Predicting Slow Pyrolysis Process Outcomes with Simplified Empirical Correlations for a Consistent Higher Heating Temperature: Biochar Yield and Ash Content

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 14223-14231
Author(s):  
Jessica. A. Allen ◽  
Adriana. E. Downie
Keyword(s):  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Process Outcomes

scholarly journals Characteristics of coconut frond as a potential feedstock for biochar via slow pyrolysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-413
Author(s):  
Nur Syairah Mohamad Aziz ◽  
Adilah Shariff ◽  
Nurhayati Abdullah ◽  
Nurhidayah Mohamed Noor
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
High Heating

The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of coconut frond as a feedstock for biochar production via slow pyrolysis process.  Proximate, elemental and thermogravimetric analysis were performed to evaluate the chemical and thermal properties of the coconut frond.  The percentage of its lignocellulosic component and high heating value were determined. Surface morphology of coconut frond was examined using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Coconut frond (CF) contains 78.03±3.91 d.b. wt% of volatile matter, 4.96±0.07 d.b. wt% of ash content and 17.01±3.86 d.b. wt% of fixed carbon. Elemental analysis revealed a sulfur content of 0.94±0.12 %, while the percentage of nitrogen is 0.46±0.33%. The composition of carbon and hydrogen are 34.0±6.22 % and 7.71±0.34 % respectively. The high heating value of CF is 17.77±0.40 MJ/kg. CF consists of 43.91±1.80 % cellulose, 31.58±1.20 % hemicellulose, and 18.15±0.60 % lignin. From thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, it is apparent that the weight loss of CF occurred prominently in the temperature range 200°C - 400°C.  The peaks of the DTG curve at 281.75±0.35 °C and 334.08±0.35°C indicate the weight loss of coconut frond sample due to the degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose, respectively. The FESEM images of CF show its fibrous strands are compact with a few large pores with diameters around 42.5 - 48.1 μm large pores in the center of the CF sample. The results of the analysis show that CF has a potential as a feedstock for biochar production via slow pyrolysis. CF also can be used in other application such as syngas and bio-oil production due to the low lignin percentage and high volatile percentage.

scholarly journals Substrates for slow pyrolysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 08004
Author(s):  
Václav Peer ◽  
Jaroslav Frantík ◽  
Jan Kielar ◽  
Drahomír Mašek
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Simple Construction ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

Slow pyrolysis of solid materials can produce new materials usable for energy or chemical industry. The advantage of pyrolysis devices is the simple construction and process control and the ability to utilize materials with different properties (composition, ash content). Produced gaseous, liquid and solid materials could be used as a sources of energy, raw materials in chemical industry or substances for improving of soil properties. At article are described products of slow pyrolysis of biomass (wood chips), agrifuels (hay, wheat straw) and sewage sludge.

Characterization of human manure-derived biochar and energy-balance analysis of slow pyrolysis process

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1619-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Zifu Li ◽  
Yaozhong Zhang ◽  
Rui Feng ◽  
Ibrahim Babatunde Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Energy Balance Analysis

scholarly journals Pre-Treatment of Furniture Waste for Smokeless Charcoal Production

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3188
Author(s):  
Paweł Kazimierski ◽  
Paulina Hercel ◽  
Katarzyna Januszewicz ◽  
Dariusz Kardaś
Keyword(s):  
Oriented Strand Board ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using furniture waste for smokeless fuel production using the pyrolysis process. Four types of wood-based wastes were used in the pyrolysis process: pine sawdust (PS), chipboard (CB), medium-density fiberboard (MDF), and oriented strand board (OSB). Additionally, the slow and fast types of pyrolysis were compared, where the heating rates were 15 °C/min and 100 °C/min, respectively. Chemical analyses of the raw materials and the pyrolysis product yields are presented. A significant calorific value rise was observed for the solid pyrolysis products (from approximately 17.5 MJ/kg for raw materials up to approximately 29 MJ/kg for slow pyrolysis products and 31 MJ/kg for fast pyrolysis products). A higher carbon content of char was observed in raw materials (from approximately 48% for raw materials up to approximately 75% for slow pyrolysis products and approximately 82% for fast pyrolysis products) than after the pyrolysis process. This work presents the possibility of utilizing waste furniture material that is mostly composed of wood, but is not commonly used as a substrate for conversion into low-emission fuel. The results prove that the proposed solution produced char characterized by the appropriate properties to be classified as smokeless coal.

Energy Balance Analysis on the Slow Pyrolysis Process of Cattle Manure

2013 ◽  
Vol 392 ◽  
pp. 531-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Zi Fu Li ◽  
Yao Zhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Process Energy ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Energy Balances

Energy balances are increasingly used to assess the energy efficiency and productivity of production. In this study, energy balances for the slow pyrolysis process of cow manure were calculated. The results show that, for cow manure dry matter, all the recovered energy value from the pyrolysis process products is about 12 times of the energy needs for the dry matters pyrolysis process. But the moisture has a noteworthy impact on the energy efficiency. When the input moisture is 60.85%, the recovered energy value from all products is approximately equal to the process energy consumption, and if only using non-condensable gases (NCG) as the energy resource, the input moisture should lower than 36.63%. Meanwhile, if the vapor could be separated in the beginning phase of pyrolysis process, the energy efficiency will be greatly improved, e.g. if removed all water vapor out the system at 423K, the former two data could be 71.43% and 48.18%, which is 10.58% and 11.45% higher than the process without vapor separation handling.

Influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shaaban ◽  
Sian-Meng Se ◽  
M.F. Dimin ◽  
Jariah M. Juoi ◽  
Mohd Haizal Mohd Husin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Rubber Wood

scholarly journals Characterization of Slow Pyrolysis Wood Vinegar and Tar from Banana Wastes Biomass as Potential Organic Pesticides

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Omulo ◽  
Sarah Willett ◽  
Jeffrey Seay ◽  
Noble Banadda ◽  
Isa Kabenge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Wood Vinegar ◽  
Peak Areas ◽  
Organic Pesticides ◽  
Banana Wastes

Slow pyrolysis process has been used in the recent past to yield wood vinegar from various biomass wastes with a quest to investigate their chemical composition and possible uses. This study utilizes the abundant banana wastes in Uganda including leaves, pseudostem and peels (mpologoma, kisansa and kibuzi species) in the slow pyrolysis process to yield vinegar, tar and biochar. Characterization of these banana wastes’ vinegar and tar fractions were investigated via chromatographic and physicochemical analysis. The principle compounds present in the banana wastes vinegar and tar as per percentage peak areas were acids (68.6%), alcohols (62.5%), ketones (27.6%), phenols (25.7%) and furans (21.8%). The products characterization indicate that vinegar and tar contain compounds that can be used as pesticides, termiticide, fungicides, insect repellants, anti-leaching and soil degradation agents. Thus wood vinegar and tar can have sustainable impacts on agricultural sectors and chemical industries especially for developing countries.

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