Association of Job Strain with Short-term Disability and Healthcare Utilization in the Canadian Population

BACKGROUND: Pain is an important public health problem in Canada. International estimates of general population pain prevalence range from 2% to 46%.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the potentially misleading use of overall prevalence estimates in the pain literature and to use two Canadian population-based surveys to assess the impact of sampling and measurement on prevalence.METHODS: Two of the secondary data sets used were the 1996/97 National Population and Health Survey (NPHS) and the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). This paper is based on the assessment of chronic pain in the NPHS, and the assessment of short term pain using the Medical Outcomes Trust's 36-item health survey and the Health Utilities Index, both collected by CaMos. Data are presented as frequencies and percentages overall and stratified by age and sex. CaMos prevalence estimates were age and sex-standardized to the NPHS population.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of pain was 39% for one-week pain, 66% for four-week pain and 15% for chronic pain. Women were more likely to report pain than men and the prevalence of pain increased with age.CONCLUSIONS: This study yields useful information about the self-reported responses to a variety of questions assessing pain in the general population. Responses to the different questions likely represent different categories of pain, such as short term versus chronic pain, which in turn may have different epidemiological risk factors and profiles. Longitudinal studies of the epidemiology, predictors and natural history of chronic pain are urgently needed in the Canadian population.

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Association of Financial Worry and Material Financial Risk with Short-Term Ambulatory Healthcare Utilization in a Sample of Subsidized Exchange Patients

Journal of General Internal Medicine ◽

10.1007/s11606-020-06479-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Salene M. W. Jones ◽

Matthew P. Banegas ◽

John F. Steiner ◽

Emilia H. De Marchis ◽

Laura M. Gottlieb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Utilization ◽

Financial Risk ◽

Short Term

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The impact of job strain on smoking cessation and relapse in the Canadian population: a cohort study

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2014-205227 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 69 (10) ◽

pp. 931-936 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Daniel J Rowe ◽

James R Dunn ◽

Carles Muntaner

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Job Strain ◽

Canadian Population ◽

The Impact

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Integrated outpatient palliative care for patients with advanced cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Palliative Medicine ◽

10.1177/0269216318812633 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 123-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Jessica J Fulton ◽

Thomas W LeBlanc ◽

Toni M Cutson ◽

Kathryn N Porter Starr ◽

Arif Kamal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Palliative Care ◽

Healthcare Utilization ◽

Advanced Cancer ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Symptom Burden ◽

Short Term ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Oncology Care

Background: Despite increasing emphasis on integration of palliative care with disease-directed care for advanced cancer, the nature of this integration and its effects on patient and caregiver outcomes are not well-understood. Aim: We evaluated the effects of integrated outpatient palliative and oncology care for advanced cancer on patient and caregiver outcomes. Design: Following a standard protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42017057541), investigators independently screened reports to identify randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies that evaluated the effect of integrated outpatient palliative and oncology care interventions on quality of life, survival, and healthcare utilization among adults with advanced cancer. Data were synthesized using random-effects meta-analyses, supplemented with qualitative methods when necessary. Data sources: English-language peer-reviewed publications in PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central through November 2016. We subsequently updated our PubMed search through July 2018. Results: Eight randomized-controlled and two cluster-randomized trials were included. Most patients had multiple advanced cancers, with median time from diagnosis or recurrence to enrollment ranging from 8 to 12 weeks. All interventions included a multidisciplinary team, were classified as “moderately integrated,” and addressed physical and psychological symptoms. In a meta-analysis, short-term quality of life improved, symptom burden improved, and all-cause mortality decreased. Qualitative analyses revealed no association between integration elements, palliative care intervention elements, and intervention impact. Utilization and caregiver outcomes were often not reported. Conclusions: Moderately integrated palliative and oncology outpatient interventions had positive effects on short-term quality of life, symptom burden, and survival. Evidence for effects on healthcare utilization and caregiver outcomes remains sparse.

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Job Resources and Regulatory Focus as Moderators of Short-Term Stressor-Strain Relations

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000042 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 97-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marieke van den Tooren ◽

Jan de Jonge

Keyword(s):

Regulatory Focus ◽

Job Strain ◽

Job Demands ◽

Job Resources ◽

Multilevel Regression ◽

Short Term ◽

Stress Buffering ◽

Daily Diary Study ◽

Term Relation ◽

Matching Hypothesis

By means of an eight-day daily diary study among 64 nursing home nurses, it was investigated whether within-person stress-buffering effects of job resources on the short-term relation between job demands and job strain were more likely to occur if (1) there was a match between job demands and job resources and (2) workers were predominantly promotion focused rather than predominantly prevention focused. Multilevel regression analyses revealed that there was neither support for the Demand-Induced Strain Compensation Model’s matching hypothesis (Hypothesis 1) nor for the moderating effect of regulatory focus (Hypothesis 2) when studying within-person processes in the context of day-to-day working life.

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Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x15000928 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

Author(s):

Mary C. Potter

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽

Language Comprehension ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Visual Presentation ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

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Ultrastructural Changes of Canine Kidneys During 24-Hour Perfusion on a LI-400 Preservation System

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100065626 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 316-317

Author(s):

M. O. Magnusson ◽

D. G. Osborne ◽

T. Shimoji ◽

W. S. Kiser ◽

W. A. Hawk

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Electrolyte Solution ◽

Ultrastructural Changes ◽

Midline Incision ◽

Short Term ◽

Pentobarbital Anesthesia ◽

Pulsatile Perfusion

Short term experimental and clinical preservation of kidneys is presently best accomplished by hypothermic continuous pulsatile perfusion with cryoprecipitated and millipore filtered plasma. This study was undertaken to observe ultrastructural changes occurring during 24-hour preservation using the above mentioned method.A kidney was removed through a midline incision from healthy mongrel dogs under pentobarbital anesthesia. The kidneys were flushed immediately after removal with chilled electrolyte solution and placed on a LI-400 preservation system and perfused at 8-10°C. Serial kidney biopsies were obtained at 0-½-1-2-4-8-16 and 24 hours of preservation. All biopsies were prepared for electron microscopy. At the end of the preservation period the kidneys were autografted.

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Polychlorinated biphenyl induced hepatocyte alterations

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010012789x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 716-717

Author(s):

D.N. Collins ◽

J.N. Turner ◽

K.O. Brosch ◽

R.F. Seegal

Keyword(s):

Lipid Droplets ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Homovanillic Acid ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Environmental Pollutants ◽

Short Term ◽

Pcb Congeners ◽

Urinary Levels ◽

The Brain

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a ubiquitous class of environmental pollutants with toxic and hepatocellular effects, including accumulation of fat, proliferated smooth endoplasmic recticulum (SER), and concentric membrane arrays (CMAs) (1-3). The CMAs appear to be a membrane storage and degeneration organelle composed of a large number of concentric membrane layers usually surrounding one or more lipid droplets often with internalized membrane fragments (3). The present study documents liver alteration after a short term single dose exposure to PCBs with high chlorine content, and correlates them with reported animal weights and central nervous system (CNS) measures. In the brain PCB congeners were concentrated in particular regions (4) while catecholamine concentrations were decreased (4-6). Urinary levels of homovanillic acid a dopamine metabolite were evaluated (7).Wistar rats were gavaged with corn oil (6 controls), or with a 1:1 mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 in corn oil at 500 or 1000 mg total PCB/kg (6 at each level).

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