The relationship between officer orientation and supervision strategies in community corrections.

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elijah P. Ricks ◽  
Jennifer Eno Louden
Keyword(s):  
Community Corrections ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supervision Strategies

Supervision Strategies and Their Correlates: An Empirical Study of Chinese Community Correctional Staff

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1100-1123
Author(s):  
Shanhe Jiang ◽  
Eric G. Lambert ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Xiaohong Jin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Correctional Staff ◽  
Chinese Community ◽  
Offender Supervision ◽  
The Law ◽  
Supervision Strategies ◽  
Crime Opportunity

While there are different approaches to dealing with offenders sentenced to community corrections, the three major ones are law enforcement (surveillance), therapeutic (rehabilitation), and crime opportunity prevention. Using the study of U.S. community corrections staff by Miller as a guide, the current study examined the supervision strategy used by Chinese community corrections staff in the Hubei province of China. Chinese community corrections staff were more likely to use the therapeutic and crime opportunity prevention approaches than the law enforcement model. Predictors of each of the three offender supervision approaches differed. The results from Chinese staff were similar in many ways to that found among U.S. staff reported by Miller but differed in some areas.

The Community Corrections Act

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth F. Schoen
Keyword(s):  
Local Communities ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Community Correction ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Correctional Programs ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Serious Offenders ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Local Levels

Minnesota's Community Corrections Act, which became law in 1973, is examined in detail. Its development, fundamental precepts, and initial re sults are included. The act combined existing fragmented policies into a comprehensive strategy and defined the relationship between the state and local levels of government. It is based upon the assumptions that incarceration will continue to be needed for serious offenders, that local communities are in the best position to define community correction needs and programs, and that most offenders can remain in the community without loss of public protection. Thus far, the act has resulted in (1) a reduction in participating counties' adult and juvenile commitments to state institutions, (2) increased use of local correctional program alter natives, and (3) improved total planning for correctional programs. The Minnesota Community Corrections Act represents one solution to the problems confronting a state correctional system.

An Exploratory Study of the Views of Supervision Strategies by Community Corrections Probationers in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-26
Author(s):  
Shanhe Jiang ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Darrell D. Irwin ◽  
Can Yang ◽  
Minhui Xing
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
General Lack ◽  
Supervision Models ◽  
Supervision Practices ◽  
Supervision Strategies

Offenders’ attitudes toward supervision models are critical for the success of supervision practices in community corrections. It is surprising, however, that there is a general lack of research on offenders’ attitudes toward supervision models or strategies in community corrections. Using a sample of 351 offenders serving community corrections in City W, China, the current study found that the majority of the respondents positively perceived rehabilitation supervision and the environmental supervision strategies. The punishment supervision strategy was supported by the respondents but with a lower degree, relative to the support for other supervision strategies. Institutional factors were the most important predictors of the offenders’ attitudes.

The Relationship Between Individual Characteristics, Quality of Confinement and Recidivism by Offenders Released From Privately and Publicly Managed Residential Community Corrections Facilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence Alladin ◽  
Don Hummer
Keyword(s):  
Community Corrections ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Private Provider ◽  
Residential Community ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Vocational Programming ◽  
Private Entity ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines Commonwealth of Pennsylvania state prison data on inmates released to a term of residential community corrections in either a publicly or privately managed institution ( n = 7,204). Analyses indicate significant associations of race, facility orderliness, extent of educational/vocational programming, and type of facility management (Commonwealth or a private provider) with an offender’s subsequent reincarceration. Results demonstrate that private entity cost efficiency and effectiveness claims are not supported, and the growth of the private sector in Pennsylvania residential community corrections may even be having a detrimental effect on desistence efforts.

Legislator Attitudes toward Policies to Reduce Prison Crowding

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Hamm
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Mail Surveys ◽  
Prison Policy ◽  
Legislative Support ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines legislative attitudes toward policies to reduce prison crowding in a state (Indiana) that has a serious prison overcrowding problem. Legislative attitudes were studied through mail surveys of all members of the Indiana General Assembly. A high level of legislative support for the expansion of community corrections and prison construction was found. On the other hand, a return to shorter sentences received little support among the lawmakers. A rudimentary regression analysis of the relationship between legislative characteristics and support for the various strategies to control prison crowding revealed that a variable measuring criminal justice ideology was most strongly associated with legislative attitudes toward prison policy. These findings are also discussed within the present research.

scholarly journals The Relationship of the Strategies and Practices of the School Heads and Master Teachers and Teachers’ Competencies and Skills in the New Normal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Noruel M. Donato
Keyword(s):  
Staff Development ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Master Teachers ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
School Heads ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supervision Strategies

Monitoring and supervision are essential practices of the school leaders to determine the various aspects of the school’s performance as well as teacher's competencies. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the monitoring and supervision strategies and practices of School heads and Master teachers and teachers’ competencies and skills in the new normal. The study employed a descriptive-correlational explanatory research design to determine the correlation between the variables. A stratified sampling method was utilized to select the respondents. A total of 385 teachers and 267 school heads and master teachers were the respondents of the study. A survey questionnaire was the primary data gathering instrument. Results of the study show that there is a relationship between the school heads and master teacher's practices and strategies. It also reveals that observance of school heads and master teacher's practices of monitoring and supervision of teachers has a relationship to teachers' competencies and skills. In addition, only staff development influences teachers' competencies and skills. The researcher recommended that the school heads and master teachers may continuously attend professional development activities to further improve some of their strategies and practices in monitoring and supervising teachers and to acquire strategies that are applicable and appropriate to the new normal; the school may offer and conduct activities that may improve and sustain the competencies and skills of teachers especially on the strategies and technology-aided materials and applications that can be used in teaching in distance learning.

Views of Community Corrections Supervision and Their Predictors: An Officer and Offender Comparison

2022 ◽  
pp. 003288552110693
Author(s):  
Shanhe Jiang ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Eric G. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Community Corrections ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Trust Value ◽  
Community Variables ◽  
Supervision Strategies

Appropriate supervision strategies are the backbone of community corrections. The success of community supervision is dependent upon the attitudes of both officers and offenders. Despite this, research on offenders’ attitudes toward community corrections supervision is surprisingly very limited. The current study investigated attitudes of officers and offenders toward and predictors of four different community supervision strategies based on data collected in Hubei, China, in 2103 and 2016. The study found that among demographics, community variables, and value factor, the mutual trust value factor was the most important predictor of community supervision strategies by both officers and offenders. Additional findings and policy implications are discussed.

Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Galactic Plane ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Recombination ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

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