scholarly journals Domestic Autonomy and Environmental International Non-Governmental Organizations: A Cross-National Analysis of Forest Loss

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Jamie M. Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Forest Loss ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

Non-governmental organizations, boomerangs, and forest loss: a cross-national analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-432
Author(s):  
Samia Tasmim ◽  
Jamie M. Sommer ◽  
Kristen Shorette ◽  
John M. Shandra
Keyword(s):  
Forest Loss ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

scholarly journals Debt, Structural Adjustment, and Non-Governmental Organizations: A Cross-National Analysis of Maternal Mortality

2010 ◽  
pp. 217-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Shandra ◽  
Carrie L. Shandra ◽  
Bruce London
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Lagged Dependent Variable ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross National

We begin this study by considering dependency theory claims regarding the harmful influence of both debt and structural adjustment on maternal mortality. We expand upon previous research by conducting the first cross-national study to examine the impact of health and women’s non-governmental organizations on maternal mortality. In doing so, we use lagged dependent variable panel regression for a sample of sixty-five poor nations. We find substantial support for dependency theory that higher levels of debt service, structural adjustment, and multinational corporate investment are associated with increased maternal mortality. Initially, we find no support for world polity theory that health and women’s non-governmental organizations are significantly related to maternal mortality. However, we respecify our original models in order to test the idea that democratic nations provide a "political opportunity structure" that improves the ability of health and women’s non-governmental organizations to deliver health and other social services. We find substantial support for this hypothesis. The results indicate that both health and women’s non-governmental organizations are associated with decreased maternal mortality in nations with higher levels of democracy than in nations with lower levels of democracy. We conclude with a discussion of the findings, theoretical implications, methodological implications, policy implications, and potential directions for future research.

scholarly journals Silencing Their Critics: How Government Restrictions Against Civil Society Affect International ‘Naming and Shaming’

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Smidt ◽  
Dominic Perera ◽  
Neil J. Mitchell ◽  
Kristin M. Bakke
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The One ◽  
Naming And Shaming ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
Cross National

Abstract International ‘naming and shaming’ campaigns rely on domestic civil society organizations (CSOs) for information on local human rights conditions. To stop this flow of information, some governments restrict CSOs, for example by limiting their access to funding. Do such restrictions reduce international naming and shaming campaigns that rely on information from domestic CSOs? This article argues that on the one hand, restrictions may reduce CSOs’ ability and motives to monitor local abuses. On the other hand, these organizations may mobilize against restrictions and find new ways of delivering information on human rights violations to international publics. Using a cross-national dataset and in-depth evidence from Egypt, the study finds that low numbers of restrictions trigger shaming by international non-governmental organizations. Yet once governments impose multiple types of restrictions, it becomes harder for CSOs to adapt, resulting in fewer international shaming campaigns.

scholarly journals The United States, Bilateral Debt-for-Nature Swaps, and Forest Loss: A Cross-National Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-764
Author(s):  
Jamie M. Sommer ◽  
Michael Restivo ◽  
John M. Shandra
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National

scholarly journals The International Finance Corporation and Forest Loss: A Cross-National Analysis

2011 ◽  
pp. 328-352
Author(s):  
John M. Shandra ◽  
Eric Shircliff ◽  
Bruce London
Keyword(s):  
International Finance ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
International Finance Corporation ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Cross National ◽  
Low And Middle Income

We conduct the first cross-national study to consider the impact of the World Bank’s International Finance Corporation loans on forests. In doing so, we analyze data for a sample of sixty-one low and middle income nations for the period of 1990 to 2005. We find substantial support for dependency theory that low and middle income nations that receive an International Finance Corporation loan tend to have higher rates of deforestation than low and middle income nations that do not receive such a loan. We also find that other aspects of World Bank lending affect forest loss including structural adjustment and investment lending. We conclude with a discussion of the findings, theoretical implications, methodological implications, policy implications, and possible directions for future research.

INGO memberships revisited: Local variation of receptor sites in the education sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia C Lerch
Keyword(s):  
Local Variation ◽  
Local Schools ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Cultural Ideals ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Humanitarian Crises ◽  
Cross National

This article investigates cross-national variation in the types of locally based actors, or “receptor sites,” that connect with international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) in local contexts. Empirics center on an INGO disseminating global best practices for education in humanitarian crises to a membership of around 10,000 individuals in over 150 countries. Members reported working at a range of organizations, here conceptualized as receptor sites. Using multivariate regression, I examine cross-national differences in a subset of these workplace affiliations. Findings show that members join primarily in Western countries and in specific sites of humanitarian crises. However, they tend to be affiliated with different types of receptors in these two contexts due to differences in the underlying factors that generate INGO ties. Receptors influential in the construction of global norms (such as aid donors and universities) dominate in the Western core, where ties serve as a means for promoting cultural ideals elsewhere. In contrast, implementing organizations (such as local schools, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and governments) prevail in humanitarian crises, where ties offer access to global resources in tackling local issues. Country-level ties to INGOs are thus not always equivalent, but can capture locally variant pathways for diffusion.

Women, non-governmental organizations, and deforestation: a cross-national study

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 48-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Shandra ◽  
Carrie L. Shandra ◽  
Bruce London
Keyword(s):  
National Study ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
Cross National
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