scholarly journals Impact of Systematic Errors on the Determination of Cellulose Pyrolysis Kinetics

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1309-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Jerry Antal ◽  
Gábor Várhegyi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Cellulose Pyrolysis

Statistics and parallaxes

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 7-29
Author(s):  
T. E. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Trigonometric Parallaxes ◽  
Systematic And Random Errors

This review paper deals with the use of statistical methods to evaluate systematic and random errors associated with trigonometric parallaxes. First, systematic errors which arise when using trigonometric parallaxes to calibrate luminosity systems are discussed. Next, determination of the external errors of parallax measurement are reviewed. Observatory corrections are discussed. Schilt’s point, that as the causes of these systematic differences between observatories are not known the computed corrections can not be applied appropriately, is emphasized. However, modern parallax work is sufficiently accurate that it is necessary to determine observatory corrections if full use is to be made of the potential precision of the data. To this end, it is suggested that a prior experimental design is required. Past experience has shown that accidental overlap of observing programs will not suffice to determine observatory corrections which are meaningful.

Systematic errors in equilibrium composition of ternary liquid-liquid systems and their effect on the calculated number of theoretical stages of countercurrent extraction

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1172-1180
Author(s):  
Ján Dojčanský ◽  
Soňa Bafrncová ◽  
Július Surový
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Composition ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Countercurrent Extraction ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Equilibrium Concentrations ◽  
Line Slope ◽  
Tie Line ◽  
Calculated Number

The influence of magnitude of systematic errors in the determination of ternary liquid-liquid equilibrium concentrations on the accuracy of the calculated number of theoretical stages of countercurrent extraction is evaluated on using five hypothetical systems differing in the extent of mutual solubility of components, tie-line slope, and type of binodal curve.

Causes and elimination of systematic errors in the determination of iron and cobalt in aqueous solutions in the ng/ml and pg/ml range

Talanta ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1011-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Gretzinger ◽  
L. Kotz ◽  
P. Tschöpel ◽  
G. Tölg
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Systematic Errors

scholarly journals The determination of glacier speed by time-lapse photography under unfavorable conditions

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (129) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.D. Harrison ◽  
K.A. Echelmeyer ◽  
D.M. Cosgrove ◽  
C. F. Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Time Lapse ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Horizontal Motion ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Alaska Range ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
West Fork ◽  
Time Lapse Photography

AbstractTwo practical problems in the use of time-lapse photography for the measurement of speed were encountered during the recent surge of West Fork Glacier in the central Alaska Range, Alaska, U.S.A. The first is severe rotational camera instability; we show how natural, unsurveyed features on the valley wall can be used to make the necessary corrections. The second problem is the computation of absolute speed when many different, unsurveyed glacier-surface features are used as targets. We give a method for connecting the data obtained from different targets, and for determining the scale using limited information obtained by surveying. Severe systematic errors can occur unless the angle between the axis of the lens and the direction of horizontal motion is determined.

scholarly journals Potentiometric Determination of Chlorate Impurities in Hypochlorite Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Girenko ◽  
Al’ona A. Gyrenko ◽  
Nikolai V. Nikolenko
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Sodium Sulfite ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Expanded Uncertainty ◽  
Iodide Ions ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Sophisticated Equipment ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fold Excess

The method of iodometric determination of chlorates impurities in sodium hypochlorite solutions for medical and veterinary purposes was developed. This method does not require sophisticated equipment and can be implemented directly where the solutions are used. The method is based on the different rates of interaction of ClO- and ClO3- with iodide ions depending on the acidity of the medium. We have shown that blank titration is advisable to improve the accuracy of the determination of low concentrations of chlorates in the matrix of hypochlorite which is present in excess since in this case possible systematic errors due to the presence of oxidizing impurities in the reagents are prevented. To quantify the low concentrations of chlorates, we proposed to remove 85-95% of hypochlorite ions by means of reducing their excess with sodium sulfite at pH 10.5. The solution of sodium sulfite does not require standardization before each analysis in the proposed procedure. The possibility of quantitative determination of chlorate impurities in the range of 2-50 mg/L in the presence of 50-500–fold excess of sodium hypochlorite with an error of 5% has been proved. The expanded uncertainty of chlorate determination did not exceed 0.6 mg/L.

scholarly journals Youden Analysis of Karl Fischer Titration Data from an Interlaboratory Study Determining Water in Animal Feed, Grain, and Forage

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1840-1841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank E Jones
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Interlaboratory Study ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Karl Fischer Titration ◽  
Karl Fischer ◽  
Collaborative Studies ◽  
Titration Data ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility

Abstract Data from a recent interlaboratory study of the determination of water (moisture) in animal feed, grain, and forage (plant tissue) by Karl Fischer titration were re-analyzed using Youden plots. The purpose was to show the unique ability these plots possess of separating random and systematic errors visually while providing numerical estimates of the precision and the systematic error of the method. Furthermore, the usefulness of the technique is underscored because AOAC INTERNATIONAL allows the use of matched pairs in collaborative studies to obtain estimates of repeatability and reproducibility.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document