The Nature and Time Course of Phonological Processing Underlying Spoken Word Retrieval

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Processing ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Word Retrieval

Tracking the time course of lexical access in spoken word recognition

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Allopenna ◽  
James S. Magnuson ◽  
Michael K. Tanenhaus
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word

scholarly journals The time course of spoken word learning and recognition: Studies with artificial lexicons.

2003 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Magnuson ◽  
Michael K. Tanenhaus ◽  
Richard N. Aslin ◽  
Delphine Dahan
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Spoken Word

scholarly journals Effects of Age, Word Frequency, and Noise on the Time Course of Spoken Word Recognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin J. Van Engen ◽  
Avanti Dey ◽  
Nichole Runge ◽  
Brent Spehar ◽  
Mitchell S. Sommers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Target Word ◽  
Word Frequency ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Lexical Activation

This study assessed the effects of age, word frequency, and background noise on the time course of lexical activation during spoken word recognition. Participants (41 young adults and 39 older adults) performed a visual world word recognition task while we monitored their gaze position. On each trial, four phonologically unrelated pictures appeared on the screen. A target word was presented auditorily following a carrier phrase (“Click on ________”), at which point participants were instructed to use the mouse to click on the picture that corresponded to the target word. High- and low-frequency words were presented in quiet to half of the participants. The other half heard the words in a low level of noise in which the words were still readily identifiable. Results showed that, even in the absence of phonological competitors in the visual array, high-frequency words were fixated more quickly than low-frequency words by both listener groups. Young adults were generally faster to fixate on targets compared to older adults, but the pattern of interactions among noise, word frequency, and listener age showed that older adults’ lexical activation largely matches that of young adults in a modest amount of noise.

scholarly journals Word Form Retrieval in Spoken Word Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sunita Balbir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Young Control ◽  
Interference Task ◽  
Spoken Word Production ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Naming Latencies

<p>In the auditory picture-word interference task, participants name pictures whilst ignoring auditory distractor words. Previous studies have reported faster naming latencies when distractors are phonologically related to the target (e.g., tiger-typist) than when they are unrelated. By varying the position of overlap of the shared phonemes and the onset of the distractor, this task may provide valuable insights into the time course of phonological encoding. In the current study, participants named pictures while hearing distractor words that were: begin-related (e.g., letter-lesson); end-related (e.g., letter-otter); or unrelated to the target (e.g., letter-cabin). Distractor onsets varied from -200ms (before target) to +400ms (after target). The study was carried out in two phases: in the first phase, the task was administered to a group of 24 young control participants; in the second phase, it was administered to an individual with aphasia, NP, and a group of six older controls. Phonological facilitation effects of begin-related distractors displayed a fairly consistent pattern across the four distractor onsets for all participant groups. In almost all instances, these effects were significant but were noticeably stronger at early onsets especially around the onset of the target presentation, consistent with previous findings in the literature. Only NP showed strong begin-related facilitation effects at the latest onset. The end-related distractors however, produced somewhat different facilitation effects across the different groups. For the young controls and NP, these effects were stronger and significant at later onsets. The older controls only displayed marginally significant effects at 200ms after the target. Findings from the current study provide support for serial pattern of phoneme retrieval in multisyllabic words, in which a word‟s first syllable becomes available before later syllable(s).</p>

scholarly journals The Roles of Consonant, Rime, and Tone in Mandarin Spoken Word Recognition: An Eye-Tracking Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Zou ◽  
Yutong Liu ◽  
Huiting Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Continuous Mapping ◽  
Phonological Similarity ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Growth Curve Analysis ◽  
Mapping Models

This study investigated the relative role of sub-syllabic components (initial consonant, rime, and tone) in spoken word recognition of Mandarin Chinese using an eye-tracking experiment with a visual world paradigm. Native Mandarin speakers (all born and grew up in Beijing) were presented with four pictures and an auditory stimulus. They were required to click the picture according to the sound stimulus they heard, and their eye movements were tracked during this process. For a target word (e.g., tang2 “candy”), nine conditions of competitors were constructed in terms of the amount of their phonological overlap with the target: consonant competitor (e.g., ti1 “ladder”), rime competitor (e.g., lang4 “wave”), tone competitor (e.g., niu2 “cow”), consonant plus rime competitor (e.g., tang1”soup”), consonant plus tone competitor (e.g., tou2 “head”), rime plus tone competitor (e.g., yang2 “sheep”), cohort competitor (e.g., ta3 “tower”), cohort plus tone competitor (e.g., tao2 “peach”), and baseline competitor (e.g., xue3 “snow”). A growth curve analysis was conducted with the fixation to competitors, targets, and distractors, and the results showed that (1) competitors with consonant or rime overlap can be adequately activated, while tone overlap plays a weaker role since additional tonal information can strengthen the competitive effect only when it was added to a candidate that already bears much phonological similarity with the target. (2) Mandarin words are processed in an incremental way in the time course of word recognition since different partially overlapping competitors could be activated immediately; (3) like the pattern found in English, both cohort and rime competitors were activated to compete for lexical activation, but these two competitors were not temporally distinctive and mainly differed in the size of their competitive effects. Generally, the gradation of activation based on the phonological similarity between target and candidates found in this study was in line with the continuous mapping models and may reflect a strategy of native speakers shaped by the informative characteristics of the interaction among different sub-syllabic components.

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