The relationship of visual acuity to acuity of stereoscopic vision. (OSRD, 1943; Publ. Bd., No. 27296.).

1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Stereoscopic Vision ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Improvement of Binocular Summation in Intermittent Exotropia Following Successful Postoperative Alignment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUEPING LI ◽  
Juan Ding ◽  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Binocular Summation ◽  
Intermittent Exotropia ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Central Fusion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the improvement of binocular summation (BiS) for the high (100%) contrast and different low contrasts (10%, 5%, 2.5%) and the relationship of BiS with stereopsis and central fusion in patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) after strabismic surgeries.Design: Prospective studyParticipants: Seventy-six patients with IXT aging 9 to 40 years with poor control at distance before strabismus surgeries. Methods: To analyze preoperative and postoperative BiS records and the proportions of patients with different BiS for the high (100%) contrast and the low contrasts (10%, 5%, 2.5%). The score of visual acuity (log Mar) was recorded when patient recognizing the full line with full refraction correction. BiS was classified into three situations depending on whether binocular visual acuity (BVA) was better, worse or equal to that of the better-seeing eye . The results of distant random dots stereograph(RDS) were grouped into A, unable to recognize; B, moderate, 200”≤RDS≤400” and C, good, RDS<200”.Results: The patients with binocular summation were increased from 9.2% to 40.8% for 100%contrast, from 17.1% to 53.9% for 10% contrast, from 21.1% to 76.1% for 5% contrast, from 21.1% to 72.4% for 2.5% contrast after surgeries, respectively. Tested using 2.5% contrast, (1) more patients presented binocular summation in the groups B and C ; (2) postoperative improvements of BVA in group B(1.5±1.03 lines) and group C (1.57±1.26 lines) differed significantly with that in the group A (0.74±1.00 line); (3)more patients presented binocular summation and the improvement of BVA was 1.43±1.16 lines in the group with central fusion after surgeries.Conclusions: BiS for high contrast and different low contrasts can be improved in IXT after successful surgical treatment. It may be associated with obtaining central fusion, recovering stereopsis at distance and good alignment after the surgeries. BiS for 2.5% contrast was improved significantly and sensitive to the good stereopsis and central fusion. Improvement of BiS, particularly for low contrast, has benefit for the daily activities in the real environment. BiS could be as supplementary assessment of binocular function for the patients with IXT before and after treatment.

scholarly journals Prediction of distance visual acuity in presbyopic astigmatic subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rie Hoshikawa ◽  
Kazutaka Kamiya ◽  
Fusako Fujimura ◽  
Nobuyuki Shoji
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Prediction Formula ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Regression Formula ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Matched Comparison ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis study was aimed to determine the effect of the amount of astigmatism on distance visual acuity, and to provide a prediction formula of visual acuity according to astigmatism, in a presbyopic population. We comprised 318 eyes of 318 consecutive patients (158 phakic and 160 pseudophakic subjects) without any eye diseases, except for refractive errors with astigmatism of 3 diopter or less. We assessed the relationship of the spherical equivalent visual acuity (SEVA) with astigmatism, and also provided a regression formula of visual acuity according to astigmatism in such subjects. We found a significant correlation between the SEVA and the amount of astigmatism (r = 0.715, p < 0.001) in the entire study population. We obtained similar results, not only in phakic eyes (r = 0.718, p < 0.001), but also in pseudophakic eyes (r = 0.717, p < 0.001). The regression formula was expressed as follows: y = 0.017x2 + 0.125x − 0.116 (R2 = 0.544), where y = logMAR SEVA, and x = astigmatism. We also found no significant differences in the SEVA for matched comparison among the with-the-rule (WTR), against-the-rule (ATR), and oblique (OBL) astigmatism subgroups (p = 0.922). These regression formulas may be clinically beneficial not only for estimating the visual prognosis after astigmatic correction, but also for determining the surgical indication of astigmatic correction.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PROSES PENGOLAHAN PEMBAKARAN MAKANAN DENGAN KELAINAN REFRAKSI DAN KONJUNGTIVITIS (STUDI KASUS DI RESTORAN MALL X KOTA SEMARANG)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Didik Wahyudi ◽  
Agnes Juwanita
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Variable Influence ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Kelainan refraksi merupakan  keadaan pembiasan mata dengan panjang bolamata yang tidak seimbang atau keadaan dimana sinar-sinar sejajar yang memasuki bolamata dibiaskan media refrakta tidak jatuh di retina. Konjungtivitis merupakan radang konjungtiva atau radang selaput lendir yang menutupi belakang kelopak dan bola mata dan merupakan salah satu penyebab gangguan penglihatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan dan menganalisa anamnesa (umur, jenis kelamin, keluhan, pemakaian kacamata lama, dan riwayat penyakit), inspeksi/observasi, visus dan titik akhir koreksi visus monokuler dengan tingkat pengaruh asap pembakaran barbeque di Restoran Mall X Kota semarang. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat menjelaskan hubungan antara variable pengaruh dengan variable terpengaruh. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pekerja di Restoran Mall X Kota Semarang yang mengalami kelainan refraksi dan konjungtivitis. Sampel diambil dari pekerja yang menderita kelainan refraksi dan konjungtivitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya hubungan identitas (nama, alamat, pekerjaan, umur, jenis kelamin, masa kerja, lama bekrja per hari), anamnesa (keluhan, pernah pakai kacamata ukuran), visus dan tititk akhir koreksi visus mononkuler dengan tingkat pengaruh asap pembakaran barbeque. Disarankan untuk mengkondisikan lingkungan kerja yang menguntungkan faal kerja terutama berhubungan dengan penggunaan mata dalam bekerja. Pemakaian kacamata pelindung untuk melindungi mata dari pengaruh asap pebakaran barbeque. Mengatur pencahayaan sesuai dengan iluminasi normal untuk pekerjaan yang berhubungan pembakaran masakan. Penderita konjungtivitis disarankan mengecek kondisi matanya secara teratur untuk meminimalisir terjadinya infeksi yang lebih parah. Disarankan untuk dilakukan penelitian lanjutan.Kata kunci: Pembakaran makanan, kelainan refraksi, konjungtivitis CONNECTING PROCESS WITH FOOD PROCESSING COMBUSTION REFRACTIVE DISORDERS AND CNJUNCTIVITIS MALL X CITY RESTAURANT IN SEMARANGAbnormalities of Refraction Refraction is the state of the eyes with long eye ball that is not balanced or the circumstances in which parallel rays entering the eye is refracted refrakta media did not fall on the retina. Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva or the inflamed mucous membrane that covers the back of the eyeball and eyelid and is one of the causes of visual impairment. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze anamnesis (age, gender, complaints, use old glasses, and disease history), inspection / observation, visual acuity and corrected visual acuity endpoint monokuler with the level of influence of combustion smoke barbeque at Restaurant X City Mall semarang. This kind of research is to explain the relationship between variables with a variable influence affected. The population in this study were all workers at Restaurant X Mall Semarang refraction disorders and conjunctivitis. Samples taken from the workers who suffer from disorders of refraction and conjunctivitis. The results showed that there was a relationship of identity (name, address, occupation, age, gender, years of long bekrja per day), anamnesis (complaint, never wear glasses the size), visual acuity and corrected visual acuity mononkuler tititk end with the level of influence of combustion smoke barbeque . It is recommended to establish the working environment that is favorable omen associated with the use of work, especially the eyes in work. Use goggles to protect eyes from the effects of smoke pebakaran barbeque. Adjust the lighting in accordance with normal illumination for combustion-related work of cooking. Conjunctivitis sufferers are advised to check the condition of his eyes on a regular basis to minimize the occurrence of more severe infections. Recommended for advanced research.Keywords: refraction disorder, conjunctivitis.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

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