Reading “Suluk Wayang”: Javanese Shadow Puppets, “Nala”-Vision, Private Self, Bodily Self

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-186
Author(s):  
Matthew Isaac Cohen

AbstractWayang kulit (shadow puppet theatre; henceforth “wayang”) as practiced in Java (Indonesia) has been recognized by exegetes – European and Indonesian alike – for its centrality as both a performative vehicle for and a symbolic figuration of understandings of the human developmental cycle, the variety of character models available to individuals, the precarious balance of chaos and stability in society, and kinship dialectics of conflict and complementariness. It is Java's most complex art form, in terms of dramaturgy, music, and repertoire, and also one of its most highly mediated. The beginning of what I would like to discuss is located at the end of Ward Keeler's exemplary ethnography of Central Javanese wayang and the dialogical play of selves and others in relations of hierarchy. Keeler concludes his evocative account of Javanese selves and theatre (and here I paraphrase) with the statement that “the peculiar fascination” of the dhalang in Javanese culture stems from his ability to dissimulate his self in performance. The puppeteer's voice is splintered, his presence veiled by a screen and mediated by puppets and the constraints of tradition, and his authority derived from indirect relations to a ritual sponsor, the Javanese autarchy, the ancestors, and the unseen world. “He is at once a dissembled authority, one whose power is great, non-coercive, and unworldly, and a dissembled interpreter, one who mediates between an unreal but persuasive and distracting world, and our own”.

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
John Bell

Donald Vestal's 1930s puppet theatre production of a Gertrude Stein play, Identity, or I Am I Because My Little Dog Knows Me, marked a confluence of Midwest modernism, the resources of the Federal Theatre Project, the development of American puppet theatre as a modernist art form, and the coincidental presence of Stein, Vestal, Thornton Wilder, Bil Baird, and other artists of 1930s Chicago.


2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-57
Author(s):  
MATTHEW ISAAC COHEN

Doomsayers and traditionalists prognosticate that the dominance of digital media spells the end of traditional arts in Java, Indonesia.Wayang kulit(shadow puppet theatre), while still highly regarded as theatrical heritage, is said to be under particular threat due to the long duration of its plays, complexity of language and the need for prior knowledge of characters and situations. Such features are at odds with the short attention spans and need for instant comprehension and gratification of Gen Z – the youth referred to in Indonesian media as inhabitingjaman now(literally the ‘era of now’). While digital social media, including Facebook and YouTube, definitely offer up alternative forms of entertainment and amusement, they are also being used by traditional puppet practitioners to reinforce and expand communities of practice. Facebook provides platforms for comparative discussion and critical debate, while YouTube potentiates the inclusion of a geographically dispersed audience, including overseas workers.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Oussoren

For five years now, Stichting Droomtheater has been producing interdisciplinary puppet theatre and organizing presentations and workshops featuring shadow theatre. In conjunction with various narrative techniques, this ancient Chinese art form offers great possibilities for small-scale theatre shows and workshops for special target groups. The audiences are easily captured, fascinated and motivated to participate in the creative, interactive sessions following the theatre shows.


2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Mohammad Isa Pramana Koesoemadinata

Wayang tradition with its Indian epics of Mahabharata and Ramayana adaptations is the Indonesian high culture acknowledged by UNESCO since 2003. Its stories and characterizations has become philosophical, moral ethics and character learning for the young generations. Those Indian epics have acculturated in every aspect of theatrical and visual arts which are presented in shadow puppet theatre. As the part of traditional visual art, the visual aspect of wayang puppet consists of particular and systematic patterns (systems), in relation to role and characterization. In accordance with technological development, the famous epics of wayang are presented through popular modern media such as comic. Comic art is a popular media which adored by children and teenagers due to its visual narrative appeal. Many Indonesian comic artists such as Ardisoma, R.A. Kosasih, Oerip and Teguh Santosa adopt wayang epics through their own styles. The later artist, Teguh Santosa with his unique visual styles, has contributed color in wayang genre of Indonesian comic. Mostly, parallelities between Teguh’s style and the visual system of wayang role and characterization are detected. This paper discusses how visual adaptations of protagonists and antagonists wayang characters into Mahabharata comic series created by Teguh take place. Those visual adaptations are compared with the visual system of Javanese wayang puppetry, analyzed qualitative-descriptively with Sociology of Art and Aesthetical Morphology (Art Critic) methods. The results indicate that Teguh comprehends the essence of Javanese wayang’s visual aspect, since he adapted it with his own style yet still retains the visual system of Javanese wayang role and characterization.Tradisi Perwayangan dengan adaptasi wiracarita Mahabharata dan Ramayana adalah budaya adiluhung Indonesia yang sudah diakui UNESCO sejak 2003.  Kisah-kisah dan penokohannya dijadikan model pembelajaran filsafat, etika moral dan karakter kepada generasi muda.  Kisah-kisah tersebut mengalami akulturasi dalam berbagai aspek seni pertunjukan dan senirupa, di mana mereka disajikan dalam pertunjukan wayang kulit.  Rupa boneka wayang kulit sendiri sebagai artefak senirupa tradisi memiliki pola yang khas dan sistematis, terkait dengan aspek perwatakan dan raut peranan tokoh.  Seiring perkembangan zaman, kisah-kisah terkenal Perwayangan seperti Mahabharata dan Ramayana disajikan melalui media modern populer seperti komik.  Komik adalah media populer yang lazim digemari anak-anak dan remaja karena memiliki daya tarik berupa narasi visual.  Banyak komikus Indonesia mengadaptasi kisah perwayangan dengan gayanya masing-masing, seperti Ardisoma, R.A. Kosasih, Oerip, termasuk Teguh Santosa.  Teguh Santosa (1942 – 2000) dengan kekhasan gaya visualnya telah memberikan nuansa tersendiri dalam komik indonesia khususnya genre perwayangan. Terlebih lagi penulis mendapati adanya kesejajaran pola visual antara gaya Teguh dengan pola rupa wayang kulit terkait perwatakan atau raut peranan tokoh.  Tulisan ini mengkaji bagaimana adaptasi visual pada beberapa tokoh wayang protagonis dan antagonis dalam seri komik Mahabharata (1983-1985, 1986-1987) sisipan majalah Ananda dan terbitan Misurind karya Teguh Santosa.  Adaptasi visual tersebut diperbandingkan dengan pola visual wayang kulit Jawa, dianalisis secara kualitatif-deskriptif, dengan pendekatan Sosiologi Seni dan Morfologi Estetik (Kritik Seni).  Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Teguh sebagai komikus memang memahami betul esensi rupa wayang Jawa, karena ia mengadaptasinya dalam komik dengan gaya visualnya sendiri namun tetap mempertahankan pola visual raut peranan dari wayang kulit Jawa.


2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Soetarno Dwijonagoro

Pertunjukan wayang sering dipandang sebagai bahasa simbol kehidupan yang lebih spiritual daripada yang tampak di alam. Konsepsi implisit dalam pawayangan meliputi sikap atau pandangan tentang esensi kehidupan, asal dan tujuan hidup, hubungan antara manusia dengan Tuhan, hubungan antara satu orang dan yang lain, dan hubungan antara manusia dan alam. Sebuah studi tentang nilai-nilai filosofis yang terkandung dalam pagelaran wayang dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan berbagai aspek yang berbeda yaitu: Aspek Metafisik, aspek etis, aspek epistemologis, dan mistisisme. Aspek metafisik mengambil sebagai titik awal keberadaan manusia dan alam sebagai entitas nyata yang dapat ditangkap oleh panca indera. Aspek etika mencoba untuk memahami mengapa kita harus mengikuti prinsip-prinsip moral tertentu, atau bagaimana kita harus mengambil sikap yang bertanggung jawab terhadap berbagai prinsip-prinsip moral. Aspek epistemologis, menghadapi banyak pengetahuan yang perlu diuji, dengan harapan bahwa jika kita  menemukan kebenaran dari suatu pengetahuan yang akan meningkatkan derajat kepastian dan akhirnya tingkat keyakinan kebenaran. Total pemahaman Spiritual Mistisisme adalah suatu kedekatan dan penuh emosi dalam keberadaan realitas mutlak yang penuh rahasia. Sehingga pertunjukan wayang kulit adalah suatu pertunjukan yang lebih dari sekedar sebuah pertunjukan, melainkan memberi makna bagi kehidupan masyarakat.


2016 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Ayzhan Karibaevna Salaeva ◽  

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneng Kriswantoro

Perancangan naskah Sumpah Pralaya ini lebih bersifat eksperimen yang mencoba untuk menggabungkan dua konsep bentuk pertunjukan boneka dua dimensi (wayang kulit) dan tiga dimensi (wayang golek) sebagai media penuangan. Wayang golek dan wayang kulit mempunyai bentuk dan karakter yang berbeda baik secara konsep pertunjukan maupun cara menggerakan. Namun perbedaan ini justru menjadi tantangan yang harus bisa dipecahkan dalam rangka membentuk sebuah pertunjukan yang tetap bisa dipahami oleh penikmatnya. Perancangan ini mengreinterpretasi tokoh Abimanyu supaya menjadi cerita yang ideal untuk dipaparkan dimasyarakat luas. Tema tentang kepahlawanan, keteguhan hati manusia, dan cinta, diharapkan menjadi pelajaran yang berharga bagi penikmatnya. Cerita ini juga dalam rangka memunculkan pitutur-pitutur Jawa untuk dikomunikasikan kembali kepada para penikmat. Setelah memahami cerita ini penikmat diharapkan mendapatkan pencerahan dan pengetahuan tentang kehidupan yang baik. Orientasi dari perancangan ini adalah mencoba untuk menempatkan dan memaknai dimensi dalam sebuah pertunjukan. Pertunjukan ini diharapkan mampu memunculkan dimensi lain yang justru merangsang dan mendorong penikmat kedalam sebuah imajinasi baru yang sebelumnya tidak pernah terpikirkan.Kata kunci: wayang, golek, boneka, abimanyuABSTRACTSumpah Pralaya: Puppet Theatre. The design of The Pralaya Oath represents an experiment which is trying to collaborate the two-dimension puppet and the three-dimension one as a united performance. The two-dimension puppet applied in this design is the wayang kulit (leather puppet), whereas the three-dimension puppet is the wayang golek (wooden puppet). These have different forms and characters in its concept of performance. However, the method to play these puppet scopes has dissimilar features and techniques. This remarkable distinction somehow becomes a challenge for the puppet artists to create an understandable and entertaining art performance. This work entitled The Pralaya Oath is clasified as an effort to reinterpret the character of Abimanyu in the form of a particular story that can be widely well-narated. Heroism, courage, and love knotted in this work are all lessons for people to learn. Moreover, this work is aimed to bring out the Javanese moral values as well. After watching and understanding this work, people are expected to gain both enligment and knowledge of a proper life. The orientation of this work is to attach as well as to interpret these particular dimensions in one stage. Hopefully, this performance is able to emerge other particular performance dimensions that could stimulate and assist people to win a new imagination they never thought before.Keywords: puppet performance, wooden puppet, abimanyu


2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-135
Author(s):  
Joseph Donohue

John McCormick's delightful book The Victorian Marionette Theatre is at once a labor of love, a comprehensive history of a popular art form, an insider's description of the craft by a longtime practitioner, and a nostalgic reminiscence of a nearly forgotten aspect of the Victorian theatre. For all that, the book has an authoritative point of view and a cohesive unity establishing it as one of the most important sources of its kind, complementing George Speaight's more wide-ranging, classic treatment of the subject, The History of the English Puppet Theatre (London: G. G. Harrap, 1955; 2d ed., Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1990) and McCormick's own companion study, coauthored with Bennie Pratasik, Popular Puppet Theatre in Europe, 1800–1914 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998). Those three works anchor a shelf of studies of a major cultural phenomenon.


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