A cross-cultural exploration of factors affecting reactions to sexual harassment: Attitudes and policies.

The article presents a review of quantitative comparative cross-cultural studies on national identity conducted by psychologists during the last two decades. It considers the relation of theoretical and methodological grounds of these studies with the general agenda of the contemporary social psychology, interdisciplinary studies on nations and nationalism, and empirical resources of cross-national surveys. The relevant publications demonstrate the prevalence of descriptive approach in psychological studies, while sociology and political science mostly use the explanatory research approach on factors affecting the national identity. Nevertheless, the explanatory research results reveal the underestimated cross-cultural variability of correlations between national identity components and the correspondence of these components to essentially different cognitive mechanisms. To fulfil the potential of their discipline, cross-cultural psychologists studying national identity should explore relations of national identity with basic values and attitudes with paying a special attention to cross-level interaction effects and social dynamics.

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Factors Affecting Millennials’ Attitudes toward Luxury Fashion Brands: A Cross-Cultural Study

International Business Research ◽

10.5539/ibr.v12n6p69 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 69 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Regina Burnasheva ◽

Yong GuSuh ◽

Katherine Villalobos-Moron

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Purchase Intentions ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Cultural Dimensions ◽

Luxury Brands ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Media Usage ◽

Need For Uniqueness ◽

Online Purchase ◽

Luxury Market

The millennials are an important cohort in luxury market, because of their purchasing power and the power of social media interaction. However, little is known about factors underlying their attitudes toward luxury fashion brands and online purchase intentions. This study explores whether materialism, a need for uniqueness, susceptibility to informative influence, and social media usage affect millennials’ attitudes toward luxury fashion brands and online purchase intentions. In addition, this research examines cross-cultural differences between Russian and Korean millennials based on four cultural dimensions of Hofstede’s model. The results indicated that all factors significantly related to attitudes towards luxury brands, and this, in turn, positively effect on online purchase intentions. Moreover, the results indicated that millennials from Korea and Russia pursue a need for uniqueness, some differences were revealed regarding materialism, susceptibility to informative influence and social media usage. Theoretical and practical implications are further discussed.

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Assessing the Prevalence and Factors Affecting Sexual Harassment Among Female Staffs of a Supermarket in Kathmandu, Nepal

Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences ◽

10.33422/jarss.v3i2.373 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 13-21

Author(s):

Ira Sharma ◽

Sangam Lama

Keyword(s):

Sexual Harassment ◽

Social Stigma ◽

Night Shift ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Awareness Programs ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

This cross sectional study was carried out to assess the prevalence and factors affecting sexual harassment (SH) among female staffs of a supermarket in Kathmandu, Nepal. The data were collected with self-administered questionnaire from 170 staffs. Uni-variate (descriptive detail) and bivariate (statistical detail) analyses were the methods applied. Among 24.1% of sexually harassed respondents, the most common was 15-30 years' age group. Moreover, 80.5% of the victims were harassed verbally, 39% non-verbally and 48.8% physically. The harassment occurred either when they were alone (non-verbal 56.5% and physical 78.3%) or when the shop was crowded (non-verbal 29.3% and physical 88.2%). Most of the victims accepted the problem (non-verbal 55.6% and physical 94.4%) due to fear of being fired and social stigma. Non-verbal (53.8%) and physical (100%) harassments mostly occurred during night shift whereas verbal harassment (63.4%) occurred during day shift. Out of 6 selected predictors: age, dress, place, shift, perpetrator and acceptance of the incident, the verbal harassment was statistically associated with shift (63.6% in day, p-val.= 0.007), non-verbal harassment was associated with age (25% of age 15-30 years, p-val.=0.002) and the physical harassment was statistically associated with age (35% of age 15-30 years, p-val.=0.000), shift (35.0% at night, p-val.=0.000), prepatrators (25% of age 15-30 years, p-val.=0.003), acceptance (40.0% due fear of being fired/ social stigma, p-val.=0.000). In order to reduce sexual harassment among female staffs of supermarkets, there must be awareness programs for all the staff, advocacy programs against SH for customers and staffs, punishment for the perpetrators must be legal.

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Cultural Formulation Interview

Encyclopedia of Social Work ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.1245 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dorie Gilbert ◽

Katarzyna Olcoń

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Work ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Cultural Factors ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Cultural Formulation ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Cultural Assessment ◽

Cultural Formulation Interview

Research indicates that practitioners’ cultural biases are a barrier to effective cross-cultural assessment; thus, social work practitioners must demonstrate the ability to appraise a client’s cultural context in assessing and treating mental health concerns. The Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) provides practitioners with a standardized cultural assessment method for use in mental health practice. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the CFI with a focus on its four domains: (a) cultural definition of the problem; (b) cultural perception of cause, context, and support; (c) cultural factors affecting self-coping and past help-seeking; and (d) cultural factors affecting current help-seeking. Conceptualizations of mental health and mental illness vary across cultural subgroups, and the nation’s changing demographics underscore the need to give particular attention to how the CFI can be useful for improving cross-cultural assessment with historically excluded or marginalized racial and ethnic groups. The CFI is an important step towards culturally grounded assessments; however, it has several conceptualization and implementation limitations, including its narrow focus on individual-level cultural explanations of distress while the effects of social inequities remain masked. The article concludes with additional considerations for cross-cultural assessment and implications for social work education and practice.

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