Comparison of laparoscopic and transcervical insemination with frozen semen in Sarda dairy ewes

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cappai ◽  
S. R. Sanna ◽  
A. Branca ◽  
A. Fraghì ◽  
G. Bomboi
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Breeding Scheme ◽  
Return Rates ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Suitable Technique ◽  
Body Condition Scores

AbstractLaparoscopic insemination with frozen-thawed semen is currently used for planned matings in the Sarda breeding programme. In order to find a fast and less intrusive artificial insemination (AI) method that could replace laparoscopic insemination, a field comparison of laparoscopic and transcervical techniques was carried out on 200 mature Sarda ewes. After AI, ewes were assigned to teaser and fertile rams for 2 months. Return rates and cumulative (AI + natural mating) lambing rates were recorded over three subsequent 23-day periods. Lambing rates to AI were significantly different (P < 0·01), and were 62% and 7% respectively for laparoscopic and transcervical AI. Cumulative lambing rates after two further 23-day periods of natural mating were no longer significantly different (P > 0·05) and reached 82% and 74% respectively. Ewes with body condition scores at AI higher than 2·75 showed better overall reproductive performance, but not higher pregnancy rate to AI. Plasma cortisol concentrations, sampled twice, before and after AI, were higher (P < 0·01) in the last sample, suggesting a stress response to insemination. Cortisol levels after AI were lower (P < 0·01) for ewes submitted to transcervical rather than laparoscopic insemination (P < 0·01). However, cortisol levels after AI were no greater than those recorded when ewes were restrained in a milking yoke different from that usually employed. Laparoscopic AI was confirmed as the most suitable technique for insemination offrozen semen in the Sarda breeding scheme.

Platelet serotonin binding and plasma cortisol in panic disorder before and after alprazolam plus behavioral guidance treatment

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
A Tobeña ◽  
X Sanchez ◽  
J Masana ◽  
MJ Martinez de Osaba
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Platelet Serotonin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anxious State ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Normal Controls

SummaryIn 32 patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, Bmax measures of 5-HT binding in platelets did not differ from normal controls at baseline. Plasmatic cortisol levels were significantly higher than controls in the morning and in the evening measures as well as in post-dexamethasone assays. Following an 8-week treatment period with alprazolam plus behavioral guidance encouraging exposure, Bmax values did not alter but cortisol measures diminished significantly. Measures of phobic avoidance were negatively correlated with 5-HT Bmax values. Plasmatic cortisol correlated positively with the number of situational panic attacks in the month before treatment. There were no correlations between cortisol and 5-HT Bmax measures. A possible link between serotonin function and phobic avoidance is discussed. Cortisol changes were interpreted as being related to the global severity of the anxious state.

Effects of neuroleptic treatment on cortisol and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyl glycol levels in blood

1995 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Wik
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Neuroleptic Drug ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Neuroleptic Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Plasma cortisol and serum 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyl glycol (MHPG) were determined before and after 5–6 weeks of neuroleptic treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Following drug treatment both plasma cortisol and serum MHPG levels in patients decreased and plasma cortisol levels were also lower than in unmedicated healthy controls. Indications of a relationship between the reduction of cortisol and MHPG levels were found. The data show that neuroleptic drug treatment inhibits cortisol secretion. It is speculated that this inhibition could be related to reduced noradrenergic activity. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 144, 425–429

Adrenocortical Responsiveness during Courses of Electro-convulsive Therapy

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (522) ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Elithorn ◽  
P. K. Bridges ◽  
J. R. Hodges ◽  
M. T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Close Similarity ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Convulsive Therapy ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Electro Convulsive Therapy

In a previous paper (Hodges, Jones, Elithorn and Bridges, 1964) we reported on adrenocortical activity in depressed and schizophrenic patients as revealed by plasma cortisol levels before and after electro-convulsive therapy (E.C.T.). Close similarity was found between the two groups except for three depressed patients who appeared to show considerably higher cortisol levels after the treatment than did the remaining subjects. The patients were examined at random different treatments during the whole treatment course and it appeared possible, both that the observed cortisol response to E.C.T. might depend partly on which treatment of the series in a whole course was under examination, and also that the response of the illness to therapy might be a significant factor. It was therefore decided to observe in a number of subjects the response to successive treatments throughout courses of E.C.T.

Reproductive performance in the Sheep CRC Information Nucleus using artificial insemination across different sheep-production environments in southern Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 715 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Geenty ◽  
F. D. Brien ◽  
G. N. Hinch ◽  
R. C. Dobos ◽  
G. Refshauge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Birth Type

The present paper covers reproductive performance in an artificial-insemination (AI) program of the Sheep CRC Information Nucleus with 24 699 lambs born at eight locations in southern Australia across five lambings between 2007 and 2011. Results from AI with frozen semen compared well with industry standards for natural mating. Conception rates averaged 72%, and 1.45 lambs were born per ewe pregnant for Merino ewes and 1.67 for crossbreds. Lamb deaths averaged 21% for Merino ewes and 15% for crossbreds and 19%, 22% and 20% for lambs from ewes that were mated to terminal, Merino and maternal sire types, respectively. Net reproductive rates were 82% for Merino ewes and 102% for crossbreds. From 3198 necropsies across 4 years, dystocia and starvation-mismothering accounted for 72% of lamb deaths within 5 days of lambing. Major risk factors for lamb mortality were birth type (single, twin or higher order), birthweight and dam breed. Losses were higher for twin and triplet lambs than for singles and there was greater mortality at relatively lighter and heavier birthweights. We conclude that reproductive rate in this AI program compared favourably with natural mating. Lamb birthweight for optimum survival was in the 4–8-kg range. Crossbred ewes had greater reproductive efficiency than did Merinos.

scholarly journals The effects of natural mating and artificial insemination using cryopreserved buck semen on reproductive performance in Alpine goats

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dehouegnon Jerry Agossou ◽  
Nazan Koluman
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

Abstract. This study compared the effects of natural mating and artificial insemination using frozen buck semen on reproductive performance in Alpine goats. Sixty reproductive Alpine goats were grouped according to natural mating (n=30) and artificial insemination (n=30) breeding methods. Oestrus was synchronised in experimental goats using a vaginal sponge impregnated with 20 mg of progestogen FGA (fluorogestone acetate) for 11 days. At the time of sponge insertion, 150 µg of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) analogue was injected intramuscularly. Forty-eight hours prior to vaginal sponge withdrawal, 500 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) was injected into the animals. At the end of synchronisation protocol, goats were fertilised using frozen semen or mated with a well-performing buck (ratio: 1 male to 5 females). The pregnancy (pregnant/synchronised goats) and mortality rates (P<0.05) were higher (93 % vs. 70 %; 2 % vs. 4 %) in the naturally mated goats than the artificially inseminated group. Kids' live weight at birth was similar (3.83±0.23 and 3.15±0.11 kg) in both groups. The oestrus synchronisation followed by natural mating achieved better reproductive performance than the goats artificially inseminated using frozen semen. However, the artificially inseminated animals displayed an acceptable twinning rate.

Naloxone affects the release of cortisol, but not of vasopressin or oxytocin, in dehydrated sheep

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Thornton ◽  
R. F. Parrott
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Consistent Change ◽  
Naloxone Hydrochloride ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Saline Vehicle ◽  
Naloxone Treatment

Abstract. Ovariectomized ewes (N = 7) were dehydrated for 24 h and then given iv injections of saline vehicle or 8 or 64 mg naloxone hydrochloride in saline. Blood samples were taken by jugular venepuncture before and after dehydration and at intervals during the 90 min period directly following naloxone treatment. Plasma concentrations of AVP, OT and cortisol were measured by radioimmunoassay. Plasma AVP levels and osmolality increased with dehydration, OT concentrations showed no consistent change, and cortisol levels were unaffected. After administration of naloxone, AVP and OT concentrations did not alter. The sampling procedure increased plasma cortisol levels and the duration of this response was prolonged by the 64 mg dose of naloxone.

The effect of method of breeding on reproductive performance in indigenous goats (Capra prisca) mated at the beginning of the breeding season

1989 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Zygoyiannis ◽  
N. Katsaounis ◽  
G. Karatzas
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Mating Group ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Natural Service ◽  
Fresh Semen

ABSTRACTNinety-nine indigenous Greek goats (Capra prisca) on natural pasture were used to study reproductive performance as affected by method of breeding. At the beginning of the breeding season oestrus was induced with 45 mg fluorogestone acetate-impregnated vaginal sponges and 300 to 500 i.u. PMSG, given on day 15. The animals were separated into groups of 33 for mating: (i) by natural service (natural mating); (2) by artificial insemination with fresh semen (AI fresh); and (3) by insemination with frozen semen (AI frozen). Alpine bucks and Alpine semen were used for natural mating and AI of does.No effect of method of breeding was found on gestation length and sex ratio. Reproductive performance was significantly affected by method of breeding; at 21 days after insemination, fertility of does bred with fresh semen (69·7%) was comparable with that obtained with natural mating (72·7%) but the fertility of does bred with frozen semen (48·5%) was much lower. This difference was statistically significant at kidding (P < 0·05). Litter size was 2·14 and 1·86 (P < 0·05) for the AI fresh and AI frozen groups, respectively, and was 1·96 for the natural mating group. More multiple litters were obtained with the AI fresh group (P < 0·05). It is concluded that, induction and synchronization of oestrus and ovulation at the beginning of the breeding season gave reproductive performance with fresh semen comparable to that obtained with natural service, but use of frozen semen gave unsatisfactory results.

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