scholarly journals The cost of mental disorders: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Christensen ◽  
C. C. W. Lim ◽  
S. Saha ◽  
O. Plana-Ripoll ◽  
D. Cannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Key Terms

Abstract Aims To identify and synthesise the literature on the cost of mental disorders. Methods Systematic literature searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, EconLit, NHS York Database and PsychInfo using key terms for cost and mental disorders. Searches were restricted to January 1980–May 2019. The inclusion criteria were: (1) cost-of-illness studies or cost-analyses; (2) diagnosis of at least one mental disorder; (3) study population based on the general population; (4) outcome in monetary units. The systematic review was preregistered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42019127783). Results In total, 13 579 potential titles and abstracts were screened and 439 full-text articles were evaluated by two independent reviewers. Of these, 112 articles were included from the systematic searches and 31 additional articles from snowball searching, resulting in 143 included articles. Data were available from 48 countries and categorised according to nine mental disorder groups. The quality of the studies varied widely and there was a lack of studies from low- and middle-income countries and for certain types of mental disorders (e.g. intellectual disabilities and eating disorders). Our study showed that certain groups of mental disorders are more costly than others and that these rankings are relatively stable between countries. An interactive data visualisation site can be found here: https://nbepi.com/econ. Conclusions This is the first study to provide a comprehensive overview of the cost of mental disorders worldwide.

scholarly journals T153. THE ECONOMIC BURDEN OF MENTAL DISORDERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S289-S289
Author(s):  
Maria Christensen ◽  
Carmen Lim ◽  
Sukanta Saha ◽  
Danielle Cannon ◽  
Finley Presley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Production Loss ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Loss Method ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Key Terms

Abstract Background About a third of the world’s population will develop a mental disorder over their lifetime. Having a mental disorder is a huge burden in health loss and cost for the individual, but also for society because of treatment cost, production loss and caregivers’ cost. The objective of this study is to synthesize the international published literature on the economic burden of mental disorders. Methods Systematic literature searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EconLit, NHS York Database and PsychInfo using key terms for cost and mental disorders. Searches were restricted to 1980 until May 2019. The inclusion criteria were: (1) cost-of-illness studies or cost-analyses; (2) diagnosis of at least one mental disorder (3) samples based on the general population; (4) outcome in monetary units. 13,640 publications were screened by their title/abstract and 439 articles were full-text screened by two independent reviewers. 113 articles were included from the systematic searches and 31 articles from snowball searching, giving a total of 144 included articles. Of these, 41 studies had estimates of the economic burden among people with schizophrenia. Results Information about diagnosis, diagnostic criteria, sample size, age, sex, data sources, study perspective, study period, costing approach, cost categories, discount rate and production loss method and cost unit was extracted. The preliminary results show a substantial variety in the used perspective, methodology, costs components and outcomes in the included studies. An online tool is under development enabling the reader to explore the published information on costs by type of mental disorder, subgroups, country, methodology, and study quality. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review synthesizing the economic cost of mental disorders worldwide. The paper will provide an important and comprehensive overview over the economic burden of mental disorders, and the output from this review will inform policy-making.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of interventions to reduce the risk of healthcare-acquired infections in middle-income countries: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
Pushpa Udayangani Gamalathge ◽  
Sanjeewa Kularatna ◽  
Hannah E Carter ◽  
Sameera Senanayake ◽  
Nicholous Graves
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Cost

Background: Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) contribute to prolonged hospital stays and account for a substantial economic burden to healthcare systems. Middle-income countries (MICs) experience a greater burden of HAI than developed countries. Evidence on the cost-effectiveness of interventions to reduce HAI is required to inform decision-making in these settings. Aim: To synthesise the evidence on cost-effectiveness as related to HAI interventions in MICs and to assess the quality of this evidence. Methods: A systematic review of published literature on the cost-effectiveness of interventions to reduce the incidence of HAI in MICs between 2000 and 2018 was conducted. Results: Six studies met the pre-determined inclusion criteria. The studies were from three countries: Thailand; India; and Vietnam. The evidence suggests that interventions to reduce HAI are cost-effective and, in most cases, cost-saving to healthcare systems. The quality of the reporting varied across studies. Conclusions: The implementation of HAI prevention interventions appears to be a high value use of resources in MICs. There is a need for further cost-effectiveness analyses in a wider range of MICs in order to confirm these findings. Improved standardisation and quality of reporting is required.

scholarly journals Global trends in survival from brain tumours in adolescents and young adults: a systematic review.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Girardi ◽  
Claudia Allemani ◽  
Michel P Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Astrocytic Tumours

Abstract Background Brain tumours represent an important cause of cancer-related death in adolescents and young adults. Most are diagnosed in low-income and middle-income countries. We aimed to conduct the first systematic review of time trends and geographical variation in survival in this age group. Methods We included observational studies describing population-based survival from astrocytic tumours in patients aged 15-39 years. We queried six electronic databases from database inception to 30 September 2018. This review is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42018111981. Results Among 5,245 retrieved records, 20 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Only one study was partly conducted in middle-income countries. Five-year survival from astrocytoma (broad morphology group) varied between 48% and 71% (1973-2004), without clear trends or geographic differences. Adolescents with astrocytoma had better outcomes than young adults, but survival values were similar when non-malignant tumours were excluded. During 2002-2007, five-year survival for WHO grade I-II tumours was in the range 75-93% in England, Germany, and the US, but lower in South-Eastern Europe (59%). Five-year survival for anaplastic astrocytoma varied between 40% and 55% (2002-2007). Five-year survival from glioblastoma was in the range 15-23% (1991-2009). Conclusions Survival from astrocytic tumours remained somewhat steady over time, with little change between 1973 and 2009. Survival disparities were difficult to examine, because nearly all the studies were conducted in affluent countries. Studies often adopted the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, which, however, did not allow to accurately describe variation in survival. Larger studies are warranted, including under-represented populations and providing more recent survival estimates. Keywords Population-based survival, brain tumours, adolescents, young adults, time trends.

scholarly journals Poverty and common mental disorders in low and middle income countries: A systematic review

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crick Lund ◽  
Alison Breen ◽  
Alan J. Flisher ◽  
Ritsuko Kakuma ◽  
Joanne Corrigall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Assessing cognition in people with severe mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of assessment measures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohannes Gebreegziabhere Haile ◽  
Kassahun Habatmu ◽  
Andualem Derese ◽  
Hetta Gouse ◽  
Stephen M. Lawrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Brief Assessment ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Cognitive difficulties are common in people with severe mental disorders (SMDs) and various measures of cognition are of proven validity. However, there is a lack of systematic evidence regarding the psychometric properties of these measures in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective To systematically review the psychometric properties of cognitive measures validated in people with SMDs in LMICs. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the literature by searching from four electronic databases. Two authors independently screened studies for their eligibility. Measurement properties of measures in all included studies were extracted. All eligible measures were assessed against criteria set for clinical and research recommendations. Results are summarized narratively and measures were grouped by measurement type and population. Results We identified 23 unique measures from 28 studies. None of these was from low-income settings. Seventeen of the measures were performance-based. The majority (n = 16/23) of the measures were validated in people with schizophrenia. The most commonly reported measurement properties were: known group, convergent, and divergent validity (n = 25/28). For most psychometric property, studies of methodological qualities were found to be doubtful. Among measures evaluated in people with schizophrenia, Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Cognitive Assessment Interview, MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, and CogState Schizophrenia Battery were with the highest scores for clinical and research recommendation. Conclusions Studies included in our review provide only limited quality evidence and future studies should consider adapting and validating measures using stronger designs and methods. Nonetheless, validated assessments of cognition could help in the management and allocating therapy in people with SMDs in LMICs.

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