Effect of aqueous-ethanol and aqueous-dimethyl sulfoxide solvent systems on transference numbers and mobilities of H+,K+, and Cl-

1972 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy J. Yager ◽  
Patricia Y. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Transference Numbers ◽  
Solvent Systems

The application of the Hammett equation to 13C N.M.R. spectrometry. IV. Solvent effects

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAR Happer
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Hammett Equation ◽  
Solvent Dependence ◽  
Ethanol Ethanol ◽  
Vinyl Group

The chemical shifts for Cβ of the vinyl group of styrene and 16 of its meta-or para-substituted derivatives have been measured in seven solvents: 75% aqueous ethanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, deuterochloroform, carbon tetrachloride and benzene. Attempts have been made to correlate the data by means of the Hammett equation, discrepancies being discussed in terms of solvent dependence of σ and p.

Solute–solvent effects in the dissociation of thymolsulfonephthalein (an uncharged acid) in aqueous mixtures of acetonitrile (ACN), urea, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1521-1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. De ◽  
A. K. Atta
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Gibbs Energies ◽  
Gibbs Energies Of Transfer ◽  
Solvent Systems

The thermodynamic first dissociation constants, [Formula: see text] of thymolsulfonephthalein (H2A), an uncharged acid, have been determined at 25 °C in aqueous mixtures of 10, 30, 50, 70, and 80 wt% acetonitrile (ACN), 11.52, 20.31, 29.64, and 36.83 wt% urea, 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) by spectrophotometric measurements. The solvent effect represented by ∂(ΔG0) = 2.303RT[p(sK)N − p(wK)N] is found to increase in ACN + H2O system as mol% ACN increases in the solvent. In contrast, the corresponding values in urea + H2O as well as DMSO + H2O solvent systems decrease with increase in proportion of organic component in the solvent, the decrease being sharp in urea + H2O. The results have been discussed in terms of the standard Gibbs energies of transfer of H+ from water to the mixed solvent, [Formula: see text] and the relative values of the standard Gibbs energies of transfer of HA−, [Formula: see text] and of [Formula: see text] in all the solvent systems. The overall dissociation behaviour of the acid (H2A) is found to be dictated by the specific solute-solvent interactions of the species participating in the dissociation equilibria.

Thermodynamics of Ionization of Nitroethane in Water–Ethanol Solvent Mixtures

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1910-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeki Matsui ◽  
Loren G. Hepler ◽  
Earl M. Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Glass Electrode ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Calorimetric Measurements ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Ionization Of Water ◽  
Thermodynamics Of Ionization ◽  
Acid Ionization

We have made glass electrode measurements that lead to values for the equilibrium constant for acid ionization of nitroethane in water and in aqueous ethanol mixed solvent systems. Calorimetric measurements have led to ΔH0 values for the acid ionization of nitroethane in water and in aqueous ethanol. These results have been combined to yield TΔS0 values for the ionization reactions in water and in aqueous ethanol. Our results have also been combined with previously reported equilibrium constants for ionization of water in aqueous ethanol to obtain thermodynamic data for the neutralization of nitroethane in the various solvent systems.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Experimental and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Studies on Solubility of Camptothecin Derivatives

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Hung Lai ◽  
Chia-Chin Chang ◽  
Yi-Lin Weng ◽  
Ta-Hsien Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Water Molecule ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Aprotic Solvents ◽  
Dft Studies ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Solvent Systems

Two camptothecin derivatives, 10-cyclohexyl-7-methyl-20(S)-camptothecin and 7-methyl-10-morpholino-20(S)-camptothecin, were synthesized and their differences in solubility were investigated using four chosen solvent systems. Based on our results, 10-cyclohexyl-7-methyl-20(S)-camptothecin exhibited higher solubilities than 7-methyl-10-morpholino-20(S)-camptothecin in polar aprotic solvents. However, these two camptothecin derivatives did not exhibit apparent differences in solubility between 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/95% normal saline co-solvent system and 5% dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/95% normal saline co-solvent system. To rationalize their differences in solubility, we also tried to perform a DFT-B3LYP study to investigate their interaction with one water molecule.

Homogeneous Modification of Sugarcane Bagasse with Succinic Anhydride in Novel Solvent Systems without Additional Catalysts

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1404-1408
Author(s):  
Chao Yi Chen ◽  
Chuan Fu Liu ◽  
Run Cang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Homogeneous Modification

Homogeneous modification of sugarcane bagasse with succinic anhydride (SA) was investigated in novel solvent systems ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride/dimethyl sulfoxide ([C4mim]Cl/DMSO) and dimethyl sulfoxide/N-methylimidazole (DMSO/NMI), respectively. The results showed that succinoylation of SCB with SA was accomplished in [C4mim]Cl/DMSO at high temperature and in DMSO/NMI at room temperature without any additional catalysts. Increasing SA/SCB mass ratio from 2:1 to 3:1 and 4:1 resulted in an improvement of WPG from 21.1 to 29.6 and 30.4 in [C4mim]Cl/DMSO at 120oC, and from 97.3 to 102.5 and 118.4 in DMSO/NMI at room temperature, respectively. The high succinoylation efficiency in DMSO/NMI at room temperature was probably due to the special role of NMI as a solvent, a base and a catalyst in this solvent system. FT-IR and CP/MAS 13C-NMR analyses also provided evidences of succinoylation reaction of SCB with additional catalysts in [C4mim]Cl/DMSO and in DMSO/NMI. The results indicated that the succinoylation of lignin and carbohydrates all occurred.

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