scholarly journals Global commerce in small boxes: parcel post, 1878–1913

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léonard Laborie
Keyword(s):  
Union Member ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Global History ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Post Offices ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Global Commerce ◽  
Transnational Connections ◽  
Postal Network ◽  
Favourite Topic

AbstractEven if the high-tech and ‘revolutionary’ electric telegraph has become a favourite topic for communication historians dealing with global history, it cannot alone epitomize the first modern age of globalization. The postal network, and parcel post in particular, was also a key agent of globalization. In 1880, several Universal Postal Union member states signed a convention for the exchange of parcel post, opening a new channel in the world of commerce. By the end of the nineteenth century, millions of packets poured into post offices and railway stations, crossed countries, and created all sorts of transnational connections, from family to business to humanitarian relations. Behind the ordinary, seemingly low-tech small boxes lay a sophisticated service that emerged from transnational dynamics, challenged both national and international commercial circuits, and produced more complex control of economic borders.

scholarly journals The formation of interstate and cross-border scientific-educational and innovative spaces between Ukraine and the European Union member states in the digital economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Lyashenko ◽  
Iryna Pidorycheva
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

By signing the Association Agreement between the EU and Ukraine, Ukraine has demonstrated its intention and willingness to integrate into the system of formal institutions of the EU, to adopt the EU rules, norms, and practices, which will enable Ukraine to achieve significant economic benefits. One of those benefits is the opportunity to build a true scientific-educational and innovative partnership with the EU Member States within the European Research Area. This study considers opportunities and perspectives of creating an interstate and cross-border scientific-educational and innovative spaces between Ukraine as an associated country and the European Union Member States taking into account key priorities of the ERA and rapidly growing impact of digital technologies. Particular attention has been given to the establishment of a common Polish-Ukrainian scientific-educational space which could be complemented by the entrepreneurial component. The article has identified opportunities, existing prerequisites, directions, and priorities for building Polish-Ukrainian spaces. It has also defined the challenges of formation the European interstate and cross-border scientific-educational and innovative spaces as a whole. It has been suggested to develop hereinafter an interstate and cross-border high-tech clusters based on the interstate and cross-border scientific-educational and innovative spaces. The scheme and the main steps of formation a cross-border cluster of nano- and biotechnologies are proposed.

Introduction

Paper Trails ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Cameron Blevins
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Digital History ◽  
Post Offices ◽  
The Us ◽  
Postal Network ◽  
American State

How did the American state consolidate its power over the vast and remote territory of the western United States? This chapter orients readers to the period of western expansion spanning the 1860s to the early 1900s and the crucial, often unseen, role of the US Post within this project. It explains the book’s methodology of using a dataset of more than one hundred thousand post offices to map the spread of the western postal network, part of a larger approach of digital history. This spatial analysis leads to four findings about the US Post and its status as a “gossamer network”: that it was big, spatially expansive, fast moving, and ephemeral. The chapter then introduces the concept of the agency model, a new organizational framework for understanding the American state. It concludes with an overview of the book’s chapter structure, major themes, and narrative strategies.

Warsaw Autumn International Festival of Contemporary Music, The

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Jakelski
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Contemporary Music ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
World War ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Transnational Connections ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
International Festival

The Warsaw Autumn International Festival of Contemporary Music (WarszawskaJesień) is one of Europe’s longest-running festivals of contemporary music. With two exceptions (1957 and 1982), the festival has taken place annually since 1956. During the Cold War, the festival was an important venue for transnational connections. In the early 2010s, it remains one of Poland’s liveliest cultural institutions. Tadeusz Baird and Kazimierz Serocki are often credited as the Warsaw Autumn’s initiators, yet the idea for the festival came from the Polish Composers’ Union as a whole. The timing of their proposal reflected the expanded possibilities of the mid-1950s, when hard-line Stalinist policies were giving way to the limited political and cultural reforms of the Thaw. Many composers hungered for the restoration of foreign contacts that had been severed by Poland’s occupation during World War II and its subsequent absorption into the Soviet bloc. They hoped that an international festival of contemporary composition would counteract years of isolation and bring Polish musical life into the modern age. Crucial early support came from higher-ups in Poland’s communist party, who approved of the Warsaw Autumn festival based on its potential as an arena for Cold War competition. And the festival delivered: the first institution of its kind, it featured an eclectic line-up of compositions and performers from both the American and Soviet zones of influence.

Islamic Revolutionaries and the End of Empire

2017 ◽  
pp. 598-579
Author(s):  
David Motadel
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Master Narrative ◽  
Global History ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Colonial Resistance

This chapter examines the global history of Islamic movements in anti-imperial struggles, spanning from West Africa to Southeast Asia. It demonstrates that Islamic movements, ranging from messianic to reformist groups, were at the very centre of the struggles against the European empires across the lands of Islam. It traces the diverse forms of anti-colonial resistance adopted by the various Islamic movements, including violent opposition, which ranged from guerrilla insurgency to open revolt, and peaceful protest. The fall of the European empires and the creation of post-colonial states are usually seen as an era of secularism and Western ideologies, ranging from nationalism to socialism, not as a period of piety and religious upheaval. Questioning this master narrative of secular decolonisation, the chapter argues that Islamic movements, though at times overshadowed by other anti-colonial groups, must be taken seriously. This is crucial for our understanding of not only the history of decolonisation, but also the history of Islamic movements in the modern age.

scholarly journals Designing Postal Network Units

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josip Gracin ◽  
Antun Stipetić
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Postal Service ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Post Offices ◽  
Postal Services ◽  
Postal Network ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
The Republic

The existing postal infrastructure cannot efficiently support the requirements of new technologies and the supply of services on the open market of postal services. Post offices do not meet the new needs, therefore requiring an adjustment to new traffic and service requirements. The functioning of the postal system in the Republic of Croatia was carried out in order to adjust the functional equipment of the system to the introduction of the new technologies and services. At the same time a requirement was set to the public postal operator for more efficient performing of the universal postal service. Based on the analyses of the postal system functioning, a modular procedure of designing the postal network units was proposed and it provides the possibility of adjustment to the new technological, organizational and safety requirements of the postal system. KEY WORDS: postal units, module designing, postal traffic efficiency

Making Bluegrass at Home, Abroad, and in Between

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Bidgood
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Transitional Layer ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Transnational Connections ◽  
Intercultural Negotiation ◽  
At Home

The author's tours with the band Roll's Boys, and the experiences of banjoist Richard Ciferský show how Czech and Slovak players form a transitional layer between local European groups and American bluegrass "stars." Czech instrument makers – notably Jaroslav Průcha, Zdeněk Roh, and Ondřej Holoubek have created a niche for their products abroad, through craftsmanship, high-tech lutherie, intercultural negotiation, and personal passion. The author's forays into the physical business of these bluegrass projects illustrate the difficulties of carrying out bluegrass projects in the Czech Republic, the benefits of transnational connections, and the centrality of relationship to these connections and projects.

Antinomies of Values under Conditions of Information Age

2014 ◽  
pp. 198-212
Author(s):  
Liudmila V. Baeva
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Communication Education ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Social

The information age with its unprecedented acceleration changes a person's world and creates new virtual environments, forms of communication, and creative work. The character of these changes is antinomic to a large degree: information technologies give rise to super-powers, entrust a person with the power in time and space, but they create new challenges to individuality, freedom, and intelligence. Virtualization of communication, education, leisure, art following the evolution of high technology production, and consumption contribute to the substitution of real relations and amenities with virtual versions and simulacra. This chapter is devoted to studying of value antinomies of the modern age: information and knowledge, virtuality and reality, feelings and game, friendship and contacts, etc. Since values are the projections of the future in the present, this chapter helps to elicit to some extent the main trend of the social-cultural dynamics of the modern high-tech society.

Subverting the rules of grammar: is Kolaveri di the subalterns' English?

English Today ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Rafia Kazim
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Post Offices ◽  
Road Signs ◽  
Global Language ◽  
Education Science

English is a global language, and the fact has been reiterated by various studies conducted both in native and non-native countries. In India, English, since the British era, has dominated the domains of administration, business, higher education, science and technology and mass media. Post-Independence the visibility and functionality of English increased manifold. English is everywhere on the streets: from billboards to hoardings, from advertisements to road signs, English is omnipresent. Even for petty official works in places such as banks, post offices, hospitals, railway stations, bus depots, schools and colleges, English becomes indispensable.

scholarly journals Application of Set Covering Location Problem for Organizing the Public Postal Network

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Šarac ◽  
Miloš Kopić ◽  
Katarina Mostarac ◽  
Momčilo Kujačić ◽  
Bojan Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Location Problem ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Universal Service ◽  
Set Covering ◽  
Postal Service ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Post Offices ◽  
Postal Network ◽  
Minimum Number

Most countries of the European Union ensure certain obligations (criteria) which universal service providers must meet to ensure the realization of the universal service. These criteria vary from country to country, giving their own choice of an optimal model for the density of the postal network. Such postal network of the operator providing universal postal service must be organized so that post offices are accessible at the optimal distance from the user. This paper presents two different approaches. The first one is based on the population criteria determined in the previous study. The second one is new, a general method created to determine the minimum number of postal unit applications of Set Covering Location Problem. The authors apply both methods on real data collected from the Serbian municipalities and finally, compare the obtained results.

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