Validation of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) in the Russian Population

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Evdoshenko ◽  
Kristina Laskova ◽  
Maria Shumilina ◽  
Ekaterina Nekrashevich ◽  
Maria Andreeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Objective: Cognitive dysfunction is common in multiple sclerosis (MS). The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) battery of tests has been suggested as a measure for the evaluation of the cognitive status of MS patients. This study aims to validate the BICAMS battery in the Russian population of MS patients. Methods: Age- and sex-matched MS patients (n = 98) and healthy individuals (n = 86) were included in the study. Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test, 2nd edition (CVLT-II) and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test – Revised (BVMT-R) were administered to all participants. The battery was readministered 1 month later to 44 MS patients to investigate the test–retest reliability. Results: MS patients exhibited a significantly lower performance in testing with BICAMS than the control group in all three neuropsychological tests. Test–retest reliability was good for SDMT and CVLT-II (r = .82 and r = .85, respectively) and adequate for BVMT-R (r = .70). Based on the proposed criterion for impairment as z score below 1.5 SD the mean of the control group, we found that 34/98 (35%) of MS patients were found impaired at least in one cognitive domain. Patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale score ≥3.5 performed significantly worse than controls (SDMT, p < .0001; CVLT–II, p = .03; BVMT-R, p = .0004), while those with ≤3.0 scores did not. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the BICAMS battery is a valid instrument to identify cognitive impairment in MS patients and it can be recommended for routine use in the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) in Indonesia and the Correlation with Quality of Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Riwanti Estiasari ◽  
Yuhyi Fajrina ◽  
Diatri Nari Lastri ◽  
Syarli Melani ◽  
Kartika Maharani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Cognitive Evaluation ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Introduction. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can affect cognitive function that might interfere with quality of life. Processing speed and memory are the most common area of cognitive impairment. Cognitive evaluation in daily practice is often difficult to be performed since it needs neuropsychological expert and is time-consuming. Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) is valid and practical for cognitive evaluation. This study aims to validate BICAMS in Indonesian MS patients and healthy controls (HC) and to analyse the effect of cognitive impairment on quality of life. Methods. BICAMS, which composes Symbol Digits Modalities Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), was translated and cross-culturally adapted to Indonesian from the original BICAMS and then administered to 40 Indonesian MS patients and 66 HC matched by sex, age, and education. Test-retest reliability was performed on 16-MS patients and 42 HC. Quality of life was measured using Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life (MSQOL-54) instrument. Results. The SDMT, CVLT-II, and BVMT-R score in MS patients were significantly lower than those in HC (effect size, r: 0.61, 0.36, and 0.47, respectively). Test-retest reliability for all tests was satisfactory with correlation coefficient for SDMT, CVLT-II, and BVMT-R in MS subjects 0.86, 0.81, and 0.83, respectively. Using 5th percentile of HC score as cut-off, 15% MS subjects had impairment in one test, 27.5% in two tests, and 40% in three tests. BICAMS was moderately correlated with EDSS but was not correlated with disease duration and relapse rate. SDMT score correlated with physical function and physical and mental role limitation. Conclusion. BICAMS is valid and reliable for assessing cognitive function of Indonesia MS patients.

scholarly journals The Brief International Cognitive Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS): Validation in Arabic and Lebanese Normative Values

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hala Darwish ◽  
Pia Zeinoun ◽  
Natali Farran ◽  
Husam Ghusn ◽  
Bassem Yamout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Healthy Participants

Abstract Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is often associated with cognitive deficits. Accurate evaluation of the MS patients’ cognitive performance is essential for diagnosis and treatment recommendation. The Brief International Cognitive Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS), widely used cognitive testing battery, examines processing speed, verbal and visuospatial learning, and memory. Our study aims to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the BICAMS and to provide normative values in a Lebanese sample. Method: The BICAMS, comprised of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), and a newly developed verbal learning/memory test, the Verbal Memory Arabic Test (VMAT), were administered on healthy subjects and MS patients. The sample consisted of 180 healthy individuals, of whom 63 were retested after 2–3 weeks. Forty-three MS patients matched with 43 healthy subjects based on age, sex, and years of education were assessed. A sample of 10 MS patients was also examined on two occasions. Test–retest reliability and criterion-related validity were examined, and regression-based norms were derived. Results: The test–retest correlations showed good evidence of reliability with coefficients ranging between 0.64 and 0.73 in the healthy sample, and between 0.43 and 0.92 in the MS sample. The BICAMS was able to discriminate between MS patients and matched healthy participants on the SDMT and BVMT-R. Normative data were comparable to other studies. Conclusions: This new Arabic version of the BICAMS shows initial good psychometric properties. While good evidence of VMAT’s reliability was shown in the healthy participants, less test–retest reliability in this tool was seen in the MS group, and partial criterion-related validity was evident. This renders further examination of the VMAT. We provide regression-based norms for a Lebanese sample and encourage the use of this battery in both research and clinical settings.

scholarly journals A self-administered, artificial intelligence (AI) platform for cognitive assessment in multiple sclerosis (MS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mahdi Khaligh-Razavi ◽  
Maryam Sadeghi ◽  
Mahdiyeh Khanbagi ◽  
Chris Kalafatis ◽  
Seyed Massood Nabavi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment is common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Accurate and repeatable measures of cognition have the potential to be used as markers of disease activity. Methods We developed a 5-minute computerized test to measure cognitive dysfunction in patients with MS. The proposed test – named the Integrated Cognitive Assessment (ICA) – is self-administered and language-independent. 91 MS patients and 83 healthy controls (HC) took part in Substudy 1, in which each participant took the ICA test and the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS). We assessed ICA’s test-retest reliability, its correlation with BICAMS, its sensitivity to discriminate patients with MS from the HC group, and its accuracy in detecting cognitive dysfunction. In Substudy 2, we recruited 48 MS patients, 38 of which had received an 8-week physical and cognitive rehabilitation programme and 10 MS patients who did not. We examined the association between the level of serum neurofilament light (NfL) in these patients and their ICA scores and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) scores pre- and post-rehabilitation. Results The ICA demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (r=0.94), with no learning bias, and showed a high level of convergent validity with BICAMS. The ICA was sensitive in discriminating the MS patients from the HC group, and demonstrated high accuracy (AUC = 95%) in discriminating cognitively normal from cognitively impaired participants. Additionally, we found a strong association (r=-0.79) between ICA score and the level of NfL in MS patients before and after rehabilitation. Conclusions The ICA has the potential to be used as a digital marker of cognitive impairment and to monitor response to therapeutic interventions. In comparison to standard cognitive tools for MS, the ICA is shorter in duration, does not show a learning bias, and is independent of language.

scholarly journals A self-administered, artificial intelligence (AI) platform for cognitive assessment in multiple sclerosis (MS)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mahdi Khaligh-Razavi ◽  
Maryam Sadeghi ◽  
Mahdiyeh Khanbagi ◽  
Chris Kalafatis ◽  
Seyed Massood Nabavi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

AbstractBackgroundCognitive impairment is common in patients with MS. Accurate and repeatable measures of cognition have the potential to be used as a marker of disease activity. We developed a 5-minute computerized test to measure cognitive dysfunction in patients with MS. The proposed test –named Integrated Cognitive Assessment (ICA)– is self-administered and language-independent.ObjectiveTo determine ICA’s validity as a digital biomarker for assessing cognitive performance in MS.Methods91 MS patients and 83 healthy controls (HC) took part in substudy 1, in which each participant took the ICA test and the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS). We assessed ICA’s test-retest reliability, its correlation with BICAMS, its sensitivity to discriminate patients with MS from the HC group, and its accuracy in detecting cognitive dysfunction. In substudy 2, we recruited 48 MS patients, and examined the association between the level of serum neurofilament light (NfL) in these patients and their ICA scores.ResultsICA demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (r=0.94), with no learning bias (i.e. no significant practice effect); and had high level of convergent validity with BICAMS. ICA was sensitive in discriminating the MS patients from the HC group, and demonstrated a high accuracy (AUC = 95%) in discriminating cognitively normal from cognitively impaired participants. Additionally, we found a strong association (r=-0.79) between ICA score and the level of NfL in MS patients.ConclusionsICA can be used as a digital biomarker for assessment and monitoring of cognitive performance in MS patients. In comparison to standard cognitive tools for MS (e.g. BICAMS), ICA is shorter in duration, does not show a learning bias, is independent of language, and takes advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) to identify cognitive status of patients more accurately. Being a digital test, it further has the potential for easier electronic health record or research database integration.

scholarly journals A self-administered, artificial intelligence (AI) platform for cognitive assessment in multiple sclerosis (MS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mahdi Khaligh-Razavi ◽  
Maryam Sadeghi ◽  
Mahdiyeh Khanbagi ◽  
Chris Kalafatis ◽  
Seyed Massood Nabavi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment is common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Accurate and repeatable measures of cognition have the potential to be used as markers of disease activity. Methods We developed a 5-minute computerized test to measure cognitive dysfunction in patients with MS. The proposed test – named the Integrated Cognitive Assessment (ICA) – is self-administered and language-independent. 91 MS patients and 83 healthy controls (HC) took part in Substudy 1, in which each participant took the ICA test and the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS). We assessed ICA’s test-retest reliability, its correlation with BICAMS, its sensitivity to discriminate patients with MS from the HC group, and its accuracy in detecting cognitive dysfunction. In Substudy 2, we recruited 48 MS patients, 38 of which had received an 8-week physical and cognitive rehabilitation programme and 10 MS patients who did not. We examined the association between the level of serum neurofilament light (NfL) in these patients and their ICA scores and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) scores pre- and post-rehabilitation. Results The ICA demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (r=0.94), with no learning bias, and showed a high level of convergent validity with BICAMS. The ICA was sensitive in discriminating the MS patients from the HC group, and demonstrated high accuracy (AUC = 95%) in discriminating cognitively normal from cognitively impaired participants. Additionally, we found a strong association (r=-0.79) between ICA score and the level of NfL in MS patients before and after rehabilitation. Conclusions The ICA has the potential to be used as a digital marker of cognitive impairment and to monitor response to therapeutic interventions. In comparison to standard cognitive tools for MS, the ICA is shorter in duration, does not show a learning bias, and is independent of language.

scholarly journals A self-administered, artificial intelligence (AI) platform for cognitive assessment in multiple sclerosis (MS)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mahdi Khaligh-Razavi ◽  
Maryam Sadeghi ◽  
Mahdiyeh Khanbagi ◽  
Chris Kalafatis ◽  
Seyed Massood Nabavi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Database Integration ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment is common in patients with MS. Accurate and repeatable measures of cognition have the potential to be used as a marker of disease activity. Methods We developed a 5-minute computerized test to measure cognitive dysfunction in patients with MS. The proposed test –named Integrated Cognitive Assessment (ICA)– is self-administered and language-independent. 91 MS patients and 83 healthy controls (HC) took part in substudy 1, in which each participant took the ICA test and the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS). We assessed ICA’s test-retest reliability, its correlation with BICAMS, its sensitivity to discriminate patients with MS from the HC group, and its accuracy in detecting cognitive dysfunction. In substudy 2, we recruited 48 MS patients, and examined the association between the level of serum neurofilament light (NfL) in these patients and their ICA scores. Results ICA demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (r=0.94), with no learning bias (i.e. no significant practice effect); and had high level of convergent validity with BICAMS. ICA was sensitive in discriminating the MS patients from the HC group, and demonstrated a high accuracy (AUC = 95%) in discriminating cognitively normal from cognitively impaired participants. Additionally, we found a strong association (r=-0.79) between ICA score and the level of NfL in MS patients. Conclusions ICA has the potential to be used as a digital biomarker for assessment and monitoring of cognitive performance in MS patients. In comparison to standard cognitive tools for MS (e.g. BICAMS), ICA is shorter in duration, does not show a learning bias, is independent of language, and takes advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) to identify cognitive status of patients more accurately. Being a digital test, it further has the potential for easier electronic health record or research database integration.

scholarly journals Reliability of Visual Temporal Thresholds

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
L N Brown ◽  
M Eliasziw ◽  
L M Metz
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Real Change ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background:Visual processing deficits involving temporal characteristics are typically not captured by the widely used outcome measures (i.e., Expanded Disability Status Scale, Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite) in multiple sclerosis (MS). Visual temporal thresholds (i.e., measurements of the temporal aspects in visual processing) are typically significantly higher (i.e., prolonged) in MS patients when compared to controls. The test-retest reliability of these thresholds was examined in patients with MS.Methods:Visual temporal thresholds were measured in 21 stable MS patients during two separate test sessions. Test-retest reliability and the standard error of measurement were calculated. The threshold of change in visual temporal thresholds in MS patients that would correspond to real change beyond measurement error with 95% certainty was also calculated. For comparisons, a control group (n = 10) was included.Results:The test-retest reliability of this measure of visual temporal thresholds was 0.97. The threshold indicating change beyond chance or measurement error with 95% certainty was 11 ms. Higher thresholds were significantly correlated with longer durations of disease.Conclusions:This measure of visual temporal thresholds has excellent test-retest reliability and a change of greater than 11 ms is highly likely to represent real change in MS patients. The findings indicate that these measurements may provide useful clinical information about functional changes regarding the temporal aspects of the visual system, which is currently not captured by the Extended Disability Status Scale.

scholarly journals Cognitive Impairment Impacts Exercise Effects on Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Rademacher ◽  
Niklas Joisten ◽  
Sebastian Proschinger ◽  
Wilhelm Bloch ◽  
Roman Gonzenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Impaired Cognition

Purpose: Exercise training reveals high potential to beneficially impact cognitive performance in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Research indicates that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has potentially higher effects on physical fitness and cognition compared to moderate continuous exercise. This study (i) compares the effects of a 3-week HIIT and moderate continuous exercise training on cognitive performance and cardiorespiratory fitness of pwMS in an overall analysis and (ii) investigates potential effects based on baseline cognitive status in a subgroup analysis.Methods: Seventy-five pwMS were randomly assigned to an intervention (HIIT: 5 × 1.5-min intervals at 95–100% HRmax, 3 ×/week) or active control group (CG: 24 min continuous exercise at 65% HRmax, 3 ×/week). Cognitive performance was assessed pre- and post-intervention with the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS). (I) To examine potential within (time) and interaction (time × group) effects in the overall analysis, separate analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) were conducted. (II) For the subgroup analysis, participants were divided into two groups [intact cognition or impaired cognition (&gt;1.5 standard deviation (SD) compared to healthy, age-matched norm data in at least one of the three tests of the BICAMS]. Potential impacts of cognitive status and intervention were investigated with multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA).Results: Overall analysis revealed significant time effects for processing speed, verbal learning, rel. VO2peak, and rel. power output. A time*group interaction effect was observed for rel. power output. Subgroup analysis indicated a significant main effect for cognition (impaired cognition vs. intact cognition). Subsequent post-hoc analysis showed significant larger effects on verbal learning in pwMS with impaired cognition.Conclusion: Current results need to be confirmed in a powered randomized controlled trial with cognitive performance as primary endpoint and eligibility based on cognitive performance that is assessed prior to study inclusion.

scholarly journals A validation study for remote testing of cognitive function in multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 135245852093738
Author(s):  
Lisa F Barcellos ◽  
Mary Horton ◽  
Xiaorong Shao ◽  
Kalliope H Bellesis ◽  
Terrence Chinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Remote Testing ◽  
Remote Assessment ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Objectives: Determine the validity and reliability of a remote, technician-guided cognitive assessment for multiple sclerosis (MS), incorporating the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition (CVLT-II). Methods: In 100 patients, we compared conventional in-person testing to remote, web-assisted assessments, and in 36 patients, we assessed test–retest reliability using two equivalent, alternative forms. Results: In-person and remote-administered SDMT ( r = 0.85) and CVLT-II ( r = 0.71) results were very similar. Reliability was adequate and alternative forms of SDMT ( r = 0.92) and CVLT-II ( r = 0.81) produced similar results. Conclusions: Findings indicate remote assessment can provide valid, reliable measures of cognitive function in MS.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of the Georgian-language Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazibrola Botchorishvili ◽  
Nino Shiukashvili ◽  
Nina Mikeladze ◽  
Ann Dzagnidze ◽  
Nino Miqava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background: Cognitive impairment is one of the common features of multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite high prevalence, cognitive decline is often overlooked by neurologists. The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) was therefore introduced by the international expert committee as a brief and effective tool for the assessment and monitoring of cognitive functions in patients with MS. The validity and reliability of BICAMS have been demonstrated in many countries. Our aim was to validate the BICAMS in Georgian patients with MS.Methods: A total of 68 patients with MS and 68 matched controls were assessed by the Georgian-language BICAMS. All healthy controls and seven patients were re-evaluated with identical tests to assess retest reliability. Results: In comparison to healthy controls, patients with MS performed significantly worse on all tests in the assessment battery. Test-retest reliability measures were good for all tests. The prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients with MS was 43%. Conclusion: The Georgian-language BICAMS is a reliable and valid battery for the assessment of cognitive function in patients with MS.

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