In situ degradation of crude protein in physically processed barley, maize and peas in the caecum of ponies

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 135-135
Author(s):  
B M L McLean ◽  
J J Hyslop ◽  
A C Longland ◽  
D Cuddeford ◽  
T Hollands
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
Ad Libitum

Little information is available on how physical processing of cereals affects crude protein (CP) degradation dynamics in equines. In two experiments the effects of two physical processing methods (micronisation and extrusion) on in situ degradation of CP in barley, maize and peas in the caecum of ponies were investigated.In experiment 1, three caecally-fistulated mature Welsh-cross pony geldings (approx. LW 270kg) were used whilst two of these ponies were used in experiment 2. In both experiments ponies were offered ad libitum grass hay plus minerals. Incubation bags (monofilament polyester, 6.5 x 20cm, 41μm pores, 16mg/cm2 sample size) contained either unprocessed barley (UB), micronised barley (MB) or extruded barley (EB) (experiment 1) and either unprocessed maize (UM), micronised maize (MM), extruded maize (EM), unprocessed peas (UP), micronised peas (MP) or extruded peas (EP) (experiment 2).

Effect of physical processing on in situ degradation of barley in the caecum of ponies

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 127-127
Author(s):  
B M L McLean ◽  
J J Hyslop ◽  
A C Longland ◽  
D Cuddeford
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Fixed Times

Cereal grains are often subjected to physical processing before being fed to equids. However, little information is available on how physical processing of cereals affects degradation dynamics in equids. This experiment examines the effect of two physical processing methods (micronisation and extrusion) on in situ degradation of barley in the caecum of poniesThree caecally fistulated mature Welsh-cross pony geldings (approx. LW 270kg) were offered ad libitum grass hay plus minerals. Incubation bags (monofilament polyester 6.5 x 20cm, 41μm pores, 16mg/cm2 sample size) containing either unprocessed barley (UB), micronised barley (MB) or extruded barley (EB) were incubated in the caecum for fixed times according to both a forward (0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 8, 24, 48h) and reverse (48, 24, 8, 4, 12, 6, 2, 0h) incubation sequence. For each feedstuff residues from each time were bulked within pony and across incubation sequence for subsequent analysis of dry matter (DM) and starch (STC). Degradation profiles were fitted to the DM and STC disappearance data according to Ørskov and McDonald (1979).

Effect of physical processing on in situ degradation of barley in the caecum of ponies

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 127-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
B M L McLean ◽  
J J Hyslop ◽  
A C Longland ◽  
D Cuddeford
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Fixed Times

Cereal grains are often subjected to physical processing before being fed to equids. However, little information is available on how physical processing of cereals affects degradation dynamics in equids. This experiment examines the effect of two physical processing methods (micronisation and extrusion) on in situ degradation of barley in the caecum of poniesThree caecally fistulated mature Welsh-cross pony geldings (approx. LW 270kg) were offered ad libitum grass hay plus minerals. Incubation bags (monofilament polyester 6.5 x 20cm, 41μm pores, 16mg/cm2 sample size) containing either unprocessed barley (UB), micronised barley (MB) or extruded barley (EB) were incubated in the caecum for fixed times according to both a forward (0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 8, 24, 48h) and reverse (48, 24, 8, 4, 12, 6, 2, 0h) incubation sequence. For each feedstuff residues from each time were bulked within pony and across incubation sequence for subsequent analysis of dry matter (DM) and starch (STC). Degradation profiles were fitted to the DM and STC disappearance data according to Ørskov and McDonald (1979).

Effect of physical processing on in situ degradation of maize and peas in the caecum of ponies

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 134-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
B M L McLean ◽  
J J Hyslop ◽  
A C Longland ◽  
D Cuddeford ◽  
T Hollands
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Fixed Times

Maize and peas that have undergone physical processing are used routinely in cereal mixes for equines. However, little information is available on how physical processing of maize and peas affects degradation dynamics in equines. This experiment examines the effect of two physical processing methods (micronisation and extrusion) on in situ degradation of maize and peas in the caecum of poniesTwo caecally-fistulated mature Welsh-cross pony geldings (approx. LW 270kg) were offered ad libitum grass hay plus minerals. Incubation bags (monofilament polyester 6.5 x 20cm, 41? m pores, 16mg/cm2 sample size) containing either unprocessed maize (UM), micronised maize (MM), extruded maize (EM), unprocessed peas (UP), micronised peas (MP) or extruded peas (EP) were incubated in the caecum for fixed times according to both a forward (0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 8, 24, 48h) and reverse (48, 24, 8, 4, 12, 6, 2, 0h) incubation sequence. For each feedstuff residues from each time were bulked within pony and across incubation sequence for subsequent analysis of dry matter (DM) and starch (STC).

The effect of incubation sequence on in situ degradation of concentrate feed components in the caecum of ponies

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 97-97
Author(s):  
J J Hyslop ◽  
G J Stefansdottir ◽  
D Cuddeford
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Digesta Passage ◽  
Fixed Times ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Previous work as shown that incubation sequence has no effect on the degradation profile of feeds in the rumen of cattle and sheep. However, compared to the rumen the equine caecum is small, digesta passage rate through it is fast and total digesta volumes can vary widely. Consequently, this experiment examines the effect of bag incubation sequence on degradation co-efficients in situ in the equine caecum.Four caecally fistulated Welsh cross pony geldings (approx LW 250 kg) were offered ad libitum grass hay (DM: 938, CP: 70; NDF: 728) plus 30 g/h/d of a horse mineral supplement. Duplicate incubation bags (monofilament polyester, 6.5 x 20 cm, 41 um pores, 16 mg/cm2 sample size) containing a commercial horse concentrate (DM: 918, CP:151, NDF: 403) were incubated in the caecum for fixed times according to both a forward (0,3,5,16,8,24,48) or reverse (48,24,8,16,5,3,0) incubation sequence.

The effect of incubation sequence on in situ degradation of concentrate feed components in the caecum of ponies

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 97-97
Author(s):  
J J Hyslop ◽  
G J Stefansdottir ◽  
D Cuddeford
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Digesta Passage ◽  
Fixed Times ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Previous work as shown that incubation sequence has no effect on the degradation profile of feeds in the rumen of cattle and sheep. However, compared to the rumen the equine caecum is small, digesta passage rate through it is fast and total digesta volumes can vary widely. Consequently, this experiment examines the effect of bag incubation sequence on degradation co-efficients in situ in the equine caecum.Four caecally fistulated Welsh cross pony geldings (approx LW 250 kg) were offered ad libitum grass hay (DM: 938, CP: 70; NDF: 728) plus 30 g/h/d of a horse mineral supplement. Duplicate incubation bags (monofilament polyester, 6.5 x 20 cm, 41 um pores, 16 mg/cm2 sample size) containing a commercial horse concentrate (DM: 918, CP:151, NDF: 403) were incubated in the caecum for fixed times according to both a forward (0,3,5,16,8,24,48) or reverse (48,24,8,16,5,3,0) incubation sequence.

The in situ degradation of four concentrate feeds in the caecum of ponies

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 96-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J Stefansdottir ◽  
J J Hyslop ◽  
D Cuddeford
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Fixed Times

The in situ technique has been used widely to assess the degradation of feeds in the rumen. However, very little information is available on the degradation of feeds in the digestive tract of equids. This experiment examines the degradation of unmolassed sugar beet pulp (USBP), hay cubes (HC), soya hulls (SH) and a 2:1 mixture of oat hulls:naked oats (OH) in the caecum of ponies.Four caecally fistulated Welsh cross pony geldings (approx LW 250 kg) were offered ad libitum grass hay (DM: 926, CP: 69; NDF: 649) plus 30 g/h/d of a horse mineral supplement. Two incubation bags (monofilament polyester, 6.5 x 20 cm, 41 um pores, 16 mg/cm2 sample size) containing either USBP or HC were incubated in the caecum for fixed times according to both a forward (0,3,5,16,8,24,48) and reverse (48,24,8,16,5,3,0) incubation sequence.

scholarly journals SYNCHRONIZATION OF CARBOHYDRATE AND PROTEIN SUPPLY IN THE SUGARCANE BAGASSE BASED RATION ON IN SITU NUTRIENT DEGRADABILITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. F. Sani ◽  
L. K. Nuswantara ◽  
E. Pangestu ◽  
F. Wahyono ◽  
J. Achmadi
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Synchronization Index ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
Protein Supply ◽  
Kinetics Of

Two adult male sheeps fitted with rumen cannula were used in two experiments to study the effects of synchronization of carbohydrate and nitrogen supply in sugarcane bagasse based total mixed ration (TMR) on in situ nutrient degradation. The first experiment was aimed to create three TMR with different synchronization index. Ingredient feedstuffs of TMR were evaluated for its in situ organic matter (OM) and nitrogen (N) degradation kinetics. On the basis of the OM and N degradation kinetics of feedstuffs, three sugarcane bagasse based TMR were formulated with synchronization indexes of 0.37; 0.50; and 0.63; respectively. The TMR had similar levels of crude protein (CP), total digestible nutrients, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). In the second experiment, the three TMR with different synchronization index were evaluated for in situ degradability characteristics of OM, CP, NDF, and sulfur. The in situ degradation of OM in TMR were decreased (P<0.05) with the increasing of synchronization index. The higher synchronization index in TMR increased (P<0.05) CP degradation of CP. The NDF degradation decreased slightly by the alteration of synchronization index in TMR. The higher synchronization index in TMR reduced (P<0.05) in situ sulfur degradation, and this may not support to effects of synchronization of carbohydrate and nitrogen supply.  

USE OF THE IN SITU TECHNIQUE AND PASSAGE RATE CONSTANTS IN PREDICTING VOLUNTARY INTAKE AND APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY OF FORAGES BY STEERS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARINA A. G. VON KEYSERLINGK ◽  
G. W. MATHISON
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Festuca Hallii ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Voluntary Intake

The in situ bag technique was evaluated as a method of predicting the voluntary intake and digestibility of forages. Nine feedstuffs including three cereal straws, three alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and grass hay mixtures, two alfalfa-grass silages, and a prairie (Festuca hallii L.) grass hay were each fed to five steers (350 ± 49.5 kg) at ad libitum and approximately maintenance feeding levels. Hays and silages were also fed at near the twice maintenance feeding level. Voluntary forage dry matter (DM) intakes ranged from 1.00 to 2.85% of body weight. Apparent forage DM digestibilities ranged from 37 to 64%. At the lower feeding level fractional rates of particulate passage through the digestive tract were higher (P < 0.05) for 37% DM silage (0.037 h−1) than for two of the straw-based diets (0.020–0.023 h−1). Particulate passage rates were not (P > 0.05) affected by feeding level. Predictions from in situ results were most accurate when 24 and 36 h degradation values were used to estimate DM digestibility (R2 = 0.92) and intake (R2 = 0.86), respectively. The neutral detergent fiber content of forage was equally well correlated with DM digestibility (R2 = 0.86) and voluntary DM intake (R2 = 0.85). Inclusion of information on rates of passage in prediction equations did not (P > 0.05) improve accuracies of predictions over those obtained using in situ results or chemical feed components. Key words: Steers, in situ, voluntary intake, digestibility, passage rates, prediction

Gas production in vitro from either unprocessed, micronised or extruded maize, peas, wheat, naked oats and barley using equine faeces as the source of inocula

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 137-137
Author(s):  
B M L McLean ◽  
J J Hyslop ◽  
A C Longland ◽  
D Cuddeford ◽  
T Hollands
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Batch Culture ◽  
Pressure Transducer ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Naked Oats

A wide variety of starch based feeds are available for inclusion in equine diets. These feeds may be subjected to physical processing (micronisation or extrusion) prior to inclusion. This experiment evaluates a range of starch based feedstuffs using an in vitro batch culture technique.A total of 15 feedstuffs were incubated in vitro with an inocula prepared from freshly voided faeces which was collected from six ponies fed grass hay ad libitum. The feeds were five starch based feedstuffs; i.e: maize (M), peas (P), wheat (W), naked oats (NO) or barley (Ba) in one of three physically processed forms i.e: unprocessed (Unp), micronised (Mic) or extruded (Ext). All feeds were ground through a 1.0mm screen prior to incubation. Cumulative gas production (GP) was measured using the pressure transducer technique of Theodorou et al (1994) throughout a 72 h incubation period.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document