In vitro methane production as influenced by harvest date and level of nitrogen application

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 163-163
Author(s):  
D. K. Lovett ◽  
A. Bortolozzo ◽  
P. O’Kiely ◽  
P. Conaghan ◽  
F. P. O’Mara
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
N Level ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Fertiliser Application

Increasing animal productivity increases daily enteric methane (CH4) emissions but reduces CH4 output per unit of animal production. Irish livestock production systems are characterised by a high dependence on grazed pasture. Increased nitrogen (N) fertiliser application can increase animal productivity through increased intake. The objective of this trial was to assess the effect of N level application and pasture maturity on in vitro methane production.

In vitro methane production of different cultivars of perennial ryegrass

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 162-162
Author(s):  
D. K. Lovett ◽  
D. McGilloway ◽  
A. Bortolozzo ◽  
F. P. O’Mara
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
High Utilization

Irish livestock production systems are characterised by the high utilization of grazed grass combined with minimal supplementary feeding. As such the options to reduce methane (CH4) production, particularly for beef animals, is limited to the finishing period when diet can be controlled and varied. No data is available regarding the methanogenic potential of differing grass cultivars. This study assessed CH4 output, as measured in vitro, of six ryegrass cultivars, with the aim of quantifying the potential for enteric CH4 emissions to be reduced from ruminants grazing ryegrass dominant swards.

scholarly journals Reducing enteric methane production from buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) by garlic oil supplementation in in vitro rumen fermentation system

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avijit Dey ◽  
Shyam Sundar Paul ◽  
Puran Chand Lailer ◽  
Satbir Singh Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Acetyl Esterase ◽  
Garlic Oil ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

AbstractEnteric methane production contributes significantly to the greenhouse gas emission globally. Although, buffaloes are integral part of livestock production in Asian countries, contributing milk, meat and draft power, the contribution of enteric methane to environmental pollution attracts attention. The present study investigated the efficacy of garlic (Allium sativum) oil in reducing enteric methane production from buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) by in vitro rumen fermentation. Garlic oil (GOL) was tested at four concentrations [0 (Control), 33.33 µl (GOL-1), 83.33 µl (GOL-2) and 166.66 µl (GOL-3) per litre of buffered rumen fluid] in 100-ml graduated glass syringes and incubated at 39℃ for 24 h for in vitro rumen fermentation study. Supplementation of GOL-1 increased (p < 0.05) total gas production in comparison with GOL-3; however, it remained comparable (p > 0.05) with control and GOL-2. Graded doses of garlic oil inclusions reduced (p < 0.001) methane concentration (%) in total gas and total methane production (ml/g DM), irrespective of concentrations. The feed degradability, volatile fatty acids and microbial biomass production (MBP) were not affected (p > 0.05) by GOL-1, but these tended to decrease in GOL-2 with marked reduction (p < 0.01) in GOL-3. The decrease (p < 0.01) in NH3–N concentration in fermentation fluid in the presence of garlic oil, irrespective of concentration, suggests reduced deamination by inhibiting rumen proteolytic bacterial population. The activities of ruminal fibrolytic enzymes (CMCase, xylanase, β-glucosidase, acetyl esterase) were not affected by lower dose (GOL-1) of garlic oil; however, reduction (p < 0.05) of these enzymes activity in rumen liquor was evident at higher doses (GOL-2 and GOL-3) of supplementation. This study shows positive impact of garlic oil supplementation at low dose (33.33 µl/l of rumen fluid) in reducing enteric methane production, thereby, abatement of environmental pollution without affecting feed digestibility.

scholarly journals Silage of Intercropping Corn, Palisade Grass, and Pigeon Pea Increases Protein Content and Reduces In Vitro Methane Production

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1784
Author(s):  
Beatriz Ligoski ◽  
Lucas Ferreira Gonçalves ◽  
Flavio Lopes Claudio ◽  
Estenio Moreira Alves ◽  
Ana Maria Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

Legume–grass intercropping systems are a sustainable option to improve nutritional quality of animal feed and decrease livestock greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, the present study evaluated yield, chemical composition and in vitro gas production of silages produced with intercropped palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha.(A.Rich.) R.D.Webster), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan cv. Super N) and corn (Zea mays. L.). Forage was harvested and placed inside micro-silos, which were opened after 100 days and samples were collected for chemical composition and in vitro gas production analyses. Intercropped silage had higher crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and lignin content than corn silage. Moreover, intercropped silage decreased total gas and methane production. Therefore, intercropped silage showed potential to increase conserved feed nutritional quality and reduce methane emissions in livestock production systems.

Switchgrass silage for methane production as affected by date of harvest

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1187-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Bélanger ◽  
Philippe Savoie ◽  
Gaétan Parent ◽  
Annie Claessens ◽  
Annick Bertrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Panicum Virgatum ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Fibre Concentration

Bélanger, G., Savoie, P., Parent, G., Claessens, A., Bertrand, A., Tremblay, G. F., Massé, D., Gilbert, Y. and Babineau, D. 2012. Switchgrass silage for methane production as affected by date of harvest. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1187–1197. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a warm-season grass recognized as a potential biomass crop for energy production in North America, but little information exists on the effect of harvest date on forage and silage characteristics of switchgrass grown in eastern Canada. Our objectives were to determine how harvest date affects several forage and silage characteristics of switchgrass and to relate these to specific methane yield from anaerobically digested switchgrass silage. Switchgrass, seeded in 2002 and 2006, was harvested and ensiled as a one-cut system on three dates in 2007: late July, early September, and early October. The regrowth from the late July harvest was also harvested in early October as a two-cut system. Silage quality parameters [pH, and concentrations of N, N-NH3, total amino acids (TAA), and volatile fatty acids (VFA)] indicated adequate fermentation of all silage samples. In a one-cut system, delaying harvest from late July to early September increased forage dry matter (DM) yield from 9.0 to 11.5 Mg ha−1, forage soluble carbohydrate (SC) concentration from 51 to 85 g kg−1 DM, and silage SC concentration from 13 to 25 g kg−1 DM; delaying harvest from late July to early October decreased forage in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) from 720 to 582 g kg−1 DM, forage in vitro digestibility of the neutral detergent fibre (dNDF) from 590 to 409 g kg−1 DM, and silage acetate concentration from 7.7 to 2.6 g kg−1 DM. The regrowth had higher IVTD and dNDF, lower acid detergent fibre concentration, and higher silage lactate and acetate concentrations than a single harvest taken in early September or early October. The two-cut system and the single harvest in early September produced the highest seasonal forage DM yields (11.5 and 11.9 Mg ha−1). High specific methane yield was (i) correlated with low forage fibre concentration and high DM digestibility and (ii) more correlated to silage concentrations of lactate and acetate than to silage SC concentration.

0210 Effects of spices on in vitro enteric methane production

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
S. Taylor ◽  
I. M. Ogunade ◽  
D. Kim ◽  
K. G. Arriola ◽  
A. T. Adesogan
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Enteric Methane

Enteric methane emissions and their response to agro-ecological and livestock production systems dynamics in Zimbabwe

2018 ◽  
Vol 616-617 ◽  
pp. 710-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Svinurai ◽  
Farai Mapanda ◽  
Dingane Sithole ◽  
Elisha N. Moyo ◽  
Kudzai Ndidzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Systems Dynamics ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Enteric Methane Emissions

In vitro ruminal fermentation and enteric methane production of tropical forage added nitrogen or nitrogen plus starch

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 114878
Author(s):  
M.M.D. Castro ◽  
M.A. Cardoso ◽  
E. Detmann ◽  
M.A. Fonseca ◽  
C.B. Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Tropical Forage ◽  
Enteric Methane

scholarly journals Overview of nutritional strategies to lower enteric methane emissions in ruminants

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Bayat ◽  
Kevin J. Shingfield
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Enteric Methane Emissions

Since ruminants are capable of utilizing fibrous feeds not digested by mono-gastrics, they represent a valuable natural resource for meeting future increases in global food supply. Ruminants have both local (nitrogen and phosphorus pollutions) and global (greenhouse gases, GHG) environmental footprints. It is estimated that the livestock sector is responsible for 18% of global anthropogenic GHG emissions. Losses of methane represent 30 to 50% of total GHG from livestock production, with the contribution from ruminants accounting for about 80%. Due to the concerns of increases in GHG emissions into the environment and potential effects on global warming, there is a need to develop strategies to lower methane emissions from ruminants as part of an overall requirement to improve the sustainability of ruminant food production systems. Methane is produced as a by-product of anaerobic fermentation in the reticulo-rumen, largely due to the activity of methanogenic archaea. Recent research has focused on the potential of novel feed ingredients (probiotics, ionophores, acetogen-based inoculants, bacteriocins, organic acids and plant extracts) or vaccines to lower hydrogen production and/or increase the transfer and utilization of metabolic hydrogen in the production of end-products other than methane in the rumen. Research to date has provided evidence that dietary supplements of plant or marine oils, oilseeds, specific fatty acids and condensed tannins, as well as defaunation, increases in production level or decreases in the proportion of forage in the diet may lower enteric methane production. Even though dietary lipid supplements can be used to lower methane output, in high amounts a decrease in intake and milk production can be expected. While further investigations have demonstrated the efficacy of specific agents on methanogenesis in vitro, the effects have not been substantiated in vivo. Altering the ratio of H2 /non-H2 producing fibrolytic bacteria to lower methanogenesis without altering fibre digestion has been demonstrated under experimental conditions. Furthermore, non-H2 producing communities have been characterized in the digesta of certain ruminant species. In contrast, stimulating acetogenesis by inoculation with rumen acetogens or non-rumen acetogens have met with limited success in vitro and in vivo. Research has also concentrated on stimulating the ultilisation of metabolic hydrogen by sulphate reducing bacteria, but there remains concern over the toxicity of H2S in the host ruminant. Investigations of nitrate reducing bacteria which produce more NH3 and less toxic nitrite, have indicated promising results. Increasing the number of capnophilic bacteria which use CO2 and H2 to produce organic acids, succinic acid in particular, may decrease methane production. In isolation, several approaches have been shown to decrease enteric methane emissions, but often part of the changes observed are related to lowered organic matter digestion in the rumen. However, lowering methane production per unit product over the lifetime of an animal should be regarded as the central goal to decrease GHG from ruminant livestock systems. This highlights the need for integrated solutions to improve digestive efficiency, as well as fertility and health. In conclusion, any prospective solution to lower on-farm GHG emissions must be practical, cost effective and have no adverse effect on the profitability of ruminant meat and milk production. Recent research has indicated significant potential, but none of the strategies tested thus far satisfy all of the necessary criteria for immediate implementation.

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