scholarly journals Towards full flow‐dependence: new temporally varying EDA quotient functionality to estimate background errors in CERRA

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. El‐Said ◽  
P. Brousseau ◽  
M. Ridal ◽  
R. Randriamampianina
Keyword(s):  
Flow Dependence

Influence of Reservoir Transit on Riverine Algal Transport and Abundance

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1803-1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Søballe ◽  
R. W. Bachmann
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Light Limitation ◽  
Des Moines ◽  
Flow Dependence ◽  
Major Loss ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentrations

The Des Moines River lost 65–75% of its algal standing crop (chlorophyll a) in passing through each of two impoundments (mean retention times 11 and 16 d), and chlorophyll concentrations within both impoundments were 50–90% below the predictions of empirical chlorophyll–nutrient models. Sedimentation of river-borne algae and light limitation within the impoundments were identified as major loss processes. A reduction in algal size from upstream to downstream in one reservoir paralleled the loss of algal biomass. Algal losses in each impoundment increased with both increasing retention time and water temperature so that chlorophyll concentration below the dams was uncoupled from the temperature and flow dependence seen in river reaches not influenced by impoundments. The reduction in riverine algal transport associated with reservoir transit was cumulative over the two-reservoir series; this reduction can be interpreted as a "reset" to river headwater conditions.

Flow and volume dependence of expiratory resistance in anesthetized cats

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1013-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Skaburskis ◽  
F. Shardonofsky ◽  
J. Milic-Emili
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Flow Profile ◽  
Pressure Flow ◽  
Lung Inflation ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Volume Dependence ◽  
Flow Dependence ◽  
Lung Deflation ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Activity

In five anesthetized paralyzed cats, mechanically ventilated with tidal volumes of 36–48 ml, the isovolume pressure-flow relationships of the lung and respiratory system were studied. The expiratory pressure was altered between 3 and -12 cmH2O for single tidal expirations. Isovolume pressure-flow plots for three lung volumes showed that the resistive pressure-flow relationships were curvilinear in all cases, fitting Rohrer's equation: P = K1V + K2V2, where P is the resistive pressure loss, K1 and K2 are Rohrer's coefficients, and V is flow. Values of K1 and K2 declined with lung inflation, consistent with the volume dependence of pulmonary (RL) and respiratory system resistances (Rrs). During lung deflation against atmospheric pressure, RL and Rrs tended to remain constant through most of expiration, resulting in a nearly linear volume-flow relationship. In the presence of a fixed respiratory system elastance, the shape of the volume-flow profile depended on the balance between the volume and the flow dependence of RL and Rrs. However, the flow dependence of RL and Rrs indicates that their measured values will be affected by all factors that modify expiratory flow, e.g., respiratory system elastance, equipment resistance, and the presence of respiratory muscle activity.

scholarly journals Dialysate and Blood Flow Dependence of Diffusive Solute Clearance During CVVHD

ASAIO Journal ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. M691-M696 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDHAKAR RELTON ◽  
ARTHUR GREENBERC ◽  
PAUL M. PALEVSKY
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Dependence ◽  
Solute Clearance

scholarly journals Flow dependence of measures of aortic stenosis severity during exercise

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1342-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G. Burwash ◽  
Alan S. Pearlman ◽  
Carol D. Kraft ◽  
Carolyn Miyake-Hull ◽  
Nancy L. Healy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Flow Dependence ◽  
Stenosis Severity

scholarly journals Flow dependence of doppler velocities in normal St Jude valves

1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. A140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Khan ◽  
Helmut Baumgartner ◽  
Michele DeRobertis ◽  
Lawrence Czer ◽  
Gerald Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Flow Dependence

Accounting for flow dependence of respiratory resistance during exercise

2003 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire de Bisschop ◽  
Aurélien Pichon ◽  
Hervé Guénard ◽  
André Denjean
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Resistance ◽  
Flow Dependence

Attenuated microvascular alterations in coarctation hypertension

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (1) ◽  
pp. H213-H221 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Stacy ◽  
R. L. Prewitt
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Order ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Flow Dependence ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Microvascular Alterations

Arteriolar vasoconstriction, structural reductions in dilated diameter, and rarefaction have been observed in vascular beds with chronic renal hypertension. To determine their pressure or flow dependence, these functional and structural parameters were studied in the developing and chronic stages of coarctation hypertension in the cremaster muscle, a normotensive skeletal muscle bed that is protected from the effects of elevated microvascular pressures. Hypertension was produced in rats by placing a silver clip around the abdominal aorta above the branches of the renal arteries. In hypertensive rats, resting diameters were reduced in second-order arterioles after 4 and 8 wk, in third-order arterioles after 2, 4, and 8 wk, and in fourth-order arterioles after 4 and 8 wk, vs. controls. Vascular tone was elevated in second-order arterioles after 2, 4, and 8 wk and in third- and fourth-order arterioles after 8 wk in hypertensive rats. No increases in medial-intimal area were found at any stage of hypertension in any arteriolar order. The density of small arterioles (3rd-5th orders) was reduced by 20% in hypertensive rats at 8 wk but was unchanged at the other time periods. These arteriolar alterations, especially the absence of structural reductions in diameter, are attenuated compared with those observed in one-kidney, one-clip hypertension and suggest that most of the arteriolar alterations that occur in renal hypertension are pressure or flow dependent.

Flow dependence of norepinephrine extraction by isolated perfused rat lungs

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (5) ◽  
pp. H844-H848
Author(s):  
R. A. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Ratio ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Perfusion Medium ◽  
Normal Organ ◽  
Flow Dependence ◽  
Rat Lungs ◽  
Pass Through

Disposition of perfused norepinephrine (NE) was studied in isolated rat lungs at several perfusate flows, including that occurring in vivo. Lungs were ventilated with 95% O2-5% CO2 and perfused at 37 degrees C with recirculating medium initially containing 90 nM [14C]NE. In agreement with previous studies the fraction of NE removed in a single pass through the pulmonary vasculature was 0.30 +/- 0.03 by lungs perfused at low flow (10 ml/min; 7.2 ml.min-1.g lung-1). This extraction ratio decreased with increasing flow, so that in lungs perfused at 45 ml/min (31.8 ml.min-1.g lung-1) the extraction ratio was 0.09 +/- 0.01. The concentration of NE metabolites in the perfusate reservoir increased with time of perfusion. The rate of appearance of deaminated and O-methylated metabolites in the recirculating perfusion medium was not markedly influenced by flow. NE that accumulated in lung was metabolized before reentry into the perfusion medium. These results indicate that extraction of NE by rat lung is markedly dependent on flow and suggest that removal of NE by lung is not highly efficient at normal organ perfusion rates.

scholarly journals Flow Dependence of Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Using Short Electrodes by Jet Impingement

CORROSION ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 771-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. John ◽  
B. Kinsella ◽  
S. Bailey ◽  
R. De Marco
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Jet Impingement ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Corrosion ◽  
Flow Dependence
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