Relative value of serum cytokines and clinical factors in predicting weight loss in advanced pancreatic cancer (PC).

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 208-208
Author(s):  
D. R. Fogelman ◽  
X. S. Wang ◽  
M. Hassan ◽  
D. Li ◽  
M. M. Javle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cytokine Analysis ◽  
Predict Weight Loss ◽  
The Mean

208 Background: The identification of PC patients at high risk for cachexia may allow for early intervention to prevent this outcome. Symptoms such as pain, nausea, and anorexia might predict weight loss. Likewise, inflammatory cytokines are also associated with cachexia. We evaluated the ability of each to predict weight loss in patients beginning treatment for PC. Methods: We evaluated 44 newly diagnosed advanced or metastatic PC patients for baseline symptomatology via the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI). This survey assesses symptom severity, such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue, pain, diarrhea, and constipation, on a 1-10 scale. Baseline serum levels of IL-1a, IL-1b, IGF-1, CXCL-12, CXCL-16, CRP, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, CEA, and CA 19-9 were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) for the association of different parameters with 10% weight loss at 60 days from treatment initiation. Student t-test was used to compare the mean values across different strata. Results: A weight loss of >10% was observed in 15 patients (34%). Only the use of mild (but not strong) opioids was associated with weight loss; estimated OR = 6.2 (C.I. 1.2-31.9, p=.03). No association was observed for the MDASI parameters. Baseline levels of cytokines were available for 23 patients. We observed significant differences in the mean values of CXCL-16 (p=.05) and IL-6 (p=.045) in patients with weight loss as compared to those without weight loss. Moreover, serum level of erythropoietin may be negatively associated with weight loss (p=0.06). Conclusions: Alterations in serum cytokine levels may correlate more strongly with cachexia than clinical symptoms and underscore the importance of cytokine analysis in identifying PC patients at high risk for cachexia. [Table: see text]

Can we identify patients with cancer at high risk for cachexia? A prospective study in pancreatic cancer (PC).

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 219-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Fogelman ◽  
Xin Shelley Wang ◽  
Manal Hassan ◽  
Donghui Li ◽  
Milind M. Javle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Predict Weight Loss ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

219 Background: Identifying PC patients at high risk for cachexia may allow for early intervention to prevent it. Symptoms such as pain, nausea and anorexia may predict weight loss. Inflammatory cytokines are also associated with cachexia. We evaluated the ability of each to predict weight loss in newly diagnosed PC patients. Methods: Using the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI), we assessed baseline symptoms in untreated advanced or metastatic PC patients. The survey assesses severity of symptoms on a 0-10 scale. Baseline serum levels of IL-1a, IL-1b, IGF-1, CXCL-12, CXCL-16, CRP, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, CEA, and CA 19-9 were measured via ELISA. Using STATA (version 12), we generated multivariable logistic regression models with a backward selection procedure. This allowed us to evaluate all potential univariate correlates with 5% and 10% weight loss at P<.1 to create a multivariate model containing variables of p<.05. Student t-test was used to compare the mean values of cytokines across different strata. Results: We evaluated 72 patients (33M/39F). Weight loss of >5% or death was observed in 44 patients (62%) and >10% or death in 24 (34%). 61 pts (30M/31F) survived sixty days after the start of treatment with 5% and 10% weight loss seen in 33 (54%) and 13 (21%), respectively. Baseline severe loss of appetite was most strongly associated with weight loss (OR 15.3, p=.005), compared to those with a moderate loss of appetite (OR 4.7, p=.058), nausea (OR 9.4, p=.048), or shortness of breath (OR 7.4, p=.063). Neither diarrhea nor vomiting correlated with weight loss, nor did age, tumor markers, or treatment with platinum drugs, opiates, or erlotinib. Baseline cytokine levels were available for 23 patients. Mean CXCL-16 (p=.05) and IL-6 (p=.045) levels were greater in patients with weight loss. Serum erythropoietin levels may be negatively associated with weight loss (p=0.06). An analysis of the remaining patients’ samples will be available at the meeting. Conclusions: Both alterations in serum cytokines and specific symptoms may predict the development of cachexia. A more robust analysis of circulating cytokines may allow us to design interventions which prevent or delay cachexia in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

scholarly journals Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in the Assessment of Acute Cerebrovascular Accident

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Radhakrishnan ◽  
Swathy Moorthy ◽  
Sudish Gadde ◽  
Krishnaswamy Madhavan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cardiac Enzymes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) has for long been a global burden in terms of its morbidity and mortality. Serum levels of cardiac enzymes such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) component, troponin T, and brain natriuretic peptide have been found to be elevated among the patients with stroke and also serve to prognosticate these patients. The serum levels of these enzymes correlate directly to the severity of stroke in these patients. Objective Elevated cardiac enzymes among patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents are not uncommon despite the patients not having any cardiac problems. We aimed to identify the occurrence of elevated cardiac enzymes among patients with acute stroke and their correlation with the severity of stroke. Materials and Methods Our study included 100 patients of acute stroke with no previous history of cardiac ailments. Serum levels of troponin I and CK-MB were analyzed among these patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method within the first 2 hours of admission. Patients outcome during the hospital stay were analyzed. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke score (NIHS score) and the modified Rankin Score (mRS). The cardiac enzyme levels were correlated with these scores. Results Twenty-eight percent of patients had elevated troponin I, while 72% patients had normal levels with the mean values of 10.36 to 106.54 ng/mL and 0.00 to 0.02 ng/mL, respectively. CK-MB levels were found elevated among 14% patients and normal among 86% patients with mean values of 5.8 to 124.36 and 0.0 to 4.3 ng/mL, respectively. Among the six patients who succumbed to death, three patients had increased troponin I and four had elevated CK-MB. NIHS scores of 21.0357±6.79 and 105.277±5.564 were seen in patients with elevated and normal troponin I, whereas NIHS scores of 20.4285±8.658 and 11.8721±9.273 were seen among patients with increased and normal CK-MB, respectively. The mRS scores were 4.3214±0.367, 2.4305±1.374, 4.2143±1.412, and 2.756±1.749 ng/mL among the patients with elevated and normal troponin I and CK-MB, respectively. Conclusion The mean values of cardiac enzymes troponin I and CK-MB were higher among patients with higher scores of NIHS and mRS. Among them, troponin I was very significant and it may serve as an early biomarker for the severity of stroke and hint on early cardiac evaluation among these patients.

The Serum Fas and Fas Ligand levels in Childhood Acute Leukemias.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 4724-4724
Author(s):  
Alev Kiziltas ◽  
Bulent Antmen ◽  
Ilgen Sasmaz ◽  
Yurdanur Kilinc ◽  
Mustafa Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extrinsic Pathway ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Abstract 4724 Aim Abnormalities and alterations in apoptosis mechanism may lead to cancer development. Cystean proteases enzymes, called caspases, appear to be involved in both the initial signaling events. There are many proteins that trigger intrinsic and extrinsic pathway and induce apoptosis signals. Fas and its specific ligand that known as Fas Ligand are the best defined dead receptors and have functions in apoptosis regulation with many tumor types. Fas binds the ligand on the cytotoxic T cells and start apoptosis. Objectives of this study were to determine serum levels of Fas and Fas Ligand at the time of diagnosis in childhood acute leukemias that may be play important role in apoptosis mechanism. Patients and Methods In this study, we investigated serum Fas and Fas Ligand levels by using ELISA method in childhood acute leukemias. Twenty-nine cases with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and twenty-three cases with acute myeloblastic leukemia at the ages of 1-18 years are included this study. The age distrubition of the control group varied 1-15 years consisted of twenty-seven children. We investigated serum Fas and Fas Ligand levels at the time of diagnosis from peripheral blood samples. Results The comparison of the mean values of Fas and Fas Ligand levels in acute leukemia patients groups and control group have shown important difference as statistically (p<0,05). The mean values of Fas and Fas Ligand levels were higher in ALL and AML patients. The comparison of the mean values of Fas and Fas ligand levels in ALL and AML patients have shown no difference (p>0,05). The comparison of the Fas levels in ALL patients according to immunophenotypes; CALLA(+) B-ALL have higher mean level than T-ALL and shown important difference as statistically (p<0,05). The comparison of the mean values of Fas level at the diagnosis in ALL patients who had relapsed and patients who had remission have shown important difference (p<0,05). The mean values of Fas level were found higher in relapsed ALL patients. In these results showed that Fas and Fas ligand may play important role in apoptosis mechanism. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals HMGB1, NLRP3, IL-6 and ACE2 Levels Are Elevated in COVID-19 with Headache: A Window to the Infection-Related Headache Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayrunnisa Bolay ◽  
Ömer Karadaş ◽  
Bilgin Öztürk ◽  
Rıza Sonkaya ◽  
Bahar Taşdelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Trigeminal Neurons ◽  
Moderate Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIM: Pathogenesis of COVID-19 -related headache is unknown, though the induction ofthe trigeminal neurons throughinflammation is proposed. Weaimed to investigatekey systemic circulating inflammatory moleculesand their clinical relations in COVID-19 patients with headache. METHODS: Thiscross-sectional study enrolled 88COVID-19 patients,hospitalized on a regular ward during the second wave of the pandemic.Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients were recorded,and laboratory testswere studied.RESULTS: The mean agesof 48 COVID-19 patients with headache (47.71±10.8) and 40 COVID-19 patients without headache (45.70±12.72) were comparable. COVID-19 patients suffered from headache had significantly higher serum levels of HMGB1, NLRP3, ACE2, and IL-6 than COVID-19 patients without headache, whereasCGRP and IL-10 levels were similar in the groups. Angiotensin II level was significantly decreased in the headache group.COVID-19 patients with headache showedan increased frequency of pulmonary involvement and increased D- dimer levels. Furthermore, COVID-19 was more frequently associated with weight loss, nausea, and diarrhea in patients with headache. The frequency of anosmia and ageusia did not reach significant levelsbetween the two groups. Serum NLRP3 levels were correlated with headache duration and hospital stay, while headache response to paracetamol was negatively correlated with HMGB1 and positively associated with IL-10 levels. CONCLUSION: Stronger inflammatory response is associated with headache in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with moderate disease severity.Increased levels of the circulating inflammatory and/or nociceptive molecules like HMGB1, NLRP3, and IL-6 may play a role in the potential induction of the trigeminalsystem and manifestation of headache secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Evaluation of monomeric prolactin level by TRACE method and precipitation with polyethylene glycol

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Vorotnikova ◽  
L. K. Dzeranova ◽  
N. S. Fedorova ◽  
E. A. Pigarova ◽  
M. G. Vershinina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Immunoenzyme Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Positive Results

Prolactin exists in various forms including the monomeric biologically active form (23kDa) and a higher molecular weight form, bound most commonly to IgG, known as macroprolactin (>100kDa). Macroprolactin lacks biological activity and is one of the causes of false-positive results. In Russian Federation the most common method for macroprolactin determination is PEG precipitation test. We had conducted a retrospective analysis of 37 samples of patients with hyperprolactinemia (3 of them were males). The mean age was 30 [25;35] years. Prolactin level was measured by the immunoenzyme method with manual PEG precipitation and TRACE. The mean values found by the immunoenzyme method with manual PEG precipitation were 461,6 [375,0;821,2] mU/l, by TRACE - 449,9 [357,2;749,2] mU/l. The number of patients with normal prolactin levels was 30% (11) confirmed by two methods, high prolactin level at 46% (17). The prevalence of clinical symptoms of hyperprolactinemia was not differ depend the groups. The phenomenon of macroprolactinemia was registered in 32% (12) of patients. In 8 persons of this group normal prolactin level was revealed and in 4 patients hyperprolactinemia was found by TRACE. Measurements of prolactin levels by the TRACE method is useful for correct diagnosis in patients with equivocal results received by traditional method with PEG precipitation.

scholarly journals Clinical and Immunopathologic Profile of Mexican Patients with IgG4 Autoimmune Pancreatitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
María T. Bourlon ◽  
Christianne Bourlon ◽  
Yemil Atisha-Fregoso ◽  
Fredy Chable-Montero ◽  
Marco A. Teliz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Autoimmune Pancreatitis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Histological Subtypes ◽  
Sclerosing Pancreatitis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mexican Patients

Autoimmune pancreatitis is part of the spectrum of IgG4-associated diseases. Its diagnostic criteria and histological subtypes have been formally proposed recently and although based on current data it has been suggested that there are differences in clinical presentation among populations, more research is needed to properly establish if this heterogeneity exists. In this paper, we describe 15 cases of autoimmune pancreatitis diagnosed at a Mexican centre of reference, all of them associated to the lymphoplasmocytic sclerosing pancreatitis variant. The mean age at the onset of symptoms was 47.5 ± 14.4 years, and 53% of patients were male. The main manifestations were weight loss (87%), obstructive jaundice (53%), and acute (27%) and chronic (27%) pancreatitis. Only 20% of patients had high IgG4 serum levels at the time of diagnosis. All patients receiving prednisone responded favourably, both in their pancreatic and extrapancreatic manifestations. Clinical manifestations of Mexican patients showed certain differences with respect to those usually reported.

scholarly journals The effect of periconceptional supplementation on blood vitamin concentrations in women at recurrence risk for neural tube defect

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Schorah ◽  
J. Wild ◽  
R. Hartley ◽  
S. Sheppard ◽  
R. W. Smithells
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Neural Tube Defect ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
High Risk Women ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Risk Women

1. We measured erythrocyte folic acid and riboflavin, serum folic acid and leucocyte vitamin C in women at high risk for neural tube defect (NTD) recurrence who were receiving periconceptional vitamin supplementation, before they received extra vitamins, after 28 d of supplementation and at the 8th week of pregnancy. Blood vitamin concentrations in unsupplemented high-risk women were also compared with the values found in unsupplemented low-risk women.2. Vitamin supplementation with Pregnavite Forte F (Bencard®) raised the mean values for all vitamins measured by the 8th week of pregnancy. Mean erythrocyte folic acid rose from 250 to 478 ng/ml; plasma folic acid from 8·4 to 26·1 ng/ml; leucocyte vitamin C from 1·82 to 3·21 μg/ml blood; erythrocyte riboflavin (glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) activation ratio) from 1·08 to 1·04. All women receiving supplements had increased their serum and erythrocyte folic acid levels above the highest values found in women in an earlier study, who subsequently gave birth to children with NTD. Not all women, however, increased their leucocyte ascorbic acid or erythrocyte ribflavin levels above the highest values.3. When vitamin concentrations in unsupplemented high-risk women were compared with levels in unsupplemented women at low risk for NTD, no significant differences were found in the mean values. However, a significantly higher proportion of high-risk compared with low-risk women had erythrocyte folic acid and leucocyte vitamin C values on or below the 5th percentile of the adult normal range.4. The effectiveness of Pregnavite Forte F (Bencard®) for increasing maternal vitamin reserves is discussed with a view to preventing NTD and the possibility of identifying groups at risk for NTD because of low blood vitamin levels is considered.

scholarly journals NEOPTERIN DAN PEROKSIDA SERUM SEBAGAI PETANDA MAKROFAG TERAKTIVASI PADA TUBERKULOSIS PARU AKTIF DAN INDIVIDU BERKEBAHAYAAN TINGGI (Serum Neopterin and Peroxide As Marker of Activated Macrophages on Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Individuals At High Risk)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Wande ◽  
Ni Made Linawati ◽  
I Made Bagiada ◽  
IWP. Sutirta Yasa ◽  
AAN. Subawa
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Activated Macrophages ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
The Mean

Failure of macrophages to phagocytize Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes the release of hydrogen peroxide/peroxide (H2O2) bythe activated macrophages. Neopterin is one of the most important markers in the activated macrophages. Neopterin is a pteridinederivative produced by the activated macrophages through the stimulation of interferon gamma. Increased levels of Neopterin has beenreported in lung tuberculosis. Activation of macrophages is essential to the development of tuberculosis infection that can lead to activepulmonary tuberculosis or latent tuberculosis, in this case is a high-risk for healthy individuals. To determine the differences in serumlevels of Neopterin and H2O2 between patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy individuals at high risk of pulmonarytuberculosis. A total of 15 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and 15 healthy individuals at high risk examination serumNeopterin levels and peroxide (H2O2). Active pulmonary tuberculosis patients when the results of sputum smear examination chest x-raysis obtained positive results. Healthy individuals at high risk when the results of smear examination and chest x-rays is negative. Thelevel of Neopterin was examined using a double antibody sandwich immunoassay with Human neopterin (NEOP) ELISA Kit ® BioassayTechnology Laboratory. The level of peroxide was examined using quantitative colorimetric peroxidedetermination with QuantiChromTMPeroxide Assay Kit (DIOX-250)®. Neopterin serum levels between patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy individualsat high-risk were analysed by independent samples t-test. H2O2 serum levels between patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis andhealthy individuals at high-risk were analysed with Mann Whitney Test. The confidence level is p <0.05. The mean Neopterin levelsin patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis was 5.17±4.64 nmol/L, the mean Neopterin levels in group of healthy individuals athigh risk was 3.97±1.79 nmol/L. Statistical analysis by the independent samples t-test found no significant differences between groupsin Neopterin serum levels of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy individuals at high risk (p=0.357). The meanserum levels of H2O2 of group of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis was 26.38±3.00 μM, the mean levels of H2O2of group ofhealthy individuals at high risk of 20.69±4.46 μM. Statistical analysis with non-parametric Mann-Whitney Test was found significantdifference in the peroxide (H2O2) levels between groups of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and group of healthy individualat high-risk (p=0.000). The levels of Neopterin in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis was not significantly higher comparedto the healthy individuals of high risk. Levels of peroxide (H2O2) serum in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis was significantlyhigher compared to the group of healthy individuals at high risk. This shows that there is increased activity of macrophages in patientswith active pulmonary tuberculosis, but not effective in eliminating of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Serum Phosphoexose Isomerase in Cancer

1977 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore Cunietti ◽  
Maura Greco
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Biologic Marker ◽  
The Mean

Serum levels of phosphoexose isomerase (PHI) were determined in 138 cancer patients. The enzyme levels showed a relation to the clinical stage of the tumor, and were, on the average, higher in advanced disease. The behavior of the enzyme levels after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy was studied in relation to the clinical response. A statistically significant reduction of PHI activity in patients with subjective and objective or only subjective response to therapy was noted. The mean values before and after chemotherapy in patients with progression of the disease were not significantly different. The authors conclude that high levels of serum PHI are, most often, associated with an advanced and/or a metastasized tumor; furthermore PHI seems to be a reliable biologic marker of the destruction of cancer tissue.

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