Homelessness: A complex problem and the federal response: Report by the US General Accounting Office

1982 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Problem ◽  
The Us ◽  
Federal Response ◽  
General Accounting Office

Did Medicaid Expansion Mitigate Disparities in Post-mastectomy Reconstruction Rates?

2022 ◽  
pp. 000313482110604
Author(s):  
Alison R. Goldenberg ◽  
Lauren M. Willcox ◽  
Daria M. Abolghasemi ◽  
Renjian Jiang ◽  
Zheng Z. Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Cancer Disparities ◽  
Multivariate Model ◽  
Medicaid Expansion ◽  
The Us ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
Breast Cancer Disparities ◽  
To Receive

Background Patient and socioeconomic factors both contribute to disparities in post-mastectomy reconstruction (PMR) rates. We sought to explore PMR patterns across the US and to determine if PMR rates were associated with Medicaid expansion. Methods The NCDB was used to identify women who underwent PMR between 2004-2016. The data was stratified by race, state Medicaid expansion status, and region. A multivariate model was fit to determine the association between Medicaid expansion and receipt of PMR. Results In comparison to Caucasian women receiving PMR in Medicaid expansion states, African American (AA) women in Medicaid expansion states were less likely to receive PMR (OR .96 [.92-1.00] P < .001). Patients in the Northeast (NE) had better PMR rates vs any other region in the US, for both Caucasian and AA women (Caucasian NE ref, Caucasian-South .80 [.77-.83] vs AA NE 1.11 [1.04-1.19], AA-South (.60 [.58-.63], P < .001). Interestingly, AA patients residing in the NE had the highest receipt of PMR 1.11 (1.04-1.19), even higher than their Caucasian counterparts residing in the same region (ref). Rural AA women had the lowest rates of PMR vs rural Caucasian women (.40 [.28-.58] vs .79 [.73-.85], P < .001]. Discussion Racial disparities in PMR rates persisted despite Medicaid expansion. When stratified by region, however, AA patients in the NE had higher rates of PMR than AA women in other regions. The largest disparities were seen in AA women in the rural US. Breast cancer disparities continue to be a complex problem that was not entirely mitigated by improved insurance coverage.

The US General Accounting Office

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Felix Pomeranz
Keyword(s):  
The Us ◽  
General Accounting Office

Building the Problem-Solving State: Bridging Networks and Experiments in the US Advisory Specialist Group in World War II

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-294
Author(s):  
Gerald Berk
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
World War ◽  
The Us ◽  
Experimentalist Governance ◽  
Secretary Of War ◽  
Specialist Group

Hidden within the office of the Secretary of War during World War II was a little-known agency called the Advisory Specialist Group (ASG). Strategically located between the laboratory, the factory, the battlefield, and civilian bureaucracy, the ASG solved the complex problem of reconciling new technologies and new military operations. In doing so, it combined incongruous domains of activity, contributed to Allied victory, and opened a channel to the problem-solving state. It is easy to overlook or misunderstand the ASG, because it was born in processes, addressed problems, and took a form unfamiliar to historical institutionalists. Drawing on Padgett and Powell’s networked theory of organizational genesis and pragmatist theories of experimentalist governance, this article explains the ASG’s emergence, networked form, and experimentalist procedures. A founding moment for the problem-solving state, this case provides empirical and theoretical guidance to study its historical and ongoing evolution.

Who’ll Stop the Rain?

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-114
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Matthew L. Spialek
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Response ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Linking Social Capital ◽  
The Us ◽  
Federal Response ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Positive Light

Chapter five draws on testimonials and survey results to describe the event phase of Hurricane Harvey, which consisted of the immediate days and weeks following the disaster. The chapter conceptualizes this phase as a disaster purgatory where survivors’ access to social capital either hastened or stalled individual recovery. Residents were more likely to view local response efforts in a more positive light than they did the US federal response. Chapter five begins by describing the different hassles residents experienced based on their displacement path. Next, the chapter reveals bonding social capital was more prevalent than linking social capital. Implications for the differences in bonding and linking social capital are discussed.

scholarly journals The role of power-addiction and maladaptive denial in the US federal COVID-19 response

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ken Weidner II ◽  
Lisa A.T. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Change Initiatives ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Federal Response ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
Us Federal Government ◽  
Key Events

PurposeGiven the substantial resources of the United States, the failure of the American federal response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been both tragic and avoidable. The authors frame this response as an artifact of power-addiction among administration officials and examine the US federal response to the COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of maladaptive denial by government officials, including President Trump.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use qualitative research methods for this study by analyzing key events, public statements by administration officials from multiple credible media reports and US federal government websites. The authors analyzed these data using Weidner and Purohit's (2009) model describing maladaptive denial in organizations and power-addiction among leaders.FindingsThe authors' analysis identifies maladaptive denial – and the concomitant power-addiction – as significantly contributing to the Trump administration's failed response to COVID-19. Maladaptive denial and power-addiction characterized Trump as a candidate and for the three years of his presidency preceding the COVID-19 crisis. Whatever normative “guardrails” or checks and balances existed in the American system to restrict the administration's behavior before the crisis were ill-equipped to significantly prevent or alter the failed federal response to the pandemic.Originality/valueThe article applies the model of maladaptive denial in organizations (Weidner and Purohit, 2009) to the public sector, and explores the lengths to which power-addicted leaders and regimes can violate the public's trust in institutions in a crisis, even in the US, a liberal democracy characterized by freedom of political expression. While organizations and change initiatives may fail for a variety of reasons, this case revealed the extent to which maladaptive denial can permeate a government – or any organization – and its response to a crisis.

The Eleventh Circuit Holds that Agreements in which Pharmaceutical Companies Pay Generic Companies Not to Compete May be Valid

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Amy Garrigues
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Patent Holder ◽  
Trial Court ◽  
Court Of Appeals ◽  
The Us ◽  
Antitrust Laws ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Appeals Court ◽  
Two Sides

On September 15, 2003, the US. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit held that agreements between pharmaceutical and generic companies not to compete are not per se unlawful if these agreements do not expand the existing exclusionary right of a patent. The Valley DrugCo.v.Geneva Pharmaceuticals decision emphasizes that the nature of a patent gives the patent holder exclusive rights, and if an agreement merely confirms that exclusivity, then it is not per se unlawful. With this holding, the appeals court reversed the decision of the trial court, which held that agreements under which competitors are paid to stay out of the market are per se violations of the antitrust laws. An examination of the Valley Drugtrial and appeals court decisions sheds light on the two sides of an emerging legal debate concerning the validity of pay-not-to-compete agreements, and more broadly, on the appropriate balance between the seemingly competing interests of patent and antitrust laws.

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