Facilitative effect of preexposure on heart-rate conditioning to an olfactory cue in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).

1990 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Philippe Morin ◽  
Julian J. Dodson ◽  
François Y. Doré
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Facilitative Effect ◽  
Heart Rate Conditioning ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Olfactory Cue

Heart rate conditioning to L-cysteine and other chemical stimuli in young Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2710-2714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Philippe Morin ◽  
Julian J. Dodson ◽  
François Y. Doré
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Conditioning Stimulus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Rate Conditioning ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Random Pairing ◽  
Cardiac Conditioning ◽  
Odorous Substances

As a preliminary step towards the use of natural odorants in laboratory imprinting studies, olfactory learning by young Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, was assessed by heart rate conditioning to L-cysteine (3.8 × 10−4 M). Fish were successfully conditioned and decelerated their heart rate to L-cysteine compared with that of a control group tested under random pairing sequences of L-cysteine and an electrical stimulation. The cardiac conditioning response and sensitivity of fish to L-cysteine was unaffected by a procedure of curarization. Cardiac performance of fish conditioned to L-cysteine was also compared with that of other groups of fish exposed to four different odorous substances. The conditioned response increased significantly across trials when morpholine, L-cysteine, or L-phenylalanine was used as the conditioning stimulus, but remained unchanged throughout the experiment in the presence of L-serine or L-threonine.

Increase of heart rate without elevation of cardiac output in adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to acidic water and aluminium

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie C Brodeur ◽  
Trine Ytrestøyl ◽  
Bengt Finstad ◽  
R Scott McKinley
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
River Water ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Concomitant Reduction ◽  
Ventral Aorta

Adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were exposed for 48 h to water from acidified (pH 5.2) Fossbekk River (Norway), with and without 94 µg aluminium (Al)/L added as AlCl3, and to water from circumneutral (pH 6.7) Ims River (Norway) (controls). Cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume were monitored throughout the exposure period with Doppler flow probes placed around the ventral aorta of the fish. Fish exposed to Fossbekk River water without added Al showed few physiological disturbances. When 94 µg Al/L was added to Fossbekk River water, most of the fish died before the end of the 48-h exposure period, and a large elevation in heart rate was observed together with a decrease in plasma chloride concentrations and an increase in haematocrit, plasma glucose and plasma cortisol levels. Cardiac output was maintained at basal levels during the first 24 h of exposure because the tachycardia was accompanied by a concomitant reduction of stroke volume. Signs of arrhythmia appeared after 32 h of exposure and were associated with a further decrease in stroke volume that caused cardiac output to decrease below basal levels. The incapacity of the tachycardia to elevate cardiac output and the subsequent death of the fish suggest that this response to low pH and Al is more of a maladaptation reaction than a compensatory or adaptative reaction.

scholarly journals Heart rate and swimming activity as stress indicators for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Aquaculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 531 ◽  
pp. 735804 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Svendsen ◽  
M. Føre ◽  
F. Økland ◽  
A. Gräns ◽  
R.D. Hedger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
As Stress

Effect of Nitrite on the Embryonic Development of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1726-1729 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Williams ◽  
F. B. Eddy
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Delayed Hatching

Effects of nitrite on eggs, alevins, and fry of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were studied and of these developmental stages eggs were the most resistant with a 24-h LC50 value of 3276 mg∙L−1 N∙NO2. Upon hatching tolerance sharply decreased, the 24-h LC50 value for early alevins (2940 mg∙L−1 N∙NO2) decreasing to 121.8 mg∙L−1 N∙NO2. Development in freshwater or dilute saline (10 mmol∙L−1 NaCl) proceeded normally without mortalities. Long-term exposure to nitrite concentrations as low as 14 mg∙L−1 N∙NO2 delayed hatching and retarded embryo growth and development as well as producing cardiovascular effects such as a reduced heart rate. The physiological and environmental implications of nitrite exposure are discussed.

Cardiac Responses to a Natural Odorant as Evidence of a Sensitive Period for Olfactory Imprinting in Young Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Philippe Morin ◽  
Julian J. Dodson ◽  
François Y. Doré
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Olfactory Recognition ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Cardiac Responses ◽  
Olfactory Imprinting

Olfactory imprinting was assessed in young Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, undergoing smoltification (parr–smolt transition) by measuring their cardiac responses to a natural odorant, L-cysteine. Condition factor and body coloration were used for characterizing the degree of smoltification. In Experiment 1, heart rate conditioning to L-cysteine was used to compare olfactory learning between fish from different age groups of smoltification. In Experiments 2 and 3, other fish from the same age groups of smoltification were exposed to L-cysteine and their long-term olfactory memory was assessed by measuring their unconditioned cardiac responses to L-cysteine after smoltification. In Experiment 2, the time from the end of odor exposure to testing for olfactory recognition was kept constant for ail age groups of smoltification whereas in Experiment 3, the age of fish tested for olfactory recognition was kept constant. Greater conditioning (heart rate reduction) to L-cysteine occurred in age-groups 3 (612–619 d since birth) and 6 (642–649 d) as compared with any other age group of smoltification. Fish tested for odor recognition exhibited a greater unconditioned response (cardiac deceleration) to L-cysteine if they belonged to age-group 3 than to any other age group of smoltification. Our results demonstrated the existence of a sensitive period for olfactory imprinting in Atlantic salmon that occurred between 21 and 28 d after the onset of smoltification induced in the laboratory.

Remote monitoring of heart rate as a measure of recovery in angled Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar (L.)

1998 ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Anderson ◽  
R. Booth ◽  
T. A. Beddow ◽  
R. S. McKinley ◽  
B. Finstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Effects of adrenergic drugs on the coronary circulation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Farrell ◽  
M. S. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Coronary Circulation ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Adrenergic Regulation ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Adrenergic Drugs ◽  
Rate Effects

Spontaneously beating hearts from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were used to examine the adrenergic regulation of the perfused coronary circulation. Excitatory α-adrenoceptors (vasoconstriction) dominated over inhibitory β-adrenoceptors (vasodilatation). Increased heart rate via β-adrenergic stimulation was possible with drug injections into the coronary artery. The heart rate effects followed the vasoactive effect by approximately 2 min.

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