Role of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in early stage pancreatic cancer.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Bista
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Early Stage

scholarly journals Evaluation of serum ATX and LPA as potential diagnostic biomarkers in patients with pancreatic cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Chen ◽  
Hongyu Li ◽  
Wenda Xu ◽  
Xiaozhong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
The Poor

Abstract Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a devastating disease that has a poor prognosis and a total 5-year survival rate of around 5%. The poor prognosis of PC is due in part to a lack of suitable biomarkers that can allow early diagnosis. The lysophospholipase autotaxin (ATX) and its product lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) play an essential role in disease progression in PC patients and are associated with increased morbidity in several types of cancer. In this study, we evaluated both the potential role of serum LPA and ATX as diagnostic markers in PC and their prognostic value for PC either alone or in combination with CA19-9. Methods ATX, LPA and CA19-9 levels were evaluated using ELISA of serum obtained from PC patients (n = 114) healthy volunteers (HVs: n = 120) and patients with benign pancreatic diseases (BPDs: n = 94). Results Serum levels of ATX, LPA and CA19-9 in PC patients were substantially higher than that for BPD patients or HVs (p < 0.001). The sensitivity of LPA in early phase PC was 91.74% and the specificity of ATX was 80%. The levels of ATX, LPA and CA19-9 were all substantially higher for early stage PC patients compared to levels in serum from BPD patients and HVs. The diagnostic efficacy of CA19-9 for PC was significantly enhanced by the addition of ATX and LPA (p = 0.0012). Conclusion Measurement of LPA and ATX levels together with CA19-9 levels can be used for early detection of PC and diagnosis of PC in general.

scholarly journals The Role of Radiotherapy for Pancreatic Malignancies- A Population-based Analysis of the SEER-Medicare Database.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
yunxiu luo ◽  
Shengjun Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Pancreatic Carcinoma ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Adenosquamous Carcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pancreatic Head ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Duct Carcinoma

Abstract Background and objective. To investigate the role of adjuvant radiotherapy in patients after surgical resection for pancreatic cancer. Methods and patients. The patients with pancreatic cancer from 18 registered institutions in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database were retrospectively analyzed. The characteristics of patients who would benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy were screened, as well as whether neoadjuvant or adjuvant radiotherapy conferred to a better clinical outcome. Results. 30249 patients included in this study (21295 vs 8954 in surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy group) .The median survivals in the surgery (S) group and adjuvant radiotherapy (S+R) group were 24 and 21 months respectively, The 1, 3, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates in the S group and S+R group were 68%, 40%, 31% ,and 75%, 30%, 20%, respectively (p<0.001).Stratified analysis showed patients with histological classified as adenocarcinoma(15 VS 21, P<0.0001), infiltrating duct carcinoma (17 VS 21,P<0.0001), adenosquamous carcinoma(10 VS 18,P<0.0001) could be benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy. Adjuvant radiotherapy was helpful to improve the OS for patients with pancreatic head (19 VS 21, P=0.0003) and duct carcinoma (18VS 28, P=0.0121). Subgroup stratified assay indicated specific patients with early stage (AJCC 7th I, II, T2, N0) pancreatic carcinoma had better OS after additional radiotherapy than surgery alone. Conclusion. Additional radiotherapy may contribute to improved prognosis for patients with pancreatic carcinoma of specific histological types (adenocarcinoma/carcinoma, infiltrating duct carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, and squamous), anatomical location, and advanced stage. A specific subgroup of patients with an early stage (I/II, T2) pancreatic cancer should be considered for additional radiotherapy.

scholarly journals Fungal Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Its Role in Colorectal, Oral, and Pancreatic Carcinogenesis

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka ◽  
Aleš Dvořák ◽  
Marcin Folwarski ◽  
Agnieszka Daca ◽  
Katarzyna Przewłócka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Fungal Microbiota ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

The association between bacterial as well as viral gut microbiota imbalance and carcinogenesis has been intensively analysed in many studies; nevertheless, the role of fungal gut microbiota (mycobiota) in colorectal, oral, and pancreatic cancer development is relatively new and undiscovered field due to low abundance of intestinal fungi as well as lack of well-characterized reference genomes. Several specific fungi amounts are increased in colorectal cancer patients; moreover, it was observed that the disease stage is strongly related to the fungal microbiota profile; thus, it may be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for adenomas. Candida albicans, which is the major microbe contributing to oral cancer development, may promote carcinogenesis via several mechanisms, mainly triggering inflammation. Early detection of pancreatic cancer provides the opportunity to improve survival rate, therefore, there is a need to conduct further studies regarding the role of fungal microbiota as a potential prognostic tool to diagnose this cancer at early stage. Additionally, growing attention towards the characterization of mycobiota may contribute to improve the efficiency of therapeutic methods used to alter the composition and activity of gut microbiota. The administration of Saccharomyces boulardii in oncology, mainly in immunocompromised and/or critically ill patients, is still controversial.

Hypoxia induced HIF1a-mediated O-GalNAc glycosylation of cytosolic O-GlcNAcylated proteins to regulate signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15739-e15739
Author(s):  
Gerrit Wolters-Eisfeld ◽  
Baris Mercanoglu ◽  
Alina Strohmaier ◽  
Cenap Guengoer ◽  
Jakob R. Izbicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Hek293 Cells ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Tn Antigen ◽  
Cell Energy ◽  
Hif Pathway ◽  
The Impact

e15739 Background: Hypoxia induced reprogramming of cell energy metabolism and changes in glycosylation are hallmarks of cancer promoting the induction of an invasive and treatment-resistant phenotype, triggering metastases at an early stage of tumor development. We examined the impact of hypoxia on O-GalNAc glycosylation in human HEK293, PDAC cell lines and clinical specimens. Methods: We profiled the expression of 88 glycosylation related genes by qPCR in HEK293 cells subjected to hypoxia either induced by 1% O2 or 200 mm CoCl2 identifying key O-GalNAc glycosyltransferases downregulated. Functional assays and glycoprotein analysis displayed a pronounced rate of O-GalNAc modified cytosolic proteins derived from hypoxia treated cells and PDAC specimens. Glycosidase assays could validate specificity of detection method used. Aberrant glycotype could be induced by HIF pathway activator ML 228 and inhibited using Echinomycin. PTK and STK analysis of cell lysates displayed correlation between phosphorylation and O-glycosylation in hypoxic samples. Results: Mechanistically we could show, that hypoxia induced decreased levels of C1GALT1C1 results in reduced T-Synthase activity with subsequent expression of truncated O-glycans (Tn antigen). Differential O-GalNAc glycosylation is inducible using HIF pathway activator ML228 under normoxia and the effect is reversed using 5 µM Echinomycin under hypoxia underscoring the role of HIF1a regulated transcription. Interestingly, the pattern of Tn antigen modified proteins derived from hypoxic samples differs significantly from engineered COSMC deficient cells, displaying O-GalNAc moieties in addition to O-GlcNAc in cytosolic protein fractions. Conclusions: Our findings point to a novel crosstalk of O-GalNAc and O-GlcNAcylation under hypoxia extending the knowledge base of differential O-GalNAc glycosylation in pancreatic cancer.

The introduction of lung stereotactic body radiotherapy in the UK… it’s now a reality!

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Needham ◽  
D Hutton ◽  
A Baker
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Image Guided Radiotherapy ◽  
Lung Sbrt ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
Radiotherapy Regime ◽  
The Uk

AbstractLung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a novel and effective technique for the treatment of early stage non small cell lung cancer which is rapidly becoming the radiotherapy regime of choice for those patients unable or unwilling to undergo surgical resection.Although introduced almost 20 years ago, it was not until the wider establishment of image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) techniques that many UK departments first considered and then succeeded in implementing lung SBRT. Many have been assisted in this through membership of the national UK SBRT consortium which aims to facilitate local introduction and to provide guidelines and practical support for the wider radiotherapy community.This article will seek to place the introduction of SBRT within a broad historical context, outline basic principles for safe and effective practice and describe how such principles are currently being pursued in an era of IGRT. Additionally, the role of the UK SBRT consortium in implementation will be reported alongside the results of its first national survey on the subject.

scholarly journals The Role of Autophagy in Pancreatic Cancer—Recent Advances

Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria New ◽  
Sharon Tooze
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Improve Treatment ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Tumor Survival ◽  
Metastasis Development

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest cancers with a 5-year survival rate of only 9%, despite ongoing efforts to improve treatment. This dismal prognosis is due to the difficulty of early stage diagnosis, drug resistance, and likelihood of metastasis development. It is therefore of great importance to identify appropriate therapeutic targets and gain a greater understanding of PDAC biology. Autophagy is a membrane-mediated degradation and recycling mechanism, which is crucial for cell homeostasis. There is evidence for both a tumor-suppressive and a tumor-promoting role of autophagy in cancer, and this is likely context dependent. Within PDAC, a large body of evidence points towards autophagy being required for tumor survival and metabolism. In this review, we describe the recent advances in the understanding of the role and regulation of autophagy in PDAC.

Emerging role of stereotactic body radiotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betul Berber ◽  
Juan R Sanabria ◽  
Kelly Braun ◽  
Min Yao ◽  
Rodney J Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy

scholarly journals The Role of FDG-PET in the Treatment of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

RADIOISOTOPES ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-167
Author(s):  
Atsuya TAKEDA ◽  
Naoko SANUKI ◽  
Noriko YOKOSUKA ◽  
Yukihiko OZAWA
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung

scholarly journals The role of radiotherapy for early-stage pancreatic malignancies: a population-based analysis of the SEER-Medicare database

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Luo
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pancreatic Head ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Radiotherapy Group ◽  
Pancreatic Body ◽  
Specific Subgroup

Abstract Background To investigate the role of adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods and patients The patients with pancreatic cancer from 18 registered institutions in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database were retrospectively analyzed. The characteristics of patients who would benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy were screened, as well as whether neoadjuvant or adjuvant radiotherapy conferred to a better clinical outcome. Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding features. Results Thirty thousand two hundred and forty-nine patients were included in this study (21,295 vs 8954 in surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy group); 1150 patients were matched in two groups. The median survivals in the surgery (S) group and adjuvant radiotherapy (S + R) group were 24 and 21 months, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates in the S group and S + R group were 68%, 40%, 31%, and 75%, 30%, 20%, respectively (p < 0.001), and the median OS was 22 and 25 months in S and S + R group after PSM, the former 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year OS were 73%, 45%, 30%, and 19%, and the later were 81%, 52%, 37%, and 24% (p = 0.0015), respectively; stratified analysis showed patients whose carcinoma located at pancreatic head with II stage infiltrating duct carcinoma (22 vs 25, p = 0.0276), T4 adenocarcinoma (28 vs 33, p = 0.0022), N1 stage adenocarcinoma (20 vs 23, p = 0.0203), and patients with infiltrating duct carcinoma received regional resection (23 vs 25, p = 0.028) and number of resected lymph node were ≥ 4 (22 vs 25, p = 0.009) had better OS after additional radiotherapy than surgery alone. Patients with pancreatic body/tail carcinoma III stage adenocarcinoma (13 vs, p = 0.0503) and T4 adenocarcinoma (14 vs, p = 0.0869) had survival advantage within 24 months for additional radiotherapy. However, patients with T2 stage adenocarcinoma located in pancreatic body/tail had better OS in surgery group than that in R + S group. Conclusions Additional radiotherapy may contribute to improved prognosis for patients with pancreatic head II stage infiltrating duct carcinoma, III stage adenocarcinoma, T4 stage carcinoma, N1 stage adenocarcinoma, regional resection, or number of lymphadenectomy ≥ 4 in infiltrating duct carcinoma. A specific subgroup of patients with specific stage and histological type pancreatic cancer should be considered for additional radiotherapy.

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