Optical absorption constant of suspended particulate matter. An air pollution index

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1221-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Allegrini
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Air Pollution Index ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Absorption Constant

scholarly journals Effect of Air Pollution on Age at Menarche

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Wronka ◽  
Katarzyna Kliś
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives to analyse the association between the degree of air pollution (suspended particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, benzopyrene levels) in the location of residence during childhood and adolescence and the age at menarche Methods Anthropometric measurements were performed, and questionnaire data were collected from 1,257 women, aged 19-25 years Results Negative relationships between age at menarche and suspended particulate matter as well as nitrogen levels were found. A similar trend was observed in an analysis of the relationship between age at menarche and the complex air pollution index. The tendency for age at menarche to decrease together with worsening air quality was also visible after adjusted for socioeconomic status. Girls exposed to high suspended particulate matter levels were characterised by higher risk of early age at menarche. Conclusion High levels of air pollution are related to younger age at menarche and the risk of the menstruation onset below 11 y.

Air pollution and public health: the challenges for Delhi, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Sharma ◽  
Palak Baliyan ◽  
Prashant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
Suspended Particulate

AbstractMitigating the impact of pollution on human health worldwide is important to limit the morbidity and mortality arising from exposure to its effect. The level and type of pollutants vary in different urban and rural settings. Here, we explored the extent of air pollution and its impacts on human health in the megacity of Delhi (India) through a review of the published literature. The study aims at describing the extent of air pollution in Delhi, the magnitude of health problems due to air pollution and the risk relationship between air pollution and associated health effects. We found 234 published articles in the PubMed search. The search showed that the extent of air pollution in Delhi has been described by various researchers from about 1986 onwards. We synthesized the findings and discuss them at length with respect to reported values, their possible interpretations and any limitations of the methodology. The chemical composition of ambient air pollution is also discussed. Further, we discuss the magnitude of health problem with respect to chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), bronchial asthma and other illnesses. The results of the literature search showed that data has been collected in last 28 years on ambient air quality in Delhi, though it lacks a scientific continuity, consistency of locations and variations in parameters chosen for reporting. As a result, it is difficult to construct a spatiotemporal picture of the air pollution status in Delhi over time. The number of sites from where data have been collected varied widely across studies and methods used for data collection is also non-uniform. Even the parameters studied are varied, as some studies focused on particulate matter ≤10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and those ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), and others on suspended particulate matter (SPM) and respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM). Similarly, the locations of data collection have varied widely. Some of the sites were at busy traffic intersections, some on the terraces of offices and residential houses and others in university campuses or airports. As a result, the key question of the extent of pollution and its distribution across various parts of the city could be inferred. None of the studies or a combination of them could present a complete picture of the burden of diseases like COPD, bronchial asthma and other allergic conditions attributable to pollution in Delhi. Neither could it be established what fraction of the burden of the above diseases is attributable to ambient air pollution, given that other factors like tobacco smoke and indoor air pollution are also contributors to the causation of such diseases. In our discussion, we highlight the knowledge gaps and in the conclusion, we suggested what research can be undertaken to fill the these research gaps.

scholarly journals A Study of Mean RSPM And SPM Levels at Selected Sites in Assam During the Recent Decade

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Tongdi Jamir
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Increasing Trend

Abstract Air pollution is an important issue around the world. Evidence of air pollution and its impact has been well established by the scientific communities. The effects of these changes on the smaller towns in Brahmaputra valley of Assam still need to be investigated. This study concludes that Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM) shows increasing trend in all the seasons except during the monsoon season but significant during the winter season. The study also reveals that RSPM remained above the standards throughout the decade, unlike SPM, which rose above the standards only during the years 2006, 2008 and 2009. It is also observed that during the rainy seasons Coefficient of Variation (CV) is high in maximum numbers of stations. The study concludes that exponential increase in population; vehicular activities, rainfall and wind direction as well as geographical conditions have indirectly influenced the pollutions.

scholarly journals Assessment of air pollution by small-sized suspended particulate matter in urbanized territories with various technogenic load (on the example of Vladivostok, Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e0304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila S. Barskova ◽  
Tatyana I. Vitkina ◽  
Tatyana A. Gvozdenko ◽  
Lyudmila V. Veremchuk ◽  
Kirill S. Golokhvast
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Indoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Function of Children in Ashok Vihar, Delhi: An Exposure-Response Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Jitendra K. Nagar ◽  
Harsh Kumar ◽  
Alka S. Kushwah ◽  
Mahesh Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
History Of

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indoor air pollution on respiratory function of children (aged 7-15 years). The study took place at Ashok Vihar, an urban locality in the northwest part of Delhi during the summer months of June and July 2004. The team did house visits. The questionnaire, administered at the house itself, asked about the history of smoking in the family, type of cooking fuel used, duration of cooking, ventilation and lighting at the cooking place, and other confounders. In total, 441 children (59% male, 41% female) between ages 7 and 15 years were considered for the study, and a detailed profile was collected. Clinical examination with special reference to respiratory system was done. Pulmonary function tests/peak expiratory flow rates of each child were measured. Indoor air pollutant (suspended particulate matter, SO2, NO2) was measured, and the effect of these pollutants on the children's respiratory function was analyzed. The respiratory health profile suggests that children had cough, sputum production, shortness of breath, wheezing, common cold, and throat congestion. Indoor SO2 , NO2, and suspended particulate matter levels were high in houses where there was a family history of smoking. SO2 level was significantly high according to occupancy per room. NO2 and suspended particulate matter levels were significantly high in houses where children had respiratory problems. It is concluded that indoor air pollution had an association with respiratory function of children.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Chemical and Physical Environmental Aspects that Promoted the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Lombard Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Roberto Dragone ◽  
Giorgio Licciardi ◽  
Gerardo Grasso ◽  
Costantino Del Gaudio ◽  
Jocelyn Chanussot
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Recent works have demonstrated that particulate matter (PM) and specific meteorological conditions played an important role in the airborne transmission of the SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. These studies suggest that these parameters could influence the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. In the present investigation, we sought to investigate the association between air pollution, meteorological data, and the Lombardy region COVID-19 outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2. We considered the number of detected infected people at the regional and provincial scale from February to March 2020. Air pollution data were collected over the Lombardy region, nominally, sulphur dioxide, ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, and suspended particulate matter measuring less than 10 μm (PM10) and less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5). Meteorological data have been collected over the same region for temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. In this work, we evaluated the combined impact of environmental pollutants and climate conditions on the COVID-19 outbreak. The analysis evidenced a positive correlation between spatial distribution of COVID-19 infection cases with high concentrations of suspended particulate matter and a negative relationship with ozone. Moreover, suspended particulate matter concentration peaks in February correlated positively with infection peaks according to the virus incubation period. The obtained results suggested that seasonal weather conditions and concentration of air pollutants seemed to influence COVID-19 epidemics in Lombardy region.

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