scholarly journals Crisis, Resilience, and Civic Engagement: Pandemic-Era Census Completion

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Elaine K. Denny
Keyword(s):  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Completion Rates ◽  
Income Shocks ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Economic Shocks ◽  
Search Volume ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Shed Light

How do economic shocks and financial resilience shape civic engagement, especially for the economically insecure? I turn to the early months of the coronavirus pandemic for insights. In April 2020, with more than 23 million adults unemployed, the US government asked residents to participate in the constitutionally mandated decennial census. I test how variations in income shocks from the shutdown and sources of financial resilience predict disparities in census completion, a civic act designed to minimize participation barriers. First, I use nationally representative survey data to demonstrate that policies that protect the economically vulnerable from the full impacts of economic shocks also predict higher census completion rates. Then, I use Google Trends data to show that high unemployment search volume interacted with low resilience to predict depressed census completion. Findings shed light on how economic crises can widen participation gaps—with representation and resource consequences—and how policies that lessen acute economic shocks may reduce participation disparities.

The effect of Medicare Part D on prescription drug composition and demand

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Zimmer
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Medicare Part D ◽  
Medicare Part ◽  
Part D ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose – The US Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 introduced optional prescription drug coverage, beginning in 2006, widely known as Medicare Part D. This paper uses up-to-date nationally representative survey data to investigate the impact of Part D not only on drug spending and consumption, but also on the composition of drug consumption. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Specifically, the paper investigates whether Part D impacted the number of therapeutic classes for which drugs were prescribed, and also whether Part D lead to increased usage of drugs for specific medical conditions that typically receive drug-intensive therapies. Findings – In addition to confirming findings from previous studies, this paper shows that Part D increased the number of therapeutic classes to which seniors receive drugs by approximately four classes. Part D also lead to increased usage of drugs used to treat upper respiratory disease, hypertension, and diabetes. Originality/value – While mostly concurring with previous studies on the spending impacts of Part D, this paper is the first to shed light on other impacts of Part D, specifically with respect to its impact on therapeutic classes for which drugs are prescribed.

Permanent sterilization use among married men: results from a nationally representative survey of men in the US

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. S90
Author(s):  
J.E. Anderson ◽  
L. Warner ◽  
D.J. Jamieson ◽  
D.M. Kissin ◽  
A.K. Nangia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Representative Survey ◽  
The Us ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Nationally Representative

scholarly journals Who Wants Peace? Predicting Civilian Preferences in Conflict Negotiations

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-276
Author(s):  
Ana María Montoya ◽  
Juan Tellez
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Conflict Termination ◽  
Shed Light

Efforts to end civil wars via negotiations often generate sharp divisions in public opinion. A large, quantitative literature has found evidence for numerous variables serving as potential drivers of public support of and opposition to conflict negotiations. Yet the formation of policy preferences is a complex process, and while many factors might make small contributions to an individual’s conflict termination preferences, we lack a sense of which factors matter most or how to adjudicate among competing explanations. In this article, we leverage a large amount of nationally representative survey data from Colombia (2004–2015) and use machine learning tools to systematically explore which variables are the strongest predictors of public support for negotiations with Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC). We find that certain aspects of conflict exposure, individual values bearing on justice and punishment, and belief in the efficacy of the state are among the strongest predictors of negotiation preferences, while many conventionally important variables in the literature have little predictive power. The results have implications for scholars seeking to understand broad drivers of (dis)satisfaction with negotiations and shed light on the polarising Colombian peace process.

scholarly journals 1 What Beliefs are Associated with COVID Vaccination Intentions? Implications for Campaign Planning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hornik ◽  
Chioma Woko ◽  
Leeann Siegel ◽  
Kwanho KIm ◽  
Ava Kikut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Representative Survey ◽  
The Us ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Vaccine Availability

COVID vaccination intentions vary among the US population. We report the results of a nationally representative survey undertaken in July 2020 (N=889) that examined the association of six vaccine-specific beliefs with intentions to vaccinate. We find that four of the six beliefs have substantial associations with intention (Gammas between .60 and .77), that the associations mostly do not vary with gender, age, race/ethnicity, or misinformation (even though intentions do vary with each of those variables). Also, once adjusted for the vaccine-specific beliefs, level of misinformation is not related to intentions. We consider the implications of these results and argue both that persuasive campaigns can be informed by these specific results, and given rapid changes in vaccine availability, that there is a substantial need for elaborated and repeated follow-up studies.

scholarly journals Historical knowledge and national identity: Evidence from China

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 205316801879435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Huang ◽  
Xinsheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Information Treatment ◽  
Shed Light

How is citizens’ factual historical knowledge related to their national identity? With original data from a nationally representative survey experiment in China, we find that significantly more Chinese citizens overestimate rather than underestimate China’s objective historical achievements, and those who overestimate the achievements of ancient Chinese civilization have higher levels of national identity. To an even greater degree, citizens who underestimate Chinese historical achievements have lower levels of national identity. We also find that correcting misinformation can potentially affect individuals’ national identity, although the effects did not reach statistical significance, likely because the survey experiment was under-powered for interaction effects, and because our information treatment was brief and on a very limited number of questions. These findings shed light on the subtle relationships between historical knowledge, propaganda, and national identity, and suggest avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Lifetime panic–depression comorbidity in the National Comorbidity Survey

2000 ◽  
Vol 176 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Roy-Byrne ◽  
Paul Stang ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Wittchen ◽  
Bedirhan Ustun ◽  
Ellen E. Walters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
National Comorbidity Survey ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Role Impairment

BackgroundMost prior studies of panic-depression comorbidity have been limited methodologically by use of small clinical samples and incomplete analyses.AimsGeneral population data were used to study the association of lifetime and recent (12 months) panic–depression comorbidity with symptom severity, impairment, course and help-seeking in the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS).MethodThe NCS is a nationally representative survey of the prevalences and correlates of major DSM–III–R disorders in the US household population.ResultsStrong lifetime and current comorbidity were found between panic and depression. Comorbidity was associated with greater symptom severity, persistence, role impairment, suicidality and help-seeking, with many findings persisting after controlling for additional comorbid diagnoses. Findings did not differ according to which disorder was chronologically primary.ConclusionsBoth lifetime and current panic–depression comorbidity are markers for more severe, persistent and disabling illness. Neither additional comorbid diagnoses nor the primary–secondary distinction were important moderators of these associations.

Formal firearm training among adults in the USA: results of a national survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Rowhani-Rahbar ◽  
Vivian H Lyons ◽  
Joseph A Simonetti ◽  
Deborah Azrael ◽  
Matthew Miller
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Safe Storage ◽  
Safe Handling ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Firearm Training ◽  
Nationally Representative

Despite broad support for policies requiring that prospective firearm owners receive training before acquiring a firearm, little is known about the scope and content of firearm training in the USA. Nationally representative surveys conducted in 1994 estimated that 56%-58% of the US firearm owners had received formal firearm training. We conducted a nationally representative survey in 2015 (n=3932; completion proportion=55%) to update those estimates and characterise training contents. 61% of firearm owners and 14% of non-owners living with a firearm owner reported having received formal firearm training. The most commonly reported combination of training topics was safe handling, safe storage and preventing accidents. 15% of firearm owners reported that their training included information about suicide prevention. The proportion of the US firearm owners with formal firearm training has not meaningfully changed since two decades ago. Training programme contents vary widely. Efforts to standardise and evaluate the effectiveness of firearm training are warranted.

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