Molecular Mass and Molecular-Mass Distribution of TEMPO-Oxidized Celluloses and TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibrils

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 675-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoya Hiraoki ◽  
Yuko Ono ◽  
Tsuguyuki Saito ◽  
Akira Isogai
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Molecular Mass Distribution ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Oxidized Cellulose

New approaches for the determination of dextran in the sugar production process

2018 ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Abraham ◽  
Eckhard Flöter
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Molecular Mass Distribution ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Mass Variation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Enzyme Application

The presence of polysaccharides in cane and beet raw juices causes several negative effects during the sugar manufacture. These are usually mitigated by enzymatic decomposition of dextrans. Such effects not only depend on the content, but also on the molecular mass distribution. This means that the different dextran fractions specifically affect the process. An accurate process control hence requires the most precise knowledge about the existing content and the molecular mass distribution present. A detailed understanding of the specific processing problems and also a targeted enzyme application hence requires the determination of a total dextran content and also its characterization including the differentiation between the different dextran fractions. An accurate analytical tool which equally satisfies industrial applicability is still lacking. To improve on this situation, two new approaches for the determination of dextran were developed and benchmarked against the commonly used and established Haze Method, which is rather inaccurate and also sensitive to molecular mass variation. The two new approaches are both based on polarimetry. These two methods indicate to be superior over the Haze Method with respect two molecular mass variation and hence enable the determination of a broader molecular size range including also low molecular mass dextrans.

Aspects of measurements of the hydrodynamics size and molecular mass distribution of humic and fulvic acids

2007 ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Wolf ◽  
Gunnar Buckau ◽  
Horstr Geckeis ◽  
Ngo Manh Thang ◽  
Enamul Hoque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Molecular Mass Distribution ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids

Molecular mass distribution of chitin and chitosan

1994 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Hasegawa ◽  
Akira Isogai ◽  
Fumihiko Onabe
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Molecular Mass Distribution ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan
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