Discourse Comprehension by Oral Deaf Individuals: The Role of Spontaneous Gestures Accompanying Discourse

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Vendrame ◽  
Ilaria Cutica ◽  
Monica Bucciarelli
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Comprehension

Theoretical Perspectives on Listening

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Language Skills ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Discourse Comprehension ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Research into listening over the past three decades has, above all, highlighted the fundamental intricacy of the processes involved. In order to make sense of spoken messages, listeners may need to integrate information from a range of sources: phonetic, phonological, prosodic, lexical, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic. The fact that we achieve all this in real time as the message unfolds makes listening “complex, dynamic, and fragile” (Celce-Murcia 1995:366). In this review I consider research into four aspects of these complexities: processes (e.g., speech recognition, discourse comprehension, and memory); the role of context; factors influencing listening; and the relationship of listening with other language skills. Finally I suggest likely directions for future research into listening.

The Role of Sourcing in Discourse Comprehension

2017 ◽  
pp. 141-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar Bråten ◽  
Marc Stadtler ◽  
Ladislao Salmerón
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Comprehension

scholarly journals Role of frontal cortex in inferential reasoning: Evidence from the Word Context Test

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATRINA KEIL ◽  
JULIANA BALDO ◽  
EDITH KAPLAN ◽  
JOEL KRAMER ◽  
DEAN C. DELIS
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Inferential Reasoning ◽  
Discourse Comprehension ◽  
Frontal Lobe Lesions ◽  
Word Context ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

Problem: Inferential reasoning in language involves the ability to deduce information based on context and prior experience. This ability has been generally studied as a right-hemisphere function. Recent research, however, has suggested that inferencing involves anterior regions of both the left and right hemispheres. Methods: We further explored this idea by testing a group of non-aphasic, focal frontal patients (right and left hemisphere) on a new test of inferencing, the Word Context Test. The Word Context Test requires examinees to identify the meaning of a made-up word (e.g., prifa) based on its use in a series of sentences. Findings: Patients with frontal lobe lesions were significantly impaired on this task relative to a group of age- and education-matched controls. Contrary to earlier research focusing on a special role for the right hemisphere in inferencing, there was considerable overlap in performance of right- and left-frontal patients, with right-frontal patients performing better. Conclusions: These findings suggest that inferencing is disrupted following focal frontal injury and have implications for discourse comprehension in non-aphasic patients. (JINS, 2005, 11, 426–433.)

EXPRESS: Misretrieval but not misrepresentation: A feature misbinding account of post-interpretive effects in number attraction.

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110615
Author(s):  
Jack Dempsey ◽  
Kiel Christianson ◽  
Darren Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Head Noun ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Direct Test ◽  
Discourse Comprehension ◽  
Single Sentence ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
On Line ◽  
Attraction Effects ◽  
Noun Number

Attraction effects in comprehension have reliably shown a grammaticality asymmetry in which mismatching plural attractors confer facilitatory interference for ungrammatical verbs but no processing cost for grammatical verbs (Tanner et al., 2014; Wagers et al., 2009). While this has favored cue-based retrieval accounts of attraction phenomena in comprehension, Patson and Husband (2016) offered offline evidence suggesting comprehenders systematically misrepresent number information in attraction phrases, leaving open the possibility for faulty NP representations later in processing. The current study employs two self-paced reading discourse experiments to test for number attraction misrepresentations in real-time. Specifically, the attraction phrases occurred as embedded direct object phrases, allowing for a direct test of the role of attractor noun number in head noun number misrepresentation (i.e. no number cue from verb). Although no on-line evidence for misrepresentation was found, a third single-sentence RSVP experiment showed error rates to offline probes corroborating the post-interpretive findings from Patson and Husband (2016), suggesting that a search in memory for associative features may not employ the same processes as the formation of dependencies in discourse comprehension. The findings are discussed in the framework of feature misbinding in memory in line with recent post-interpretive accounts of offline comprehension errors.

Focus

2019 ◽  
pp. 417-435
Author(s):  
Christina S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Discourse Comprehension ◽  
Pronoun Resolution ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
The Impact

This chapter provides an overview of experimental investigations on focus, how focus is cued and interpreted, and how the perception of focus affects other aspects of sentence or discourse comprehension. Early studies about the impact of focusing on attention and memory continue to inform current research; since that time, experimental findings related to focus have gone hand in hand with developments in theoretical semantics and pragmatics. This chapter covers some main strands of this body of experimental work, including the influence of focus on syntactic ambiguity resolution, focus as a cue to discourse structure, focus and pronoun resolution, the role of focus in referential disambiguation, the inference of focus alternatives, and cues to focus projection. The chapter concludes with some points to watch for in future research.

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