Responses to hypothetical high risk situations: Do they predict weight loss in a behavioral treatment program or the context of dietary lapses?

208 Background: The identification of PC patients at high risk for cachexia may allow for early intervention to prevent this outcome. Symptoms such as pain, nausea, and anorexia might predict weight loss. Likewise, inflammatory cytokines are also associated with cachexia. We evaluated the ability of each to predict weight loss in patients beginning treatment for PC. Methods: We evaluated 44 newly diagnosed advanced or metastatic PC patients for baseline symptomatology via the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI). This survey assesses symptom severity, such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue, pain, diarrhea, and constipation, on a 1-10 scale. Baseline serum levels of IL-1a, IL-1b, IGF-1, CXCL-12, CXCL-16, CRP, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, CEA, and CA 19-9 were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) for the association of different parameters with 10% weight loss at 60 days from treatment initiation. Student t-test was used to compare the mean values across different strata. Results: A weight loss of >10% was observed in 15 patients (34%). Only the use of mild (but not strong) opioids was associated with weight loss; estimated OR = 6.2 (C.I. 1.2-31.9, p=.03). No association was observed for the MDASI parameters. Baseline levels of cytokines were available for 23 patients. We observed significant differences in the mean values of CXCL-16 (p=.05) and IL-6 (p=.045) in patients with weight loss as compared to those without weight loss. Moreover, serum level of erythropoietin may be negatively associated with weight loss (p=0.06). Conclusions: Alterations in serum cytokine levels may correlate more strongly with cachexia than clinical symptoms and underscore the importance of cytokine analysis in identifying PC patients at high risk for cachexia. [Table: see text]

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Mood and weight loss in a behavioral treatment program.

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology ◽

10.1037/0022-006x.51.1.153 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 153-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Rena R. Wing ◽

Marsha D. Marcus ◽

Leonard H. Epstein ◽

David J. Kupfer

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Treatment Program ◽

Behavioral Treatment

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Effects of sex of subject and spouse involvement on weight loss in a behavioral treatment program: A retrospective investigation

Addictive Behaviors ◽

10.1016/0306-4603(79)90051-0 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 167-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Patrick Mahlen O'neil ◽

Hal S. Currey ◽

Amy A. Hirsch ◽

F.Elizabeth Riddle ◽

C.Inga Taylor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Treatment Program ◽

Behavioral Treatment ◽

Retrospective Investigation

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Changes in Theory-Based Psychological Factors Predict Weight Loss in Women with Class III Obesity Initiating Supported Exercise

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2010/171957 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

James J. Annesi ◽

Srinivasa Gorjala

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Behavioral Treatment ◽

Severe Obesity ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Behavioral Model ◽

Exercise Session ◽

Class Iii ◽

Predict Weight Loss ◽

Severely Obese

Background. Psychological factors' effect on weight loss is poorly understood, in general, and specifically in the severely obese.Objective. To examine whether a behavioral model based on tenets of social cognitive and self-efficacy theory will increase understanding of the relationship between exercise and weight loss.Methods. Fifty-one women with severe obesity participated in a 24-week exercise and nutrition information treatment and were measured on changes in psychological factors and exercise attendance.Results. A significant portion of the variance in BMI change (adjusted for number of predictors) was accounted for by the behavioral model . Entry of exercise session attendance only marginally improved the prediction to 0.27. Only 19% of the weight lost was directly attributable to caloric expenditure from exercise.Conclusions. Findings suggest that participation in an exercise program affects weight loss through psychological pathways and, thus, may be important in the behavioral treatment of severe obesity.

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Executive Functioning as a Predictor of Weight Loss and Physical Activity Outcomes

Annals of Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1093/abm/kaz001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (10) ◽

pp. 909-917 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Meghan L Butryn ◽

Mary K Martinelli ◽

Jocelyn E Remmert ◽

Savannah R Roberts ◽

Fengqing Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Executive Functioning ◽

Behavioral Treatment ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

Objective Measure ◽

Registration Number ◽

Task Component ◽

Predict Weight Loss ◽

Objectively Measured

Abstract Background Executive functioning, which is fundamental for carrying out goal-directed behaviors, may be an underappreciated predictor of outcomes in lifestyle modification programs for adults with obesity. Purpose This study tested the hypotheses that higher levels of baseline executive functioning would predict greater weight loss and physical activity after 6 months of behavioral treatment. Methods Participants (N = 320) were recruited from the community and provided with 16 treatment sessions. Executive functioning was measured with the tower task component of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS). At months 0 and 6, weight was measured in the clinic and physical activity was measured with tri-axial accelerometers. Results Baseline D-KEFS achievement score, rule violations, and completion time significantly predicted weight loss at 6 months. For example, among participants without any rule violations (n = 162), weight loss averaged 11.0%, while those with rule violations (n = 158) averaged 8.7% weight loss. Rule violations also significantly predicted physical activity at 6 months. Among participants without any rule violations, physical activity at 6 months averaged 169.8 min/week, versus 127.2 min/week among those with rule violations. Conclusions Particular aspects of executive functioning may predict the relative ease or difficulty of changing eating and exercise-related behaviors, albeit with small effect sizes. This study is the first to our knowledge to detect a predictive relationship between components of executive functioning and objectively measured physical activity in adult lifestyle modification, and one of the first to predict weight loss in adults using an objective measure of executive functioning. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT02363010

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Patterns of Weight Change: The Interval 6 to 10 Years after Initial Weight Loss in a Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment Program

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1985.57.1.195 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 195-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Henry A. Jordan ◽

Arlene J. Canavan ◽

Robert A. Steer

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Treatment Program ◽

Weight Change ◽

Behavioral Treatment ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Treatment ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Initial Weight Loss ◽

The Past ◽

Weight Losses

29 men and 82 women who had achieved at least a 15-lb. weight loss in a 20-wk. cognitive-behavioral treatment program for obesity were asked 6 to 10 yr. after treatment about their current weights and January 1 weights for the past five years. Four types of weight change indices were then developed to ascertain whether or not the patients had maintained their postprogram weight losses since leaving treatment. Comparisons of pre- and postprogram mean weight differences indicated that the patients had gained an average of 7.15 lb. (3.24 kg) by 1983, but there had not been a mean increase in weight since an earlier follow-up in 1978. Importantly, 32.4% reported 1983 weights below their postprogram weights, and there were no mean differences between the sexes with respect to weight changes for either 1978 or 1983. A weight index based upon percentages of weight gain since leaving treatment indicated that 40.5% had gained back more than 67% of weight that they had lost during treatment. Inspection of 90 patients' weight fluctuations over the past five years above or below their postprogram weights showed 25 distinct patterns. Each of the four weight-change indices gave different perspectives about the patients' abilities to manage their weights over time. The complexity of employing different weight-change indices for evaluating the long-term efficacy of cognitive-behavioral treatment programs for obesity was discussed.

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The relationship between adherence and weight loss in a behavioral treatment program for overweight children

Behavior Therapy ◽

10.1016/s0005-7894(88)80052-2 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 25-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Allen C. Israel ◽

Wendy K. Silverman ◽

Lauren C. Solotar

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Treatment Program ◽

Behavioral Treatment ◽

Overweight Children ◽

The Relationship

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Can we identify patients with cancer at high risk for cachexia? A prospective study in pancreatic cancer (PC).

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.219 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 219-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David R. Fogelman ◽

Xin Shelley Wang ◽

Manal Hassan ◽

Donghui Li ◽

Milind M. Javle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Weight Loss ◽

High Risk ◽

Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Selection Procedure ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Baseline Serum ◽

Mean Values ◽

Predict Weight Loss ◽

Loss Of Appetite

219 Background: Identifying PC patients at high risk for cachexia may allow for early intervention to prevent it. Symptoms such as pain, nausea and anorexia may predict weight loss. Inflammatory cytokines are also associated with cachexia. We evaluated the ability of each to predict weight loss in newly diagnosed PC patients. Methods: Using the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI), we assessed baseline symptoms in untreated advanced or metastatic PC patients. The survey assesses severity of symptoms on a 0-10 scale. Baseline serum levels of IL-1a, IL-1b, IGF-1, CXCL-12, CXCL-16, CRP, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, CEA, and CA 19-9 were measured via ELISA. Using STATA (version 12), we generated multivariable logistic regression models with a backward selection procedure. This allowed us to evaluate all potential univariate correlates with 5% and 10% weight loss at P<.1 to create a multivariate model containing variables of p<.05. Student t-test was used to compare the mean values of cytokines across different strata. Results: We evaluated 72 patients (33M/39F). Weight loss of >5% or death was observed in 44 patients (62%) and >10% or death in 24 (34%). 61 pts (30M/31F) survived sixty days after the start of treatment with 5% and 10% weight loss seen in 33 (54%) and 13 (21%), respectively. Baseline severe loss of appetite was most strongly associated with weight loss (OR 15.3, p=.005), compared to those with a moderate loss of appetite (OR 4.7, p=.058), nausea (OR 9.4, p=.048), or shortness of breath (OR 7.4, p=.063). Neither diarrhea nor vomiting correlated with weight loss, nor did age, tumor markers, or treatment with platinum drugs, opiates, or erlotinib. Baseline cytokine levels were available for 23 patients. Mean CXCL-16 (p=.05) and IL-6 (p=.045) levels were greater in patients with weight loss. Serum erythropoietin levels may be negatively associated with weight loss (p=0.06). An analysis of the remaining patients’ samples will be available at the meeting. Conclusions: Both alterations in serum cytokines and specific symptoms may predict the development of cachexia. A more robust analysis of circulating cytokines may allow us to design interventions which prevent or delay cachexia in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

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