Anne Horne ◽  
Christopher Frampton ◽  
...  

ObjectivesTo determine the long-term safety and efficacy of allopurinol dose escalation (DE) to achieve target serum urate (SU) in gout.MethodsPeople, including those with chronic kidney disease, who completed the first 12 months of a randomised controlled trial continued into a 12-month extension study. Participants randomised to continue current dose for the first 12 months began allopurinol DE at month 12 if SU was ≥6 mg/dL (control/DE). Immediate DE participants who achieved target SU maintained allopurinol dose (DE/DE). The primary endpoints were reduction in SU and adverse events (AEs) at month 24.ResultsThe mean (SE) change in SU from month 12 to 24 was −1.1 (0.2) mg/dL in control/DE and 0.1 (0.2) mg/dL in DE/DE group (p<0.001). There was a significant reduction in the percentage of individuals having a gout flare in the month prior to months 12 and 24 compared with baseline in both groups and in mean tophus size over 24 months, but no difference between randomised groups. There were similar numbers of AEs and serious adverse events between groups.ConclusionsThe majority of people with gout tolerate higher than creatinine clearance-based allopurinol dose and achieve and maintain target SU. Slow allopurinol DE may be appropriate in clinical practice even in those with kidney impairment.Trial registration numberACTRN12611000845932


2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 799-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Ogata ◽  
Koichi Amano ◽  
Hiroaki Dobashi ◽  
Masayuki Inoo ◽  
Tomonori Ishii ◽  
...  

Objective.To evaluate the longterm safety and efficacy of subcutaneous tocilizumab (TCZ-SC) as monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Of 346 patients who received 24 weeks of double-blind treatment with either TCZ-SC monotherapy, 162 mg every 2 weeks (q2w); or intravenous TCZ (TCZ-IV) monotherapy, 8 mg/kg every 4 weeks; 319 patients continued to receive TCZ-SC q2w in the 84-week open-label extension (OLE) of the MUSASHI study (JAPICCTI-101117). Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity were evaluated for all patients treated with TCZ during 108 weeks.Results.The proportions of patients who achieved American College of Rheumatology 20/50/70 responses, low disease activity [28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) ≤ 3.2], or remission (DAS28 < 2.6) at Week 24 were maintained until Week 108. The incidences of adverse events and serious adverse events were 498.3 and 16.9 per 100 patient-years (PY), respectively. The overall safety of TCZ-SC monotherapy was similar to that of TCZ-IV monotherapy. Rates of injection site reactions (ISR) through 108 weeks remained similar to rates through 24 weeks. ISR were mild and did not cause any patient withdrawals. No serious hypersensitivity events (including anaphylactic reactions) occurred. Anti-TCZ antibodies were present in 2.1% of patients treated with TCZ-SC monotherapy.Conclusion.TCZ-SC monotherapy maintained a favorable safety profile and consistent efficacy throughout the 108-week study. Like TCZ-IV, TCZ-SC could provide an additional treatment option for patients with RA.


CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-156
Author(s):  
Nayla Chaijale ◽  
Joseph Bona ◽  
Hadas Barkay ◽  
Amanda Wilhelm ◽  
Mark Forrest Gordon

AbstractBackgroundThere are no established treatment guidelines for tardive dyskinesia (TD) based on movement severity. The 12-week ARM-TD and AIM-TD studies in TD patients with baseline Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) total score (items 1–7) ≥6 showed clinically significant improvements in AIMS score with deutetrabenazine versus placebo. Patients who completed these studies were eligible for the open-label extension (OLE) trial. This post-hoc analysis evaluated deutetrabenazine in TD patients with severe movements.MethodsSubgroups were defined by upper quartile of baseline total AIMS score (local rating). Endpoints were: change and percent change from baseline in AIMS score, and percent of patients achieving ≥50% AIMS reduction from baseline.Results337 patients were analyzed. The upper quartile of baseline total AIMS score was 14. Subgroups were defined as >14 and ≤14 at baseline, respectively (n=64 vs 273); data are presented at Week 145 (n=40 vs 120). Mean treatment duration was 880.5 and 760.8 days. Mean±SE daily doses were 41.1±1.6mg and 38.9±1.0mg. Mean±SE change from baseline in AIMS score was –11.0±0.8 versus –5.1±0.3; percent change from baseline was –60.1%±3.6% versus –55.9%±3.0%. More patients with AIMS score >14 had ≥50% AIMS reduction (73% vs 65%). Less patients discontinued (38% vs 51%); reasons included withdrawal by subject (16% vs 25%), adverse event (3% vs 11%), and lost to follow-up (6% vs 7%). Withdrawal due to lack of efficacy was uncommon (5% vs 2%).ConclusionsPatients with baseline total AIMS score >14 had clinically meaningful reductions in AIMS score, suggesting deutetrabenazine has long-term benefit in these patients.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel


CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-162
Author(s):  
Robert A. Hauser ◽  
Hadas Barkay ◽  
Hubert H. Fernandez ◽  
Stewart A. Factor ◽  
Joohi Jimenez-Shahed ◽  
...  

AbstractBackgroundThe 12-week ARM-TD and AIM-TD studies in tardive dyskinesia (TD) patients showed statistically significant improvements in TD symptoms with deutetrabenazine. The completed open-label extension (OLE) study (SD-809-C−20) evaluated long-term efficacy and safety of deutetrabenazine in TD.MethodsPatients who completed ARM-TD or AIM-TD enrolled in the OLE study, with deutetrabenazine dose titrated based on dyskinesia control and tolerability. Change from baseline in Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) score was assessed by local site raters. Treatment success was evaluated locally as patients being “much improved” or “very much improved” on Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC).Results343 patients enrolled in the OLE study; 6 patients were excluded from analyses. At Week 54 (n=249; dose [mean±SE]: 38.7±0.66mg/day), mean change from baseline in AIMS score was –4.8±0.28; 66% of patients experienced treatment success. At Week 106 (n=194; dose: 39.3±0.75mg/day), mean change from baseline in AIMS score was –5.4±0.33; 65% of patients experienced treatment success. At Week 145 (n=160; dose: 39.4±0.83mg/day), mean change from baseline in AIMS score was –6.6±0.37; 73% of patients experienced treatment success. Treatment was generally well tolerated across 723 patient-years of exposure through Week 158, and exposure-adjusted incidence rates (incidence/patient-years) for akathisia/restlessness were 0.01, somnolence/sedation were 0.07, and symptoms which may represent parkinsonism or depression were 0.08 each.ConclusionsPatients who received long-term treatment with deutetrabenazine achieved sustained improvement in AIMS scores. Findings from this open-label trial with response-driven dosing suggest the possibility of increasing benefit over time.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel


CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-158
Author(s):  
Martha Sajatovic ◽  
Amanda Wilhelm ◽  
Stacy Finkbeiner ◽  
Hadas Barkay ◽  
Nayla Chaijale ◽  
...  

AbstractBackgroundTardive dyskinesia (TD) is an involuntary movement disorder that is more prevalent in older patients. However, there is limited information on TD treatment for this population. In two 12-week pivotal trials (ARM-TD and AIM-TD), TD patients demonstrated significant improvements in Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) score with deutetrabenazine versus placebo.MethodsPatients who completed ARM-TD or AIM-TD enrolled in an open-label extension (OLE) study. This post hoc analysis assessed change and percent change from baseline in AIMS score, response rates for ≥50% AIMS improvement, Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC), and safety in younger (<55 years) and older (≥55 years) patients.ResultsThis analysis included 119 younger and 218 older patients enrolled in the OLE. Data presented at Week 145 (mean±SE): total deutetrabenazine dose was 39.4±1.39mg/day and 39.5±1.04mg/day in younger and older patients, respectively. Changes from baseline in AIMS score were –6.7±0.62 and –6.5±0.47, respectively (percent changes of –61.4%±4.10% and –54.6%±3.01%). The majority of younger and older patients achieved treatment success per CGIC (67% and 76%) and PGIC (64% and 63%) and achieved ≥50% AIMS response (76% and 62%). Deutetrabenazine was generally well tolerated in both groups. Exposure-adjusted incidence rates (incidence/patient-years) were <0.01 and 0.02 for akathisia, 0.07 (both) for somnolence and sedation, 0.04 and 0.11 for parkinson-like events, and 0.06 and 0.09 for depression in younger and older patients, respectively.ConclusionsDeutetrabenazine treatment was associated with sustained improvements in AIMS score and was well tolerated in both younger and older TD patients.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001649
Author(s):  
John B Buse ◽  
Bruce W Bode ◽  
Ann Mertens ◽  
Young Min Cho ◽  
Erik Christiansen ◽  
...  

IntroductionThe PIONEER 7 trial demonstrated superior glycemic control and weight loss with once-daily oral semaglutide with flexible dose adjustment versus sitagliptin 100 mg in type 2 diabetes. This 52-week extension evaluated long-term oral semaglutide treatment and switching from sitagliptin to oral semaglutide.Research design and methodsA 52-week, open-label extension commenced after the 52-week main phase. Patients on oral semaglutide in the main phase continued treatment (n=184; durability part); those on sitagliptin were rerandomized to continued sitagliptin (n=98) or oral semaglutide (n=100; initiated at 3 mg) (switch part). Oral semaglutide was dose-adjusted (3, 7, or 14 mg) every 8 weeks based on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (target <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol)) and tolerability. Secondary endpoints (no primary) included changes in HbA1c and body weight.ResultsIn the durability part, mean (SD) changes in HbA1c and body weight from week 0 were –1.5% (0.8) and –1.3% (1.0) and –2.8 kg (3.8) and –3.7 kg (5.2) at weeks 52 and 104, respectively. In the switch part, mean changes in HbA1c from week 52 to week 104 were –0.2% for oral semaglutide and 0.1% for sitagliptin (difference –0.3% (95% CI –0.6 to 0.0); p=0.0791 (superiority not confirmed)). More patients achieved HbA1c <7.0% with oral semaglutide (52.6%) than sitagliptin (28.6%; p=0.0011) and fewer received rescue medication (9% vs 23.5%). Respective mean changes in body weight were –2.4 kg and –0.9 kg (difference –1.5 kg (95% CI –2.8 to –0.1); p=0.0321). Gastrointestinal adverse events were the most commonly reported with oral semaglutide.ConclusionsLong-term oral semaglutide with flexible dose adjustment maintained HbA1c reductions, with additional body weight reductions, and was well tolerated. Switching from sitagliptin to flexibly dosed oral semaglutide maintained HbA1c reductions, helped more patients achieve HbA1c targets with less use of additional glucose-lowering medication, and offers the potential for additional reductions in body weight.Trial registration numberNCT02849080.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Huang ◽  
Lishun Liu ◽  
Yun Song ◽  
Lan Gao ◽  
Min Zhao ◽  
...  

Abstract Background This study aimed to test the feasibility and titration methods to achieve specific BP control targets in hypertensive patients of rural China. Methods A randomized, controlled, open-label trial was conducted in Rongcheng, China. We enrolled 105 hypertensive participants aged over 60 years, and who had no history of stroke and cardiovascular disease. The patients were randomly assigned to one of three systolic BP target groups: standard: 140 - < 150mmHg; moderately intensive: 130 - < 140mmHg; and intensive: <130mmHg. Patients were followed for 6 months. Discussion The optimal target for SBP lowering is still uncertain worldwide and such information is critically needed, especially in China. However, in China the rates of awareness, treatment and control are only 46.9%, 40.7% and 15.3%, respectively. It is challenging to achieve BP control in the real world and it is very important to develop population-specific BP control protocols that fully consider the population’s characteristics, such as age, sex, socio-economic status, compliance, education level and lifestyle. This randomized trial showed feasibility and safety of the titration protocol to achieve desirable SBP targets (<150, <140, and <130mmHg) in a sample of rural Chinese hypertensive patients. The three BP target groups had similar baseline characteristics. After 6 months of treatment, the mean SBP measured at an office visit was 137.2mmHg, 131.1mmHg, and 124.2mmHg in the three groups. Home BP and central aortic BP measurements were also obtained. At 6 months, home BP measurements (2 hours after drug administration) showed a mean SBP of 130.9 mmHg in the standard group, 124.9 mmHg in the moderately intense group, and 119.7 mmHg in the intensive group. No serious adverse events were recorded over the 6-month study period. Rates of adverse events including dry cough, palpitations, and arthralgia were low and showed no significant differences between the three groups. This trial gained real world experience and laid the foundation for a future large-scale BP target study.


2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 524-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Kloner ◽  
Coleman Gross ◽  
Jinwei Yuan ◽  
Ansgar Conrad ◽  
Pablo E. Pergola

Introduction: Hyperkalemia (potassium >5.0 mEq/L) affects heart failure patients with renal disease regardless of the use of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi). The open-label TOURMALINE study showed that patiromer, a sodium-free, nonabsorbed potassium binder, lowers serum potassium of hyperkalemic patients similarly when given with or without food; unlike prior studies, patients were not required to be taking RAASi. We conducted post hoc analyses to provide the first report of patiromer in patients not taking RAASi. Methods: Hyperkalemic patients received patiromer, 8.4 g/d to start, adjusted to achieve and maintain serum potassium of 3.8 to 5.0 mEq/L. If taking RAASi, stable doses were required. The primary end point was the proportion of patients with serum potassium 3.8 to 5.0 mEq/L at week 3 or 4. This analysis presents data by patients taking or not taking RAASi. Results: Demographics and baseline characteristics were similar in patients taking (n = 67) and not taking RAASi (n = 45). Baseline mean (SD) serum potassium was 5.37 (0.37) mEq/L and 5.42 (0.43) mEq/L in patients taking and not taking RAASi, respectively. Mean (SD) daily patiromer doses were similar (10.7 [3.2] and 11.5 [4.0] g, respectively). The primary end point was achieved in 85% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 74-93) of patients taking RAASi and in 84% (95% CI: 71-94) of patients not taking RAASi. From baseline to week 4, the mean (SE) change in serum potassium was −0.67 (0.08) mEq/L in patients taking RAASi and −0.56 (0.10) mEq/L in patients not taking RAASi (both P < .0001 vs baseline, P = nonsignificant between groups). Adverse events were reported in 26 (39%) patients taking RAASi and 25 (54%) not taking RAASi; the most common adverse event was diarrhea (2% and 11%, respectively; no cases were severe). Five patients (2 taking RAASi) reported 6 serious adverse events; none considered related to patiromer. Conclusions: Patiromer was effective and generally well-tolerated for hyperkalemia treatment, whether or not patients were taking RAAS inhibitors.


Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A Gurbel ◽  
Kevin Blide P. P Bliden ◽  
Jeff Patrick Patrick ◽  
Katayoon Saadin Saadin ◽  
Udaya Tantry

Background: High platelet turnover (HPT) is implicated in incomplete platelet inhibition and high platelet reactivity (HPR) during immediate release aspirin therapy in type II diabetes patients (T2DM). Durlaza is a new, extended-release orally administered aspirin formulation developed to provide 24-hour antithrombotic effects with once-daily dosing. Methods: In this open-label, single-center study, T2DM patients (n=40) and a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or multiple CVD risk factors were treated with daily 162.5 mg Durlaza for 14±4 days and adverse events were collected. Antiplatelet effects were determined by conventional aggregation (LTA), Multiplate analyzer, thrombelastography with PlateletMapping, PlateletWorks ,VerifyNow Assay, and serum thromboxane B2 (TxB2) at 1, 12, 16, and 24 hrs after the last dose. HPT was defined as immature platelet fraction of ≥3.0% or MPV≥11.0 fl. Patients exhibiting HPT and/or HPR (based on previously published cutpoints in ≥2 assays) were treated with Durlaza at 325mg for 14± 4 days and platelet function testing was repeated. Results: Prevalence of HPT and HPR was 47% and 27%, respectively. There was no loss of antiplatelet effect at 12, 16 and 24 h versus 1 h by all assays (Table 1). All patients responded to 162.5mg Durlaza as measured by arachidonic acid-induced aggregation with LTA and platelet reactivity levels were low at all timepoints (Table). Serum TxB2 was lower at 12 h (p<0.03) as compared to 1 h after 162.5mg and was lower at all times with the 325 mg vs. the 162.5 mg Durlaza (p < 0.05). HPT did not affect the PD profile of Durlaza (Pts with HPT vs. no HPT, p=NS for all). Patients had no serious adverse events and low treatment related AE rate (<5%). Conclusion: In this first comprehensive assessment, a new, extended-release 162.5 Durlaza provided sustained antiplatelet effects over 24 h in T2DM patients with a favorable safety profile. Doubling the dose further lowered serum TxB2 in pts with HPT and/or HPR.


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