Effects of level and form of dietary zinc on dairy cattle performance and keratin production in the teat canal

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 85-85
Author(s):  
C Cope ◽  
A M Mackenzie ◽  
D Wilde ◽  
L A Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Organic Form ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Teat Canal ◽  
Recommended Level

The teat canal in dairy cows is lined with keratin, which is considered to be a natural physical and chemical barrier involved in providing resistance to bacteria gaining entry into the mammary gland. Keratin is partially removed during milking therefore requiring regeneration. It has been estimated that a cow needs to regenerate 1.3 mg per teat between each milking to replace the amount lost (Capuco et al., 1992). Zinc is important in the process of keratinisation and previous studies have reported an 2.4 kg/d increase in milk yield when supplemented with Zn in an organic form at the recommended level and an increase in somatic cell counts (SCC) in cattle receiving 0.66 of the recommended level of dietary Zn (Atkin et al., 2007), although mechanisms for this observation are unclear. The objective of this study was to establish the effect of level and form of Zn (organically chelated (Bioplex ZnTM; Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, USA) vs. inorganic (ZnO)) and no supplemental Zn on dairy cow performance and keratin production in the teat canal.

scholarly journals Milk Yield, Somatic Cell Counts, and Risk of Removal from the Herd for Dairy Cows After Covered Teat Canal Injury

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1482-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Geishauser ◽  
K. Querengässer ◽  
M. Nitschke ◽  
A. Sorbiraj
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Teat Canal

Effects of level and form of dietary zinc on dairy cow performance and health

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 101-101
Author(s):  
C. M. Atkin ◽  
A. M. Mackenzie ◽  
D. Wilde ◽  
L. A. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
Inclusion Rate ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cow Health ◽  
Recommended Level

It is well established that zinc is an essential micro-nutrient required to maintain health and performance in dairy cows (Underwood and Suttle, 2004). Cattle diets are traditionally supplemented with inorganic minerals (e.g. zinc oxide), but these may be poorly absorbed, resulting in an economic and environmental cost due to excess minerals being excreted. It is claimed organically bound minerals are able to resist interaction before and at the absorption site in the small intestine (Power, 2006), which may result in a lower dietary inclusion rate being required. The objective of the current experiment was to investigate the effect of an organically bound source of Zn as a replacement for inorganic Zn on dairy cow health and performance when supplemented at and below the recommended level.

Plasma leptin in transition dairy cows. Effects of body fatness, ambient temperature and dietary factors

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 92-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kokkonen ◽  
J. Taponen ◽  
S. Alasuutari ◽  
M. Nousiainen ◽  
T. Anttila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Increase Energy Expenditure ◽  
Transition Dairy Cows ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Plasma Leptin

In ruminants plasma leptin is increased with increasing body fatness. Leptin acts on hypothalamus to decrease food intake and increase energy expenditure. It is possible that leptin has a key role in transition from pregnancy to lactation of dairy cows. The objective of the present work was to investigate the pattern of plasma leptin concentration, as well as its relationship with other hormones and metabolites and dairy cow performance.

scholarly journals Carryover of aflatoxin from feed to milk in dairy cows with low or high somatic cell counts

animal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 1344-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Masoero ◽  
A. Gallo ◽  
M. Moschini ◽  
G. Piva ◽  
D. Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts

scholarly journals Association of paratuberculosis sero-status with milk production and somatic cell counts across 5 lactations, using multilevel mixed models, in dairy cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 7638-7649 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Martins ◽  
P. Oliveira ◽  
B.M. Oliveira ◽  
D. Mendonça ◽  
J. Niza-Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts

scholarly journals Spatial patterns of recorded mastitis incidence and somatic cell counts in Swedish dairy cows: implications for surveillance

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Wolff ◽  
Mark Stevenson ◽  
Ulf Emanuelson ◽  
Agneta Egenvall ◽  
Ann Lindberg
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Swedish Dairy

The influence of long-term dietary inclusion of the antibiotic Actaplanin on dairy cow performance

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 110-110
Author(s):  
M.M. Abubakar ◽  
P. Rowlinson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Increase Milk Production ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
A Performance

The antibiotic Actaplanin is a complex of glycopeptide compounds produced by Actinoplanes missourrensis. When included in feed as a performance enhancer it has been shown to increase milk production of dairy cows (McGuffey et al. 1983). Actaplanin is associated with reduced proportions of acetate and increased proportions of propionate in rumen fluid and a depression in milk fat proportion may result (Clapperton et al. 1987). The aim of the trial reported here was to monitor the effects of feeding 960 mg Actaplanin/head/d to dairy cows throughout two successive lactations.

scholarly journals Prediction of total quarter milk somatic cell counts based on foremilk sampling

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Wellnitz ◽  
Marcus G Doherr ◽  
Marta Woloszyn ◽  
Rupert M Bruckmaier
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Cell Counts

Determination of somatic cell count (SCC) is used worldwide in dairy practice to describe the hygienic status of the milk and the udder health of cows. When SCC is tested on a quarter level to detect single quarters with high SCC levels of cows for practical reasons, mostly foremilk samples after prestimulation (i.e. cleaning of the udder) are used. However, SCC is usually different in different milk fractions. Therefore, the goal of this study was the investigation of the use of foremilk samples for the estimation of total quarter SCC. A total of 378 milkings in 19 dairy cows were performed with a special milking device to drain quarter milk separately. Foremilk samples were taken after udder stimulation and before cluster attachment. SCC was measured in foremilk samples and in total quarter milk. Total quarter milk SCC could not be predicted precisely from foremilk SCC measurements. At relatively high foremilk SCC levels (>300×103 cells/ml) foremilk SCC were higher than total quarter milk. At around (50–300)×103 cells/ml foremilk and total quarter SCC did not differ considerably. Most interestingly, if foremilk SCC was lower than 50×103 cells/ml the total quarter SCC was higher than foremilk SCC. In addition, individual cows showed dramatic variations in foremilk SCC that were not very well related to total quarter milk SCC. In conclusion, foremilk samples are useful to detect high quarter milk SCC to recognize possibly infected quarters, only if precise cell counts are not required. However, foremilk samples can be deceptive if very low cell numbers are to be detected.

A multicomponent herbal feed additive improves somatic cell counts in dairy cows ‐ a two stage, multicentre, placebo‐controlled long‐term on‐farm trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Walkenhorst ◽  
Florian Leiber ◽  
Ariane Maeschli ◽  
Alexandra N. Kapp ◽  
Anet Spengler‐Neff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
On Farm

Influence of the lactoperoxidase system on susceptibility of the udder toStreptococcus uberisinfection

1986 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie M. E. Marshall ◽  
Wendy M. Cole ◽  
A. John Bramley
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Inhibitory System ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Lactoperoxidase System ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Lactating Mammary Gland

SummaryLactoperoxidase (LP), thiocyanate (SCN-), pH and somatic cell counts (SCC) were measured in mammary secretions from 20 cows collected 14 d before drying-off, 7 and 21 d after drying-off, and 3–18 d postcalving. The inhibitory activity of the secretions onStreptococcus uberiswas determined and the susceptibility of the udder to infection by this organism was tested by intramammary infusion of 250 colony forming units at the above stages. LP, SCN-, pH and SCO increased during involution and fell postcalving. The secretions collected before drying-off, 7 d after drying-off and postcalving inhibited growth ofStr. uberis.; those collected 21 d after drying-off did not. Inhibitory activity in pre-drying-off secretions was destroyed by heating and restored by addition of LP, glucose and glucose oxidase, but addition of these substances to secretion 21 d after drying-off did not provide a full inhibitory system. The growth ofStr. uberisin the secretions was correlated with intramammary susceptibility, since challenges withStr. uberisat 14 d before drying-off, at 7 and 21 d after drying-off and postcalving led to 43·8, 25·0, 81·3 and 37·5% of quarters becoming infected. It is suggested that the LP/SCN-/H2O2system plays a role in protecting the lactating mammary gland from infection withStr. uberisbut becomes ineffective as involution progresses.

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