Children of Depressed African American Mothers: A Descriptive Study

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda C. Boyd
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Curenton ◽  
Jocelyn Elise Crowley ◽  
Dawne M. Mouzon

During qualitative phone interviews, middle-class, mostly married African American mothers ( N = 25) describe their child-rearing responsibilities, practices, and values. They explain (a) why they decided to stay home or take work leave to attend to child rearing, (b) how they divided child-rearing responsibilities with their husbands/romantic partners, (c) whether they faced unique parenting challenges raising African American children, and (d) whether they identified as feminists. Responses revealed the decision to stay home or take work leave comprised values about gender roles, concerns about the cost and/or quality of child care, and the availability of family-friendly workplace policies. Most couples shared child-rearing responsibilities, although mothers admit to doing more. Their unique parenting challenge was protecting their children from racism, stereotyping, and discrimination. Only one third of the mothers identified as being feminists. These results have implications for furthering our knowledge about African American coparenting from a positive, strength-based perspective.


2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea E Cassidy-Bushrow ◽  
Ganesa Wegienka ◽  
Suzanne Havstad ◽  
Albert M. Levin ◽  
Susan V. Lynch ◽  
...  

<p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Objectives:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> African American children are at higher risk of obesity than White children and African American women are more likely to undergo caesarean-section (CS) delivery than White women.</span><span style="font-size: medium;">  </span><span style="font-size: medium;">CS is associated with childhood obesity, however, little is known whether this relationship varies by race.</span><span style="font-size: medium;">We examined if the association of CS with obesity at age 2 years varied by race.</span><span style="font-size: medium;">  </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Design: </span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Longitudinal birth cohort.</span><strong></strong></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Setting:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> Birth cohort conducted in a health care system in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan with follow-up at age 2 years.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Participants:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> 639 birth cohort participants; 367 children (57.4%) were born to African American mothers and 230 (36.0%) children were born via CS.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Main Outcome Measure: </span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Obesity defined as body mass index </span><strong></strong><span style="font-size: medium;">≥95</span><sup><span style="font-size: small;">th</span></sup><span style="font-size: medium;"> percentile at age 2 years.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Results:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> Slightly more children of African American (n=37; 10.1%) than non-African American mothers (n=18; 6.6%) were obese (</span><span style="font-size: medium;">P</span><span style="font-size: medium;">=.12). There was evidence of effect modification between race and delivery mode with obesity at age 2 years (interaction<em> </em></span><span style="font-size: medium;">P</span><span style="font-size: medium;">=.020).</span><span style="font-size: medium;">  </span><span style="font-size: medium;">In children of African-American mothers, CS compared to vaginal birth was associated with a significantly higher odds of obesity (aOR=2.35 (95% CI: 1.16, 4.77), </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">P</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;">=.017).</span><span style="font-size: medium;">  </span><span style="font-size: medium;">In contrast, delivery mode was not associated with obesity at age 2 years in children of non-African-American mothers (aOR=.47 (95% CI: .13, 1.71), </span><span style="font-size: medium;">P</span><span style="font-size: medium;">=.25).</span><span style="font-size: medium;">    </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Conclusions:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> There is evidence for a race-specific effect of CS on obesity at age 2 years; potential underlying mechanisms may be racial differences in the developing gut microbiome or in epigenetic programming.</span><span style="font-size: medium;">  </span><span style="font-size: medium;">Future research is needed to determine if this racial difference persists into later childhood. <em>Ethn Dis.</em> 2016;26(1):61-68; doi:10.18865/ed.26.1.61<br /></span></span></p><p> </p>


2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Mark ◽  
Susan G. Sherman ◽  
Joy Nanda ◽  
Tracey Chambers-Thomas ◽  
Mathilda Barnes ◽  
...  

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