The Flame Retardant β-1,2-Dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane: Fate, Fertility, and Reproductive Success in American Kestrels (Falco sparverius)

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (15) ◽  
pp. 8440-8447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Marteinson ◽  
Robert J. Letcher ◽  
Laura Graham ◽  
Sarah Kimmins ◽  
Gregg Tomy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Falco Sparverius ◽  
American Kestrels

Reproductive changes in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) in relation to exposure to technical hexabromocyclododecane flame retardant

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2570-2575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim J. Fernie ◽  
Sarah C. Marteinson ◽  
David M. Bird ◽  
Ian J. Ritchie ◽  
Robert J. Letcher
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Falco Sparverius ◽  
American Kestrels

Reproductive performance of American Kestrels laying replacement clutches

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2590-2593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reed Bowman ◽  
David M. Bird
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Falco Sparverius ◽  
Nestling Growth ◽  
Fledging Success ◽  
American Kestrels ◽  
First Clutch ◽  
Second Clutch

Egg dimensions, nestling growth, and reproductive success were compared between first and second clutch nests of American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) to determine the influence of renesting on fledging success. Eggs were removed from 11 nests during 1982–1983. Eight nests served as controls. Most pairs (81.8%) renested on their original territory. We found no significant differences in egg dimensions, fertility, or hatchability between the two groups. Second clutch males (n = 6 clutches) were smaller at hatching than males from first clutches (n = 8 clutches). By day 24 these males (n = 5 clutches) were heavier, with significantly longer manus and antebrachia than first clutch males (n = 3 clutches). However, five of eight first clutch nests fledged all males before day 24. Males remaining in first clutch nests beyond day 24 were lighter with significantly smaller antebrachia by day 18 than males fledging before day 24. This may have biased our comparisons between first and second clutch males. No significant differences in growth were found between female groups. First-clutch progeny fledged significantly younger than second-clutch birds. Males fledged earlier than females in first clutches, but the sexes fledged simultaneously in second clutches.

Uptake, distribution, depletion, and in ovo transfer of isomers of hexabromocyclododecane flame retardant in diet-exposed American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1103-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Letcher ◽  
Lisa C. Mattioli ◽  
Sarah C. Marteinson ◽  
David Bird ◽  
Ian J. Ritchie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Falco Sparverius ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
American Kestrels

The effect of Trichinella pseudospiralis infection on the reproductive success of captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 2123-2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle D. Saumier ◽  
Manfred E. Rau ◽  
David M. Bird
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Falco Sparverius ◽  
Embryo Mortality ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
American Kestrels ◽  
Do So

Trichinella pseudospiralis infections reduced the reproductive success of captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius). Infected birds manifested a delayed onset of egg laying (day 31) when compared with uninfected controls (day 23). All control females continued to produce eggs after the first three were removed, but only 66.7% of the infected females managed to do so. Consequently, infected birds produced a mean total of only 4.9 eggs, as compared with 7.1 eggs for the controls. Breakage (29.0%) and embryo mortality (40.0%) were the major sources of egg loss among infected birds. The corresponding losses among control birds were 1.6 and 4.7%, respectively. Consequently, control birds produced an average of 2.1 hatchlings per pair, whereas infected birds produced only 0.6.

The influence of Trichinella pseudospiralis infection on the behaviour of captive, nonbreeding American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1685-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle D. Saumier ◽  
Manfred E. Rau ◽  
David M. Bird
Keyword(s):  
Falco Sparverius ◽  
Competitive Fitness ◽  
American Kestrel ◽  
Behavioural Changes ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis ◽  
Behavioural Effects ◽  
American Kestrels ◽  
Muscle Larvae ◽  
Adult Phase ◽  
Muscle Groups

Trichinella pseudospiralis infections induced mild behavioural changes in the American kestrel host (Falco sparverius) within the first 5 days postinoculation, a period that corresponds to the adult phase of the infection. However, more severe effects on mobility were precipitated as the larvae migrated and became established in the musculature. The debilitation persisted for at least 5 weeks postinoculation and involved a reduction in exercising, flying, elevated perching, and preening, and was accompanied by an increase in the frequency of walking and floor perching. Such behavioural effects, attributable to the presence of muscle larvae, may reduce the competitive fitness of infected individuals. The muscle larvae were randomly distributed among various muscle groups.

scholarly journals Reproductive Success of American Kestrels: The Role of Prey Abundance and Weather

The Condor ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 814-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell D. Dawson ◽  
Gary R. Bortolotti
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Prey Abundance ◽  
Offspring Size ◽  
Minimum Threshold ◽  
Provisioning Behavior ◽  
American Kestrels ◽  
Parental Provisioning

Abstract We investigated how natural variation in abundance and availability of the main prey of American Kestrels (Falco sparverius), small mammals, influenced provisioning rates by parents, and offspring size and survival. Provisioning behavior of kestrels was not constrained by the abundance of food in the environment; however, the availability of food, mediated through variation in weather, appeared to significantly influence parental provisioning behavior. Moreover, variation in weather had clear effects on reproductive success because nestlings exposed to inclement weather were smaller and lighter at fledging, and less likely to survive to fledging, compared to nestlings raised during good weather conditions. Prey abundance was not related to offspring size or survival. Our results suggest American Kestrels are limited by the availability, as opposed to abundance, of food on territories. It is likely that during our study, prey abundance was above some minimum threshold necessary to support successful reproduction, and so variation in weather affected reproduction more than variation in prey abundance.

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