Effects of neuroleptic treatment on cortisol and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyl glycol levels in blood

1995 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Wik
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Neuroleptic Drug ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Neuroleptic Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Plasma cortisol and serum 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyl glycol (MHPG) were determined before and after 5–6 weeks of neuroleptic treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Following drug treatment both plasma cortisol and serum MHPG levels in patients decreased and plasma cortisol levels were also lower than in unmedicated healthy controls. Indications of a relationship between the reduction of cortisol and MHPG levels were found. The data show that neuroleptic drug treatment inhibits cortisol secretion. It is speculated that this inhibition could be related to reduced noradrenergic activity. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 144, 425–429

Effect of naloxone on oxytocin-induced cortisol decrease in normal men

1985 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Coiro ◽  
P. Chiodera ◽  
G. Rossi ◽  
R. Volpi ◽  
M. Salvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Opioid Peptides ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Opioid Antagonist ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Cortisol Release

Abstract. iv administration of oxytocin decreases plasma ACTH-cortisol levels in normal men. In contrast, naloxone, a specific opioid antagonist, stimulates cortisol release, suggesting that opioid peptides exert an inhibitory control on ACTH-cortisol secretion. The present study was carried out in an attempt to determine whether an opioid pathway mediates oxytocin action; therefore, we evaluated the effect of naloxone on the decrease of cortisol induced by oxytocin. Six normal men were treated iv with oxytocin (2 IU as a bolus), naloxone (4 mg as a bolus plus 10 mg infused for 2 h) or a combination of the 2 drugs. Plasma cortisol levels were determined in samples taken before and 2 h after drug treatment. As expected, administration of oxytocin significantly decreased cortisol secretion, while naloxone had a stimulatory effect on plasma cortisol levels. When oxytocin injection was followed by administration of naloxone, cortisol levels remained unchanged; thus, naloxone abolished a cortisol decrement in response to oxytocin. These findings show that in man oxytocin requires an active opioid system in order to produce its inhibitory action on ACTH-cortisol secretion, suggesting that this effect of oxytocin could be mediated by an opioid pathway.

Autoantibodies reacting with vasopressin and oxytocin in relation to cortisol secretion in major depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 904-904
Author(s):  
F.D. Garcia ◽  
Q. Coquerel ◽  
E. Kiive ◽  
P. Déchelotte ◽  
J. Harro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

IntroductionAbnormal vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) signaling may contribute to the altered activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in major depression; the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain.ObjectiveThis study characterized plasma levels and affinities of OT-and VP-reactive autoantibodies (autoAbs) with relation to disease severity and plasma cortisol response to physical exercise in patients with mild and moderate depression and healthy controls.MethodsPhysical exercise was used to elicit plasma cortisol response in 23 male depressive and 20 healthy subjects. All subjects were evaluated by the MADRS. Plasma levels VP-and OT-reactive IgG, IgA and IgM autoAbs were measured by ELISA, before and after the exercise, and affinity was measured by plasmon resonance.ResultsPlasma levels of OT-and VP-reactive total IgG autoAbs were lower in patients with moderate depression vs. controls and patients with mild depression. Both OT- and VP- free IgG autoAbs levels were negatively correlated with MADRS scores. Affinity values displayed 100 fold variability in both groups. Patients with moderate depression displayed blunted response of cortisol secretion to physical exercise. Baseline levels of VP total IgG and IgM autoAbs correlated negatively and of VP free IgG autoAbs correlated positively with plasma cortisol after physical exercise.ConclusionThese data show that changes of levels but not affinity of OT- and VP- reactive autoantibodies can be associated with the altered mood in subjects with moderate depression and that levels of VP-reactive autoAbs are associated with cortisol secretion.

Platelet serotonin binding and plasma cortisol in panic disorder before and after alprazolam plus behavioral guidance treatment

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
A Tobeña ◽  
X Sanchez ◽  
J Masana ◽  
MJ Martinez de Osaba
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Platelet Serotonin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anxious State ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Normal Controls

SummaryIn 32 patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, Bmax measures of 5-HT binding in platelets did not differ from normal controls at baseline. Plasmatic cortisol levels were significantly higher than controls in the morning and in the evening measures as well as in post-dexamethasone assays. Following an 8-week treatment period with alprazolam plus behavioral guidance encouraging exposure, Bmax values did not alter but cortisol measures diminished significantly. Measures of phobic avoidance were negatively correlated with 5-HT Bmax values. Plasmatic cortisol correlated positively with the number of situational panic attacks in the month before treatment. There were no correlations between cortisol and 5-HT Bmax measures. A possible link between serotonin function and phobic avoidance is discussed. Cortisol changes were interpreted as being related to the global severity of the anxious state.

Reduced Testosterone Levels in Cluster Headache: A Stress-Related Phenomenon?

Cephalalgia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Facchinetti ◽  
Giuseppe Nappi ◽  
Claudio Cicoli ◽  
Giuseppe Micieli ◽  
Michela Ruspa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Related Phenomenon ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Episodic Cluster Headache ◽  
Cortisol Levels

The circadian changes in testosterone (T) and cortisol secretion and morning luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were evaluated in nine episodic cluster headache (CH) patients in active phase and in seven healthy volunteers, with collection of blood samples every 2 h for 24 h. CH showed a significant reduction of the 24-h integrated mean T value (mesor) (4.4 + 1.1 ng/ml; x ± SD) in comparison with controls (6.6 ± 0.8 ng/ml) ( P < 0.0l). Both groups had plasma T circadian rhythm with peak values in early morning, but in CH single cosinor analysis showed its absence in three out of nine CH patients. The rhythm showed an acrophase delay of 101 min in CH. Both patients and controls had a significant circadian rhythm of plasma cortisol concentration. CH patients, however, showed an acrophase delay of 106 min and significantly increased concentrations from 1200 h to 2000 h. Morning LH values were similar in the two groups. The reduced secretion of plasma T in CH patients in the active phase coexisted with an acrophase delay of its circadian rhythm. A similar delay was found in 24-h plasma cortisol levels. We suggest that stress accompanying attack expectancy in the active phase is the mechanism behind the elevated plasma cortisol levels. This in turn could reduce T concentrations, acting at the testicular level. These disturbances in internal chronoorganization support the hypothesis that cluster headache is basically a dyschronic disorder.

Adrenocortical Responsiveness during Courses of Electro-convulsive Therapy

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (522) ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Elithorn ◽  
P. K. Bridges ◽  
J. R. Hodges ◽  
M. T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Close Similarity ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Convulsive Therapy ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Electro Convulsive Therapy

In a previous paper (Hodges, Jones, Elithorn and Bridges, 1964) we reported on adrenocortical activity in depressed and schizophrenic patients as revealed by plasma cortisol levels before and after electro-convulsive therapy (E.C.T.). Close similarity was found between the two groups except for three depressed patients who appeared to show considerably higher cortisol levels after the treatment than did the remaining subjects. The patients were examined at random different treatments during the whole treatment course and it appeared possible, both that the observed cortisol response to E.C.T. might depend partly on which treatment of the series in a whole course was under examination, and also that the response of the illness to therapy might be a significant factor. It was therefore decided to observe in a number of subjects the response to successive treatments throughout courses of E.C.T.

Comparison of laparoscopic and transcervical insemination with frozen semen in Sarda dairy ewes

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cappai ◽  
S. R. Sanna ◽  
A. Branca ◽  
A. Fraghì ◽  
G. Bomboi
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Breeding Scheme ◽  
Return Rates ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Suitable Technique ◽  
Body Condition Scores

AbstractLaparoscopic insemination with frozen-thawed semen is currently used for planned matings in the Sarda breeding programme. In order to find a fast and less intrusive artificial insemination (AI) method that could replace laparoscopic insemination, a field comparison of laparoscopic and transcervical techniques was carried out on 200 mature Sarda ewes. After AI, ewes were assigned to teaser and fertile rams for 2 months. Return rates and cumulative (AI + natural mating) lambing rates were recorded over three subsequent 23-day periods. Lambing rates to AI were significantly different (P < 0·01), and were 62% and 7% respectively for laparoscopic and transcervical AI. Cumulative lambing rates after two further 23-day periods of natural mating were no longer significantly different (P > 0·05) and reached 82% and 74% respectively. Ewes with body condition scores at AI higher than 2·75 showed better overall reproductive performance, but not higher pregnancy rate to AI. Plasma cortisol concentrations, sampled twice, before and after AI, were higher (P < 0·01) in the last sample, suggesting a stress response to insemination. Cortisol levels after AI were lower (P < 0·01) for ewes submitted to transcervical rather than laparoscopic insemination (P < 0·01). However, cortisol levels after AI were no greater than those recorded when ewes were restrained in a milking yoke different from that usually employed. Laparoscopic AI was confirmed as the most suitable technique for insemination offrozen semen in the Sarda breeding scheme.

Psychological stress and cortisol secretion in anhedonic alcoholic men

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 415-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Marra ◽  
D. Warot ◽  
I. Berlin ◽  
E. Hispard ◽  
S. Dally
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Healthy Controls

AbstractWe investigated plasma cortisol in a psychological stress paradigm in seven weaned anhedonic alcoholics in comparison with seven age-matched healthy controls. Alcoholics had significantly higher mean plasma cortisol at baseline and no increase following a psychological stress paradigm. Anhedonic alcoholics judged the experimental situation less agreeable than controls. Anhedonic alcoholics may have blunted cortisol response to psychological stress.

Medroxy-progesterone acetate administration to ovariohysterectomized, oestradiol-primed beagle bitches Effect on secretion of growth hormone, prolactin and cortisol

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Rutteman ◽  
R. Stolp ◽  
A. Rijnberk ◽  
S. Loeffler ◽  
J. A. Bakker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Lysine Vasopressin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
The One ◽  
Short Term Effects

Abstract. Growth hormone (GH), prolactin (Prl) and cortisol secretion was studied in 5 ovariohysterectomized dogs before and after oestradiol implantation and medroxy-progesterone acetate (MPA) administration. MPA was given at regular intervals during a period of 10 months in a total of 12 injections. Short-term effects of oestradiol were restricted to significantly enhanced Prl responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). MPA treatment after oestradiol implantation resulted in significanly elevated basal GH levels in all dogs, with a continuing increase in one dog. Only in the latter dog was a significant decrease in basal Prl levels seen. MPA administration did not significantly change Prl responses to TRH. The GH responses to clonidine were significantly reduced at 9 and 16 weeks of oestradiol and MPA treatment. In the one dog which exhibited the greatest rise in basal GH levels, GH responses were completely abolished at 9, 16 and 43 weeks of oestradiol and MPA treatment. TRH never evoked significant GH responses. Both basal and lysine-vasopressin (LVP)-stimulated cortisol levels were significantly suppressed during combined oestradiol-MPA treatment. These findings denote that in the dog. 1) Oestradiol rapidly induces an enhanced Prl response to TRH. 2) The oestradiol-MPA induced GH overproduction is associated with a reduced responsiveness of GH to clonidine and is not accompanied by GH responsiveness to TRH. 3) Oestradiol-MPA treatment suppresses both basal and LVP-stimulated cortisol secretion.

Changes in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Following Treatment with Mifepristone in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Mackin ◽  
Peter Gallagher ◽  
Stuart Watson ◽  
Allan H. Young ◽  
I. Nicol Ferrier
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Objective: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is stress-responsive and has been implicated in a number of disparate neuropsychiatric disorders. Glucocorticoid antagonists have been shown to have beneficial effects on mood and cognitive function in bipolar disorder but not in schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to investigate BDNF levels in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia before and after treatment with the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone. Methods: Peripheral BDNF levels were measured in patients with bipolar disorder (n=20), schizophrenia (n=20) and 14 matched healthy controls following 7 days of adjunctive mifepristone (600 mg day−1) treatment in a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design study. Results: Baseline BDNF values were similar in both patient groups and in healthy controls. Following treatment with mifepristone, cortisol levels were significantly increased and BDNF levels decreased in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. A significant correlation existed between change in cortisol level and change in BDNF levels following mifepristone treatment in schizophrenia, but not in bipolar disorder. Conclusion: Differing BDNF responses to increasing cortisol levels between patients with schizophrenia and with bipolar disorder may reflect underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.

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