Associations between psychopathic characteristics, experiential avoidance and alcohol use in a community sample

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Panayiotou ◽  
A. Loutsiou-Ladd ◽  
D. Georgiou
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Community Sample

Rape Disclosure and Depression Among Community Women: The Mediating Roles of Shame and Experiential Avoidance

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1226-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi H. Bhuptani ◽  
Julia S. Kaufman ◽  
Terri L. Messman-Moore ◽  
Kim L. Gratz ◽  
David DiLillo
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Victim Blaming ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Interventions ◽  
Rape Survivors

Many women who disclose a rape encounter victim-blaming responses, which are associated with negative outcomes. The present study examined rape-related shame and experiential avoidance as mediators of the relation between victim-blaming responses to rape disclosure and depression among 103 rape survivors drawn from a community sample. Results revealed that victim-blaming responses were positively associated with depressive symptoms through rape-related shame and experiential avoidance, and shame was indirectly related to depression via avoidance. Findings suggest clinical interventions should focus on rape-related shame and experiential avoidance in targeting depression among rape survivors, and future research should continue to examine how victim-blaming responses to rape disclosure may be related to these factors.

scholarly journals Toward the prevention of alcohol use disorders: Overdrinking (unintentional binge drinking) in a community sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 205510291879270 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Michler Bishop ◽  
Jose Luis Rodriquez Orjuela
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past

Approximately 64,000,000 people in the United States report binge drinking at least once in the past month. Unlike overeating and oversleeping, “overdrinking”—defined as drinking more than a person intends to drink—does not exist in the literature. Terms such as binge and problem drinking do not consider the intent of the drinker. The results of this pilot study suggest that most people drink more than they intend to drink. Moreover, they also report often being surprised that they overdrank. Smartphones may help overdrinkers be less often surprised by overdrinking and may prevent drinkers from developing an alcohol use disorder.

Comparison of self-report versus agency records of service utilization in a community sample of individuals with alcohol use disorders

2004 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese K Killeen ◽  
Kathleen T Brady ◽  
Paul B Gold ◽  
Clare Tyson ◽  
Kit N Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Self Report

scholarly journals Gender differences in the structure of risk for alcohol use disorder in adolescence and young adulthood

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (14) ◽  
pp. 3047-3058 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. Foster ◽  
B. M. Hicks ◽  
W. G. Iacono ◽  
M. McGue
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Deviant Peer Affiliation ◽  
Adolescent Risk

Background.Gender differences in the prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) have motivated the separate study of its risk factors and consequences in men and women. However, leveraging gender as a third variable to help account for the association between risk factors and consequences for AUD could elucidate etiological mechanisms and clinical outcomes.Method.Using data from a large, community sample followed longitudinally from 17 to 29 years of age, we tested for gender differences in psychosocial risk factors and consequences in adolescence and adulthood after controlling for gender differences in the base rates of AUD and psychosocial factors. Psychosocial factors included alcohol use, other drug use, externalizing and internalizing symptoms, deviant peer affiliation, family adversity, academic problems, attitudes and use of substances by a romantic partner, and adult socio-economic status.Results.At both ages of 17 and 29 years, mean levels of psychosocial risks and consequences were higher in men and those with AUD. However, the amount of risk exposure in adolescence was more predictive of AUD in women than men. By adulthood, AUD consequences were larger in women than men and internalizing risk had a stronger relationship with AUD in women at both ages.Conclusions.Despite higher mean levels of risk exposure in men overall, AUD appears to be a more severe disorder in women characterized by higher levels of adolescent risk factors and a greater magnitude of the AUD consequences among women than men. Furthermore, internalizing symptoms appear to be a gender-specific risk factor for AUD in women.

scholarly journals Incipient Alcohol Use in Childhood: Early Alcohol Sipping and its Relations with Psychopathology and Personality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Watts ◽  
Kristina M. Jackson ◽  
Krista Lisdahl ◽  
Mary Heitzeg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Substance Use Problems ◽  
Externalizing Disorder

Prior research has shown that sipping of alcohol begins to emerge during childhood and is potentially etiologically significant for later substance use problems. Using a large, community sample of 9- and 10-year olds (N = 11,872; 53% female), we examined individual differences in precocious alcohol use in the form of alcohol sipping. We focused explicitly on features that are robust and well-demonstrated correlates of, and antecedents to, alcohol excess and related problems later in the lifespan, including youth- and parent-reported externalizing traits (i.e., impulsivity, behavioral inhibition and activation) and psychopathology. Seventeen percent of the sample reported sipping alcohol outside of a religiously sanctioned activity by age 9 or 10. Several aspects of psychopathology and personality emerged as small but reliable correlates of sipping. Nonreligious sipping was related to youth-reported impulsigenic traits, aspects behavioral activation, prodromal psychotic-like symptoms, and mood disorder diagnoses, as well as parent-reported externalizing disorder diagnoses. Religious sipping was unexpectedly associated with certain aspects of impulsivity. Together, our findings point to the potential importance of impulsivity and other transdiagnostic indicators of psychopathology (e.g., emotion dysregulation, novelty seeking) in the earliest forms of drinking behavior.

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