scholarly journals A Study of Mean RSPM And SPM Levels at Selected Sites in Assam During the Recent Decade

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Tongdi Jamir
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Increasing Trend

Abstract Air pollution is an important issue around the world. Evidence of air pollution and its impact has been well established by the scientific communities. The effects of these changes on the smaller towns in Brahmaputra valley of Assam still need to be investigated. This study concludes that Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM) shows increasing trend in all the seasons except during the monsoon season but significant during the winter season. The study also reveals that RSPM remained above the standards throughout the decade, unlike SPM, which rose above the standards only during the years 2006, 2008 and 2009. It is also observed that during the rainy seasons Coefficient of Variation (CV) is high in maximum numbers of stations. The study concludes that exponential increase in population; vehicular activities, rainfall and wind direction as well as geographical conditions have indirectly influenced the pollutions.

scholarly journals Satellite-based study of physico-optical properties of aerosols over a westernmost location of Brahmaputra valley

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhuma Biswas 1
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Cloud Condensation Nuclei ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Earth Observing System ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Long Term Trend ◽  
Term Analysis

This study examines the long term trend of the radiatively active atmospheric aerosols which can influence the Earth’s energy budget directly by scattering and absorbing radiation and indirectly by acting as cloud condensation nuclei. MODIS sensor on board the NASA Earth Observing System Terra and Aqua satellite based Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data are used for long term analysis of aerosols over Bongaigaon, Assam for the period August, 2002 to March, 2017. Highest AOD values are observed in pre-monsoon (March-May) season due to long range transportation as well as intense biomass burning activities especially as a part of Jhum cultivation. In general, AOD values are low in post-monsoon (October-November) season which may be due to wash out of aerosols by rain in the preceding months without enough replacement. The monthly AOD values vary from its highest value 0.949 in April, 2016 to its lowest value 0.107 in November, 2002 for the study period. From the comparison of MODIS Terra and Aqua AOD at 550 nm, it is clearly seen that generally Terra AOD at 10:30 hr is higher than the Aqua AOD at 13:30hr. A slowly increasing trend of both Aqua and Terra AOD at 550 nm is observed over the study location. The observed Ångström exponent value varies from its minimum value in monsoon season to its maximum value in winter season. With increasing AOD values, horizontal visibility decreases over Bongaigaon.

Air pollution and public health: the challenges for Delhi, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Sharma ◽  
Palak Baliyan ◽  
Prashant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
Suspended Particulate

AbstractMitigating the impact of pollution on human health worldwide is important to limit the morbidity and mortality arising from exposure to its effect. The level and type of pollutants vary in different urban and rural settings. Here, we explored the extent of air pollution and its impacts on human health in the megacity of Delhi (India) through a review of the published literature. The study aims at describing the extent of air pollution in Delhi, the magnitude of health problems due to air pollution and the risk relationship between air pollution and associated health effects. We found 234 published articles in the PubMed search. The search showed that the extent of air pollution in Delhi has been described by various researchers from about 1986 onwards. We synthesized the findings and discuss them at length with respect to reported values, their possible interpretations and any limitations of the methodology. The chemical composition of ambient air pollution is also discussed. Further, we discuss the magnitude of health problem with respect to chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), bronchial asthma and other illnesses. The results of the literature search showed that data has been collected in last 28 years on ambient air quality in Delhi, though it lacks a scientific continuity, consistency of locations and variations in parameters chosen for reporting. As a result, it is difficult to construct a spatiotemporal picture of the air pollution status in Delhi over time. The number of sites from where data have been collected varied widely across studies and methods used for data collection is also non-uniform. Even the parameters studied are varied, as some studies focused on particulate matter ≤10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and those ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), and others on suspended particulate matter (SPM) and respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM). Similarly, the locations of data collection have varied widely. Some of the sites were at busy traffic intersections, some on the terraces of offices and residential houses and others in university campuses or airports. As a result, the key question of the extent of pollution and its distribution across various parts of the city could be inferred. None of the studies or a combination of them could present a complete picture of the burden of diseases like COPD, bronchial asthma and other allergic conditions attributable to pollution in Delhi. Neither could it be established what fraction of the burden of the above diseases is attributable to ambient air pollution, given that other factors like tobacco smoke and indoor air pollution are also contributors to the causation of such diseases. In our discussion, we highlight the knowledge gaps and in the conclusion, we suggested what research can be undertaken to fill the these research gaps.

scholarly journals Preliminary analysis of variability in concentration of fine particulate matter - PM1.0, PM2.5 and PM10 in area of Poznań city

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Izabela Sówka ◽  
Anna Chlebowska-Styś ◽  
Barbara Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Suspended Particulate

It is commonly known, that suspended particulate matter pose a threat to human life and health, negatively influence the flora, climate and also materials. Especially dangerous is the presence of high concentration of particulate matter in the area of cities, where density of population is high. The research aimed at determining the variability of suspended particulate matter concentration (PM1.0, PM2.5 and PM10) in two different thermal seasons, in the area of Poznań city. As a part of carried out work we analyzed the variability of concentrations and also performed a preliminary analysis of their correlation. Measured concentrations of particulate matter were contained within following ranges: PM10 – 8.7-69.6 μg/m3, PM2.5 – 2.2-88.5 μg/m3, PM1.0 – 2.5-22.9 μg/m3 in the winter season and 1.0-42.8 μg/m3 (PM10), 1.2-40.3 μg/m3 (PM2.5) and 2.7-10.4 (PM1.0) in the summer season. Preliminary correlative analysis indicated interdependence between the temperature of air, the speed of wind and concentration of particulate matter in selected measurement points. The values of correlation coefficients between the air temperature, speed of wind and concentrations of particulate matter were respectively equal to: for PM10: -0.59 and -0.55 (Jana Pawła II Street), -0.53 and -0.53 (Szymanowskiego Street), for PM2.5: -0.60 and -0.53 (Jana Pawła II Street) and for PM1.0 -0.40 and -0.59 (Jana Pawła II Street).

scholarly journals Natural isotopic composition of nitrogen in suspended particulate matter in the Bay of Bengal

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kumar ◽  
R. Ramesh ◽  
N. B. Bhosle ◽  
S. Sardesai ◽  
M. S. Sheshshayee
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. We present the first measurement of nitrogen isotopic composition (δ15N) in suspended particulate matter (SPM) of the surface Bay of Bengal (BOB) at 24 different locations during pre- (April–May 2003) and post- (September–October 2002) monsoon seasons. The δ15N of particulate organic nitrogen (PON) in surface suspended matter of coastal as well as northern open BOB shows signatures of a two end-member mixing between continental inputs and marine sources. Dilution by the organic and detrital continental material brought in by rivers leads to consistently lower δ15N, evident from the relationship between surface salinity and δ15N. δ15N of surface PON of open ocean locations during both seasons, and also at coastal locations during pre-monsoon suggest the nitrate from deeper waters as a predominant source of nutrient for planktons. The depth profiles of δ15N of SPM during pre-monsoon season at nine different locations are also presented. These indicate an increase in δ15N by a maximum of 2.8‰ between euphotic depth and 300 m, which is lower than that observed in the eastern Indian Ocean, indicating the role of higher sinking rates of particles ballasted by aggregates of organic and mineral matter in BOB.

scholarly journals Assessment of air pollution by small-sized suspended particulate matter in urbanized territories with various technogenic load (on the example of Vladivostok, Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e0304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila S. Barskova ◽  
Tatyana I. Vitkina ◽  
Tatyana A. Gvozdenko ◽  
Lyudmila V. Veremchuk ◽  
Kirill S. Golokhvast
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Indoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Function of Children in Ashok Vihar, Delhi: An Exposure-Response Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Jitendra K. Nagar ◽  
Harsh Kumar ◽  
Alka S. Kushwah ◽  
Mahesh Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
History Of

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indoor air pollution on respiratory function of children (aged 7-15 years). The study took place at Ashok Vihar, an urban locality in the northwest part of Delhi during the summer months of June and July 2004. The team did house visits. The questionnaire, administered at the house itself, asked about the history of smoking in the family, type of cooking fuel used, duration of cooking, ventilation and lighting at the cooking place, and other confounders. In total, 441 children (59% male, 41% female) between ages 7 and 15 years were considered for the study, and a detailed profile was collected. Clinical examination with special reference to respiratory system was done. Pulmonary function tests/peak expiratory flow rates of each child were measured. Indoor air pollutant (suspended particulate matter, SO2, NO2) was measured, and the effect of these pollutants on the children's respiratory function was analyzed. The respiratory health profile suggests that children had cough, sputum production, shortness of breath, wheezing, common cold, and throat congestion. Indoor SO2 , NO2, and suspended particulate matter levels were high in houses where there was a family history of smoking. SO2 level was significantly high according to occupancy per room. NO2 and suspended particulate matter levels were significantly high in houses where children had respiratory problems. It is concluded that indoor air pollution had an association with respiratory function of children.

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