Regional climate model of the Arctic atmosphere

1996 ◽  
Vol 101 (D18) ◽  
pp. 23401-23422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Dethloff ◽  
Annette Rinke ◽  
Ralph Lehmann ◽  
Jens H. Christensen ◽  
Michael Botzet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Atmosphere

scholarly journals The Water and Energy Budget of the Arctic Atmosphere

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 2515-2530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tido Semmler ◽  
Daniela Jacob ◽  
K. Heinke Schlünzen ◽  
Ralf Podzun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Budget ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Energy Fluxes ◽  
Arctic Atmosphere

Abstract The Arctic plays a major role in the global circulation, and its water and energy budget is not as well explored as that in other regions of the world. The aim of this study is to calculate the climatological mean water and energy fluxes depending on the season and on the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) through the lower, lateral, and upper boundaries of the Arctic atmosphere north of 70°N. The relevant fluxes are derived from results of the regional climate model (REMO 5.1), which is applied to the Arctic region for the time period 1979–2000. Model forcing data are a combination of 15-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-15) data and analysis data. The annual and seasonal total water and energy fluxes derived from REMO 5.1 results are very similar to the fluxes calculated from observational and reanalysis data, although there are some differences in the components. The agreement between simulated and observed total fluxes shows that these fluxes are reliable. Even if differences between high and low NAO situations occur in our simulation consistent with previous studies, these differences are mostly smaller than the large uncertainties due to a small sample size of the NAO high and low composites.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a regional climate model for paleoclimate applications in the Arctic

2001 ◽  
Vol 106 (D21) ◽  
pp. 27407-27424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Felzer ◽  
Starley L. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
The Arctic

scholarly journals Impacts of using spectral nudging on regional climate model RCA4 simulations of the Arctic

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 849-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Berg ◽  
R. Döscher ◽  
T. Koenigk
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Spectral Nudging ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

Abstract. The performance of the Rossby Centre regional climate model RCA4 is investigated for the Arctic CORDEX (COordinated Regional climate Downscaling EXperiment) region, with an emphasis on its suitability to be coupled to a regional ocean and sea ice model. Large biases in mean sea level pressure (MSLP) are identified, with pronounced too-high pressure centred over the North Pole in summer of over 5 hPa, and too-low pressure in winter of a similar magnitude. These lead to biases in the surface winds, which will potentially lead to strong sea ice biases in a future coupled system. The large-scale circulation is believed to be the major reason for the biases, and an implementation of spectral nudging is applied to remedy the problems by constraining the large-scale components of the driving fields within the interior domain. It is found that the spectral nudging generally corrects for the MSLP and wind biases, while not significantly affecting other variables, such as surface radiative components, two-metre temperature and precipitation.

scholarly journals Effects of sea ice change on the Arctic climate: insights from experiments with a polar atmospheric regional climate model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiying Liu ◽  
Chenchen Lu
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Arctic Climate ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration

Abstract To get insights into the effects of sea ice change on the Arctic climate, a polar atmospheric regional climate model was used to perform two groups of numerical experiments with prescribed sea ice cover of typical mild and severe sea ice. In experiments within the same group, the lateral boundary conditions and initial values were kept the same. The prescribed sea ice concentration (SIC) and other fields for the lower boundary conditions were changed every six hours. 10-year integration was completed, and monthly mean results were saved for analysis in each experiment. It is shown that the changes in annual mean surface air temperature have close connections with that in SIC, and the maximum change of temperature surpasses 15 K. The effects of SIC changes on 850 hPa air temperature is also evident, with more significant changes in the group with reduced sea ice. The higher the height, the weaker the response in air temperature to SIC change. The annual mean SIC change creates the pattern of differences in annual mean sea level pressure. The degree of significance in pressure change is modulated by atmospheric stratification stability. In response to reduction/increase of sea ice, the intensity of polar vortex weakens/strengthens.

scholarly journals The influence of ocean heat transport in the Barents Sea on the regional sea ice and the atmospheric static stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-538
Author(s):  
M. G. Akperov ◽  
V. A. Semenov ◽  
I. I. Mokhov ◽  
M. A. Dembitskaya ◽  
D. D. Bokuchava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Static Stability ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Oceanic Water ◽  
Ensemble Simulations ◽  
The Barents Sea

The influence of the oceanic heat inflow into the Barents Sea on the sea ice concentration and atmospheric characteristics, including the atmospheric static stability during winter months, is investigated on the basis of the results of ensemble simulations with the regional climate model HIRHAM/NAOSIM for the Arctic. The static stability of the atmosphere is the important indicator of the spatial and temporal variability of polar mesocyclones in the Arctic region. The results of the HIRHAM/NAOSIM regional climate model ensemble simulations (RCM) for the period from 1979 to 2016 were used for the analysis. The initial and lateral boundary conditions for RCM in the atmosphere were set in accordance with the ERA-Interim reanalysis data. An analysis of 10 ensemble simulations with identical boundary conditions and the same radiation forcing for the Arctic was performed. Various realizations of ensemble simulations with RCM were obtained by changing the initial conditions for integrating the oceanic block of the model. Different realizations of ensemble simulations with RCM are obtained by changing the initial conditions of the model oceanic block integration. The composites method was used for the analysis, i.e. the difference between the mean values for years with the maximum and minimum inflow of oceanic water into the Barents Sea. The statistical significance of the results (at a significance level of p < 0.05) was estimated using Student's t-test. In general, the regional climate model reproduces the seasonal changes in the inflow of the oceanic water and heat into the Barents Sea reasonably well. There is a strong relationship between the changes in the oceanic water and ocean heat inflow, sea ice concentration, and surface air temperature in the Barents Sea. Herewith, the increase in the oceanic water inflow into the Barents Sea in winter leads to a decrease in static stability, which contributes to changes in regional cyclonic activity. The decrease of the static stability is most pronounced in the southern part of the Barents Sea and also to the west of Svalbard.

scholarly journals Variability of Extreme Temperature in the Arctic - Observation and RCM

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidrun Matthes ◽  
Annette Rinke ◽  
Klaus Dethloff
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum Temperature ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Warm Spell ◽  
Era40 Data

This paper discusses results of a simulation with the regional climate model HIRHAM for 1958-2001, driven by the ECMWF reanalysis (ERA40) data over the Arctic domain. The aim is to analyze the ability of the model to capture certain features of climate extremes derived from daily mean, maximum and minimum temperatures. For this purpose, a range of climate indices (frost days, cold and warm spell days, growing degree days and growing season length) was calculated from the model output as well as from ERA40 data and region-specific station data for Eastern and Western Russian Arctic for comparison. It is demonstrated that the model captures the main features in the spatial distribution and temporal development of most indices well. Though systematic deviations in the seasonal means occur in various indices (frost days, growing degree days), variability and trends are well reproduced. Seasonal mean patterns in frost days are reproduced best, though the model persistently calculates too many frost days. Seasonal means of cold and warm spell days are reproduced without systematic biases, though deviations occur in summer for cold spells and in spring and summer for warm spells due to an early spring warming in the regional climate model and a low variability of the daily maximum temperature over sea ice.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Climate in the HIRHAM Regional Climate Model Using Automatic Weather Station Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1302-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason E. Box ◽  
Annette Rinke
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sheet Surface ◽  
Surface Climate ◽  
Observational Uncertainty

Abstract The 1998 annual cycle and 1991–98 summer simulations of Greenland ice sheet surface climate are made with the 0.5°-horizontal resolution HIRHAM regional climate model of the Arctic. The model output is compared with meteorological and energy balance observations from 15 Greenland Climate Network automatic weather stations. The model reproduces the monthly average surface climate parameters, to a large extent within model and observational uncertainty. However, certain systematic model biases were identified, caused in particular by inaccurate GTOPO30 elevation data over Greenland, 180 m lower on average, with errors as large as −840 m over 50-km grid cells. The resulting warm biases enhance a negative albedo bias, which in turn leads to positive net shortwave radiation biases. Surface sensible and latent heat fluxes are overestimated, apparently due to model warm bias and 100% greater than observed wind speeds. Interannual variability in temperature and albedo are smaller in the model than in the observations, while the opposite is evident for incoming shortwave radiation and wind speed. Annual maps and total mass fluxes of precipitation and evaporation are compared with results from other studies. Based on the results of a multiparameter comparison, solid recommendations for improved regional models of ice sheet climate are made.

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