The introduction of lung stereotactic body radiotherapy in the UK… it’s now a reality!

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Needham ◽  
D Hutton ◽  
A Baker
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Image Guided Radiotherapy ◽  
Lung Sbrt ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
Radiotherapy Regime ◽  
The Uk

AbstractLung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a novel and effective technique for the treatment of early stage non small cell lung cancer which is rapidly becoming the radiotherapy regime of choice for those patients unable or unwilling to undergo surgical resection.Although introduced almost 20 years ago, it was not until the wider establishment of image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) techniques that many UK departments first considered and then succeeded in implementing lung SBRT. Many have been assisted in this through membership of the national UK SBRT consortium which aims to facilitate local introduction and to provide guidelines and practical support for the wider radiotherapy community.This article will seek to place the introduction of SBRT within a broad historical context, outline basic principles for safe and effective practice and describe how such principles are currently being pursued in an era of IGRT. Additionally, the role of the UK SBRT consortium in implementation will be reported alongside the results of its first national survey on the subject.

scholarly journals An assessment of the business impacts of the UK’s Enterprise Capital Funds

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1556-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Baldock
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Fund Managers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Scheme Evaluation

Recent European studies present persistently critical views of the under performance of government-backed venture capital (GVC) schemes when compared to their private sector counterparts. However, they assess the performance of outmoded funding models and fail to contextualise the economic development role of these schemes. This paper provides a contemporary assessment of the business impacts of the UK government’s flagship Enterprise Capital Funds VC scheme in addressing the sub-£2 m equity finance gap facing young potential high-growth businesses requiring investments. Supply and demand-side evidence is presented from interviews with ECF fund managers, alternative private VCs, industry experts and surveys of successful and unsuccessful scheme applicants. We find that, despite the limitations of mid-scheme evaluation, Enterprise Capital Funds are addressing the UK equity gap and delivering business employment, revenue and innovation impacts. However, further progress is required in order to achieve optimal business exits and sustainable early stage private VC system impacts.

scholarly journals The Role of History and Akhlāq in Reconciliation Between Jurisprudence And Modernity

Jurnal Fiqh ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-260
Author(s):  
Meysam Kohantorabi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Islamic Ethics ◽  
Library Resources ◽  
The Difference

After the advent of modernity and its spread in Islamic societies, challenges arose for Muslims. At first glance, these challenges indicated the conflict between modernity and religion in general and jurisprudence in particular. For this reason, some Muslims have strongly rejected modernity, calling it the destruction of religion. Some also have abandoned religion and solely followed modernity. The purpose of this article is to provide a way to resolve differences and reconciliation between jurisprudence and modernity so that Muslims can benefit from the achievements of modernity while maintaining the basic principles of religion. To achieve this goal, jurisprudential sources were examined and jurisprudential fatwas that conflicted with modern laws were extracted. The research method in this article is based on library resources and has been criticized descriptively and analytically. To clarify the issue, examples of jurisprudential fatwas have been proposed. It should be noted that these are not all fatwas and are just examples because the purpose of this article is to provide a solution to resolve the conflict or reduce the difference between jurisprudence and modernity. In some cases, the communities that have implemented the fatwa have also been mentioned. After examining the origin of these fatwas, it became clear that some of them were related to specific circumstances and specific times, and others conflicted with the basic principles of ethics. Therefore, the finding of this article is that there are two basic strategies to resolve or reduce this conflict; firstly, the jurisprudential fatwa should be adapted to the principles of Islamic ethics; and secondly, the historical context of the issuance of the fatwa should be considered. This leads us to the conclusion that some fatwas can only be implemented in certain circumstances and can be revised today due to the change in those circumstances. By applying these two strategies, it is possible to reconcile to a large extent between jurisprudence and that part of the achievements of modernity that are compatible with human rights and dignity.

The Safe Transport of Radioactive Material: Principles and Their Application in the United Kingdom

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund J. Morgan-Warren
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Competent Authority ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Material Transport ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Good Safety Record ◽  
Safe Transport

The good safety record of the transport of radioactive materials owes much to the establishment at an early stage of the principles which have been enshrined in the IAEA’s regulations and their supporting guidance material. These have been reviewed and updated periodically since their introduction in 1961. This paper outlines the principles governing the safe transport of radioactive material and their implementation through the regulatory regime. Beginning with a brief consideration of the scope and challenges of radioactive material transport, the paper outlines the basic principles of safety in transport, and the regulatory mechanism. The basis for packaging standards is described in relation to quantities, specific activities and release rates. The several types of package are discussed and the performance and testing requirements for each are summarised. Operational and administrative requirements are considered, including pre-shipment checks, contamination and radiation limits, and marking and labelling requirements. The paper includes a discussion of the requirements for emergency arrangements and a brief account of how these are fulfilled, and concludes with a description on the role of the competent authority in overseeing the regulatory process.

Forgotten classics: Advertising in a Free Society, by Ralph Harris and Arthur Seldon (1959)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D Pressey
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Free Society ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Free Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advertising Industry ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Cold War

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review Advertising in a Free Society – a defence of the advertising industry – by Ralph Harris and Arthur Seldon, and to evaluate its status as a justifiable forgotten classic of the marketing literature. Design/Methodology/Approach – Advertising in a Free Society is placed in historical context (the Cold War), summarised and reviewed. Findings – During the 1950s, as the UK experienced a period of affluence and growing consumerism, the advertising industry was again subject to the criticisms that had been levelled at it by influential scholars in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Against this context, Advertising in a Free Society deserves to be remembered as one of the earliest defences of advertising and remains highly relevant. Harris and Seldon were leading figures in the Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA), joining shortly after its inception, which became an influential group both in the UK and abroad, influencing policy on free markets. Originality/Value – Although Advertising in a Free Society attracted few citations (going out of print between its publication in 1959 and 2014 when it was republished by the IEA), and largely forgotten by marketing scholars, it provides a significant source for marketing historians interested in advertising criticism, the growth of the British advertising industry and the role of advertising in democratic societies. A reanalysis of the text situated in its historical context – the height of the Cold War – reveals that the text can be viewed as an artefact of the conflict, deploying the rhetoric of the period in defending the advertising industry and highlighting the positive role that advertising could make in free societies.

scholarly journals The role of Data-Independent Acquisition for Glycoproteomics

2020 ◽  
pp. mcp.R120.002204
Author(s):  
Zilu Ye ◽  
Sergey Y Vakhrushev
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Data Independent Acquisition ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Free Quantification

Data independent acquisition (DIA) is now an emerging method in bottom-up proteomics and capable of achieving deep proteome coverage and accurate label-free quantification. However, for post-translational modifications (PTM), such as glycosylation, DIA methodology is still in the early stage of development. The full characterization of glycoproteins requires site specific glycan identification as well as subsequent quantification of glycan structures at each site. The tremendous complexity of glycosylation represents a significant analytical challenge in glycoproteomics. This review focuses on the development and perspectives of DIA methodology for N- and O- glycoproteomics and posits that DIA-based glycoproteomics could be a method of choice to address some of the challenging aspects of glycoproteomics. First, the current challenges in glycoproteomics and the basic principles of DIA is briefly introduced. DIA based glycoproteomics is then summarized and described into four aspects based on the actual samples. Lastly, we discussed the important challenges and future perspectives in the field. We believe that DIA can significantly facilitate glycoproteomic studies and contribute to the development of future advanced tools and approaches in the field of glycoproteomics.

scholarly journals The Role of Discourse Analysis in Researching Severe Labour Exploitation

2018 ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Robert Caruana
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Data Reliability ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Labour Exploitation ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Stage Analysis

Investigating severe forms of labour exploitation presents a series of particular methodological challenges to researchers in the field, including access to respondents, credibility of data, reliability of measures, researcher ethics and the practical and political dimensions of study design. For researchers embarking on qualitative approaches – whether it involves interviews, ethnography and/or documentary forms of analysis – this Chapter seeks to illuminate the potential of a discursive approach to understanding severe forms of labour exploitation. It aims specifically to help understand how severe forms of labour exploitation are variously constructed as an object of knowledge/s, and how this construction is always contingent upon socio-political con/texts. To this end it recommends the investigation of texts as data, proceeding to discuss some interpretive work generated from an early-stage analysis of media, government and civil society discourses surrounding the UK Modern Slavery Act 2015.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document