Gaseous Hydrocarbons by Hydrogenation of Coals and Chars

1960 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 577-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond W. Hiteshue ◽  
Robert B. Anderson ◽  
Sam. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons

Some Effects of Oxidant Air Pollutants (Ozone and Peroxyacetyl Nitrate) on the Ultrastructure of Leaf Tissues

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 360-361
Author(s):  
William W. Thomson ◽  
Elizabeth S. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Peroxyacetyl Nitrate ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry ◽  
Entire Plant ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
The Individual

The oxidant air pollutants, ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate, are produced in the atmosphere through the interaction of light with nitrogen oxides and gaseous hydrocarbons. These oxidants are phytotoxicants and are known to deleteriously affect plant growth, physiology, and biochemistry. In many instances they induce changes which lead to the death of cells, tissues, organs, and frequently the entire plant. The most obvious damage and biochemical changes are generally observed with leaves.Electron microscopic examination of leaves from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and cotton (Gossipyum hirsutum L.) fumigated for .5 to 2 hours with 0.3 -1 ppm of the individual oxidants revealed that changes in the ultrastructure of the cells occurred in a sequential fashion with time following the fumigation period. Although occasional cells showed severe damage immediately after fumigation, the most obvious change was an enhanced clarity of the cell membranes.

Thermal plasma reactor for the processing of gaseous hydrocarbons

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 2483-2487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude B. Laflamme ◽  
Jerzy W. Jurewicz ◽  
Denis V. Gravelle ◽  
Maher I. Boulos
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons

Prediction of soot formation rates: a new approach

1974 ◽  
Vol 338 (1614) ◽  
pp. 375-396 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soot Formation ◽  
Rocket Engine ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Intermediate Species ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Fundamental Model ◽  
Gas Reactions ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
Controlling Processes ◽  
Exhaust Jet

Five processes controlling the production of soot from gaseous hydrocarbons are distinguished: gas reactions producing radical fragments on which nucleation may begin; nucleation; coagulation; growth; and oxidation. A fundamental model capable of taking into account all these processes is described. The model is applied to the conditions of a practical rocket engine, in which production of soot in the exhaust jet is governed by the rate of pyrolysis of methane in the chamber. Predictions made for these conditions agree with experimental results. The rate controlling processes and key intermediate species are identified.

scholarly journals New exploration strategy in igneous petroliferous basins – Enlightenment from simulation experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-985
Author(s):  
Qingqiang Meng ◽  
Jiajun Jing ◽  
Jingzhou Li ◽  
Dongya Zhu ◽  
Ande Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
Hydrocarbon Productivity

There are two kinds of relationships between magmatism and the generation of hydrocarbons from source rocks in petroliferous basins, namely: (1) simultaneous magmatism and hydrocarbon generation, and (2) magmatism that occurs after hydrocarbon generation. Although the influence of magmatism on hydrocarbon source rocks has been extensively studied, there has not been a systematic comparison between these two relationships and their influences on hydrocarbon generation. Here, we present an overview of the influence of magmatism on hydrocarbon generation based on the results of simulation experiments. These experiments indicate that the two relationships outlined above have different influences on the generation of hydrocarbons. Magmatism that occurred after hydrocarbon generation contributed deeply sourced hydrogen gas that improved liquid hydrocarbon productivity between the mature and overmature stages of maturation, increasing liquid hydrocarbon productivity to as much as 451.59% in the case of simulation temperatures of up to 450°C during modelling where no hydrogen gas was added. This relationship also increased the gaseous hydrocarbon generation ratio at temperatures up to 450°C, owing to the cracking of initially generated liquid hydrocarbons and the cracking of kerogen. Our simulation experiments suggest that gaseous hydrocarbons dominate total hydrocarbon generation ratios for overmature source rocks, resulting in a change in petroleum accumulation processes. This in turn suggests that different exploration strategies are warranted for the different relationships outlined above. For example, simultaneous magmatism and hydrocarbon generation in an area means that exploration should focus on targets likely to host large oilfields, whereas in areas with magmatism that post-dates hydrocarbon generation the exploration should focus on both oil and gas fields. In addition, exploration strategies in igneous petroliferous basins should focus on identifying high-quality reservoirs as well as determining the relationship between magmatism and initial hydrocarbon generation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document