Views of Community Corrections Supervision and Their Predictors: An Officer and Offender Comparison

2022 ◽  
pp. 003288552110693
Author(s):  
Shanhe Jiang ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Eric G. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Community Corrections ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Trust Value ◽  
Community Variables ◽  
Supervision Strategies

Appropriate supervision strategies are the backbone of community corrections. The success of community supervision is dependent upon the attitudes of both officers and offenders. Despite this, research on offenders’ attitudes toward community corrections supervision is surprisingly very limited. The current study investigated attitudes of officers and offenders toward and predictors of four different community supervision strategies based on data collected in Hubei, China, in 2103 and 2016. The study found that among demographics, community variables, and value factor, the mutual trust value factor was the most important predictor of community supervision strategies by both officers and offenders. Additional findings and policy implications are discussed.

An Examination of Changes in LSI-R Scores Over Time: Making the Case for Needs-Based Case Management

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda D. Schlager ◽  
Daniel Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Change Scores ◽  
Risk Assessment Instrument ◽  
Over Time

The Level of Service Inventory—Revised (LSI-R) is an actuarially derived risk assessment instrument with a demonstrated reputation and record of supportive research. It has shown predictive validity on several offender populations. Although a significant literature has emerged on the validity and use of the LSI-R, no research has specifically examined change scores or the dynamics of reassessment and its importance with respect to case management. Flores, Lowenkamp, Holsinger, and Latessa and Lowenkamp and Bechtel, among others, specifically identify the importance and need to examine LSI-R reassessment scores. The present study uses a sample of parolees ( N = 179) from various community corrections programs that were administered the LSI-R at two different times. Results indicate that both mean composite and subcomponent LSI-R scores statistically significantly decreased between Time 1 and Time 2. The practical, theoretical, and policy implications of these results are discussed.

Supervision Strategies and Their Correlates: An Empirical Study of Chinese Community Correctional Staff

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1100-1123
Author(s):  
Shanhe Jiang ◽  
Eric G. Lambert ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Xiaohong Jin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Correctional Staff ◽  
Chinese Community ◽  
Offender Supervision ◽  
The Law ◽  
Supervision Strategies ◽  
Crime Opportunity

While there are different approaches to dealing with offenders sentenced to community corrections, the three major ones are law enforcement (surveillance), therapeutic (rehabilitation), and crime opportunity prevention. Using the study of U.S. community corrections staff by Miller as a guide, the current study examined the supervision strategy used by Chinese community corrections staff in the Hubei province of China. Chinese community corrections staff were more likely to use the therapeutic and crime opportunity prevention approaches than the law enforcement model. Predictors of each of the three offender supervision approaches differed. The results from Chinese staff were similar in many ways to that found among U.S. staff reported by Miller but differed in some areas.

scholarly journals Criminal Justice Debt During the Prisoner Reintegration Process: Who Has It and How Much?

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan W. Link
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Prisoner Reintegration ◽  
Negative Binomial Models ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Binomial Models ◽  
Transition Home

Much recent, national attention has centered on financial sanctions and associated debt burdens related to criminal justice. Scholars and practitioners alike have argued that financial debt among the incarcerated, in particular, exacerbates a transition home already defined by difficulties. This article takes a step back and assesses who is at risk of these adverse consequences in reentry by examining the extent of debt burdens that resulted from financial sanctions, its sources, and the individual-level factors that are associated with owing criminal justice debt. Relying on the Returning Home data ( N = 740), results from descriptive analyses, logistic regression, and negative binomial models show that a large proportion of respondents owed debts and that debt was strongly linked with being mandated to community supervision. In addition, debt amount was predicted by employment, income, and race. Policy implications in the realm of financial sanctioning by courts and correctional agencies are discussed.

Drug Testing in Community Corrections: Results from a Four-Year Program

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
GENNARO F. VITO ◽  
DEBORAH G. WILSON ◽  
STEPHEN T. HOLMES
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Jefferson County ◽  
Recidivism Rates ◽  
Substance Abuse Program ◽  
Drug Of Choice

Drug testing has become a significant part of community supervision. This article summarizes the results from a Jefferson County (Kentucky) program. During the program, the level of positive tests has continuously declined to a rate of 35%. Marijuana and cocaine were consistently the drug of choice for this population. Lower recidivism rates were recorded for offenders who completed the treatment offered by the Kentucky Substance Abuse Program, Inc. (KSAP).

Probation in America: Armed, private and unaffordable?

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Teague
Keyword(s):  
Prison Population ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
The State ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Prison Industrial Complex ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

While America is renowned for its enormous prison industrial complex, less academic attention has been paid to the state of probation intervention. The probation population has long been rising more swiftly than the prison population, and one in 45 adults in the USA is now subject to community supervision. This article explores the development of American probation and considers a series of key contextual issues, including the fragmented nature of the US probation system and the philosophies which underpin it, supervision fees, privatization, and the arming of probation officers, in order to illuminate how the community corrections system functions. The Justice Reinvestment initiative is also considered, and the impact of budgetary pressures upon probation is taken into account.

scholarly journals Challenges to Employing Shared Decision Making With Adults Under Community Supervision Who Have a Mental Illness

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Matejkowski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Role Clarity ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Supervisor Training ◽  
Empirically Supported

Adults under community corrections supervision and who have a mental illness (MI) are expected to comply with conditions of release which often include involvement with supportive social services. The rates of technical violation, arrest, and incarceration that result from failure to comply with these mandates are exceedingly high. Shared decision making among officer-supervisors and client-supervisees is a promising approach to promote engagement in community corrections services among supervisees who have MI. This paper reviews recent research on shared decision making and identifies three barriers to its implementation in this context: (1) a lack of role clarity, (2) a predilection for risk avoidance, and (3) stigma toward supervisees. Empirically supported recommendations are suggested to aid in overcoming these obstacles, facilitate shared decision making, and promote recovery among this population: (1) unification of supervisor rehabilitative and public safety roles, (2) maximizing opportunities for self-determination through low-stakes events and/or enhancement of supervisee strengths and capabilities, and (3) supervisor training in principles of mental health recovery.

Studying the community corrections field: Applying neo-institutional theories to a hidden element of mass social control

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew DeMichele
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Incarcerated Populations

The growth in US incarcerated populations has produced unintended negative consequences for other justice system agencies. The community corrections field is faced with two related problems stemming from prison growth: (1) significant growth in populations under supervision and (2) populations with higher needs for service. I apply a theoretical framework adapted from organizational sociological research to address change and stasis as isomorphic processes. Criminologists rarely situate the community corrections field within broader theoretical perspectives. Instead, correctional researchers have studied the emergence, adjustment, and use of prisons in modern society, with community supervision considered a part of institutional corrections. I argue that contemporary explanations for correction policies need to be refined to account for specific trends within the community corrections field.

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