CO2Exchange as Related to Sugar Accumulation and Invertase Activity during Winter Wheat Cold Hardening

The article presents data on the change in the enzymatic activity of the soil in winter wheat crops under the influence of the methods and techniques of tillage and the previous crop in the Central Ciscaucasus zone. The studies were carried out in the zone of the Central Ciscaucasia on the basis of the experimental station of Stavropol State Agrarian University. The determination of the activity of invertase shows that its maximum values are in the variants of the combined treatment, which is associated with more favorable hydrothermal conditions of the arable layer of the soil. Thus, according to its predecessor, pea + oats for green fodder, invertase activity is 27.9 mg of glucose per 1 g of soil for 40 hours, which is almost twice as high in comparison with surface treatment and three times with plowing. The decrease in the activity of invertase during dump processing indicates a rapid rate of mineralization of organic matter. Catalase activity on the studied precursors: on peas with oats for green fodder 1.6 and 1.3; 1.5 and 1.8 peas; for corn silage 1.5 and 1.4 ml 0.1 n. KMnO4 per 1 g of soil for 20 minutes. Revealed a decrease in activity under the influence of plowing, as urease enters the soil with plant debris. When dumping treatment due to movement of plant residues in the underlying layers, the activity of this enzyme decreases to 0.8–0.9 mg of N-NH4 per 10 g of soil for 4 hours, whereas with surface treatment, depending on its predecessor, it is 0.8–– 1.3 mg of N-NH4 / 10 g of soil for 4 hours, with a combination of 1.0–1.1, and for shallow soil, 1.1–1.2 mg of N-NH4 / 10 g of soil in 4 hours.

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Sugar accumulation in winter wheat crops depending on the sowing dates

Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science ◽

10.26898/0370-8799-2019-2-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 27-33

Author(s):

S. I. Anosov ◽

A. S. Surnachev ◽

K. K. Musinov

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Sugar Accumulation ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

Soft Winter Wheat ◽

Growing Conditions

The object of the research was to study the influence of sowing dates on sugar accumulation in different varieties of soft winter wheat. Less winterhardy variety of soft winter wheat Novosibirskaya 2 was compared with more winter-hardy ones Novosibirskaya 3, Novosibirskaya 40 and Krasnoobskaya ozimaya. The research was carried out in 2016-2018 inthe established experimental plot in the foreststeppe of Priobye, theObregion. The predecessor was bare fallow. The planting dates were August 20, September 1, September 10. Weather conditions of the autumn growing season, during which the accumulation of sugars occurs, differed significantly depending on the year of study and the sowing dates. The warmest conditions were in 2018, whereas the coolest – in 2017. The amount of accumulated sugars varied depending on the growing conditions and genotypic characteristics of varieties. The highest amount of sugars was accumulated by all varieties during the third term of planting, the lowest amount – during the second term. Lower air temperatures contributed to the increase in the amount of sugars, even when the duration of their accumulation period was shortened, which can be explained by a change in carbohydrate balance in crops when the accumulation of sugars is greater than their consumption for crop respiration. The genotype plays an important role in the carbohydrate metabolism of plants. In more winter-hardy varieties (Novosibirskaya 40, Novosibirskaya 3), the change in the amount of accumulated sugars in contrasting conditions ranged insignificantly (the coefficient of variation was 9.1 and 8.7%, respectively). At the same time, plants of the less winter-hardy variety of Novosibirskaya 2 showed a significantly greater variation in the sugar content under similar conditions (the coefficient of variation 24.7%). Cooler conditions of a later term of sowing contributed to the greatest amount of accumulated sugars. Varietal differences also determined changes in carbohydrate balance.

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Changes in content of steroid regulators during cold hardening of winter wheat - Steroid physiological/biochemical activity and impact on frost tolerance

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.03.020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 139 ◽

pp. 215-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anna Janeczko ◽

Ewa Pociecha ◽

Michał Dziurka ◽

Barbara Jurczyk ◽

Marta Libik-Konieczny ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Frost Tolerance ◽

Cold Hardening ◽

Biochemical Activity

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Antioxidant function of alternative oxidase in mitochondria of winter wheat during cold hardening

Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement Series A Membrane and Cell Biology ◽

10.1134/s1990747811040040 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 249-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

O. I. Grabel’nykh ◽

T. P. Pobezhimova ◽

N. S. Pavlovskaya ◽

N. A. Koroleva ◽

O. A. Borovik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Alternative Oxidase ◽

Cold Hardening ◽

Antioxidant Function

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Effect of cold hardening on the phenolic complex of winter wheat leaves

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1134/s1021443706040108 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 495-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

N. A. Olenichenko ◽

V. I. Ossipov ◽

N. V. Zagoskina

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Cold Hardening ◽

Wheat Leaves

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COLD HARDENING AND COLD HARDINESS OF YOUNG WINTER RYE SEEDLINGS AS AFFECTED BY STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT AND TEMPERATURE

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b60-035 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 353-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. E. Andrews

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Cold Hardiness ◽

Rapid Decrease ◽

Genetic Differences ◽

Cold Hardening ◽

Winter Rye ◽

Stages Of Development ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

High Level ◽

Two Stages

Young winter rye seedlings, grown and hardened at 1° or 1.5 °C in the dark, developed a high level of cold hardiness at two stages prior to emergence of the first leaf. The first maximum occurred when coleoptiles were less than about 1 mm in length and was followed by a decrease in hardiness. A second and higher maximum occurred when coleoptiles were about 15–30 mm in length (5 weeks at 1.5 °C; 7 weeks at 1 °C) and it was followed by a rapid decrease in hardiness beginning at about the time the leaf broke through the coleoptile. Genetic differences corresponding with those obtained in the field were established by hardening seedlings for 7 weeks at 1 °C and exposure to −15 °C for 16 hours or by hardening for 5 weeks at 1.5 °C and exposure to −14 °C for 16 hours. The use of a lower (−4 °C) hardening temperature resulted in a large increase in cold hardiness at the younger stages of development but little or no increase where seedlings had already reached a maximum of hardiness from exposure to 1.5 °C for 5 weeks. Satisfactory genetic differences were not determined by exposure to −14 °C for 16 hours after hardening at −4 °C. In general the response to hardening of young winter rye seedlings was similar to that found with winter wheat.

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