Appreciative Case Management: Using the Social Constructionism in Social Intervention

The article presents a research in the field of case management, experiencing two forms of it: problem-centered case and appreciative case management. For this, an experiment carried out on a six-month period, during which time we verified the results obtained by applying two different supervision models, problem-oriented supervision and appreciative supervision. Based on parallel process, the case management was changed. For this experiment ten cases were identified with various degrees of risk in child abandonment. When the appreciative case management was applied, the studied cases showed better results compared to the cases that were managed based on problem. In the case of services aimed at preventing child abandonment, it can be seen that the classical intervention focused on problem, lasting less than three months, has no positive effect on the clients’ situation. This practically means that in such circumstances, the financial, human and material resources used for an intervention that lasts less than three months are wasted without significant results. The appreciative case management produces tangible results after a shorter period of time by comparison to the classical intervention. This can be seen in the results obtained within the experiment, which are due to the use of the appreciative approach in intervention. Focusing on problems in social work and the attempt to solve them may sometimes not result in their resolution; the orientation towards identifying deficiencies and dysfunctionalities yields poorer results than the appreciative intervention and preserves the problem.

VARIASI MODEL SUPERVISI PEMBELAJARAN (STUDI KASUS : SD MADINA ISLAMIC SCHOOL, TEBET, JAKARTA SELATAN)

(English) Variations of learning supervision models can improve the quality of education. This research aims to describe the supervision models developed in SD Madina Islamic School. The research used qualitative descriptive-naturalistic approach. Through triangulation of data collection and processing techniques, the findings of research that SD Madina Islamic School combined models of supervision of learning, secretive and spontaneous principles, and has the benefit for habits teachers in learning. Through the mix of curriculum namely DIKNAS, Al-Azhar Cairo, and Cambridge, variations of learning supervision are applied using special assessment criteria, to produce an optimal, directed, and authentic assessment and guidance. Abstrak (Bahasa Indonesia) Supervisi pembelajaran yang variatif dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan model supervisi yang dikembangkan oleh SD Madina Islamic School. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-naturalistik. Melalui triangulasi teknik pengumpulan dan pengolahan data, didapatkan temuan penelitian bahwa SD Madina Islamic School memadukan model supervisi pembelajaran secara variatif, berprinsip rahasia dan spontanitas, serta bermanfaat habitualiasasi guru dalam pembelajaran. Melalui perpaduan kurikulumnya yakni DIKNAS, Al-Azhar Cairo, dan Cambridge, maka variasi supervisi pembelajaran diterapkan dengan berbagai kriteria penilaian khusus, guna menghasilkan penilaian dan bimbingan yang optimal, terarah, dan otentik.

VARIASI MODEL SUPERVISI PEMBELAJARAN (STUDI KASUS : SD MADINA ISLAMIC SCHOOL, TEBET, JAKARTA SELATAN)

(English) Variations of learning supervision models can improve the quality of education. This research aims to describe the supervision models developed in SD Madina Islamic School. The research used qualitative descriptive-naturalistic approach. Through triangulation of data collection and processing techniques, the findings of research that SD Madina Islamic School combined models of supervision of learning, secretive and spontaneous principles, and has the benefit for habits teachers in learning. Through the mix of curriculum namely DIKNAS, Al-Azhar Cairo, and Cambridge, variations of learning supervision are applied using special assessment criteria, to produce an optimal, directed, and authentic assessment and guidance. Abstrak (Bahasa Indonesia) Supervisi pembelajaran yang variatif dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan model supervisi yang dikembangkan oleh SD Madina Islamic School. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-naturalistik. Melalui triangulasi teknik pengumpulan dan pengolahan data, didapatkan temuan penelitian bahwa SD Madina Islamic School memadukan model supervisi pembelajaran secara variatif, berprinsip rahasia dan spontanitas, serta bermanfaat habitualiasasi guru dalam pembelajaran. Melalui perpaduan kurikulumnya yakni DIKNAS, Al-Azhar Cairo, dan Cambridge, maka variasi supervisi pembelajaran diterapkan dengan berbagai kriteria penilaian khusus, guna menghasilkan penilaian dan bimbingan yang optimal, terarah, dan otentik.

Psychological counselling methodology for overcoming a life crisis

The aim of the present study is to determine a set of interconnected methods and techniques of psychological counseling in overcoming life crises for clients of all ages. In an online survey, 182 psychologists-practitioners (Ukraine) took part. The list of positive and negative elements of normative crises in human life according to four life stages was outlined. It was determined, that in order to reveal the life crisis of patients at the age of 20-23 years practical psychologists recommend using the following methods: analysis of the content of metaphors, psychological testing within the framework of personality constructs and the specialized method of semantic differential. Practical psychologists recommend the following techniques for identifying the life crisis of patients aged 27-33 years: psychotherapy-based supervision models, developmental supervision models, and social role models. Practicing psychologists recommend the following techniques for identifying the life crisis of patients aged 39-45 years: developmental supervision models and social role models. For revealing of life crisis of patients at the age of 55-65 years old practical psychologists recommend to use the technique of the structured diagnostic interview.

Integrative Strategic Supervision Model – Constructivist Approach

Supervision models offer a synthesis of theoretical and practical elements demanded by an efficient clinical supervision. They are classified into first and second generation supervision models. The first generation supervision models follow the development path of psychological counselling and psychotherapy, being focused on therapy, the supervisee’s development, on specifying the supervisee’s needs and the roles assumed by the supervisor. The second generation supervision models are integrative supervision models, with the emphasis on the role of common crosstheoretical factors. The integrative strategic supervision model [1], [2], [3] is a second generation supervision model, with the objective, other than the underlining of crosstheoretical common factors of supervision, with a top spot offered to the learning process, that of introducing the constructivist approach of learning, the construction of supervision as an interdisciplinary discipline and the relating of supervision to didactics through supervision projecting. The word “strategic”, from the model title, emphasizes the bases for the supervision process: the supervision framework, the learning methods used, the evaluation methods based on the supervisee’s individual factors, the tools used to supervise and materialized into: contracts, therapeutic statuses, supervision sheets, relational diagnosis sheet, etc.

Expressive Arts in Play Therapy Supervision for Substance Abuse Issues

The authors of this chapter identify ways to optimize supervision for play therapists working with clients facing substance abuse issues. Using case studies, two expressive arts activities used in play therapy supervision are showcased along with two well-known supervision models: Bernard's (1979) Discrimination Model and the Integrated Developmental Model (Stoltenberg & McNeill, 2010). The authors highlight practical applications, as well as potential challenges, when using expressive arts in play therapy supervision for substance abuse-related issues.

Analısıs Penggunaan Model Supervısı Artıstık dan Pendekatan Supervısı yang Dıgunakan Kepala Sekolah Sesuaı Tıngkat Kuadran Guru dı Sekolah Dasar

The purpose of this study was to analyze the percentage level of primary school principals in using artistic supervision models, and to analyze the supervisory approach undertaken by principals according to the teacher quadrant level. The research method used is quantitative, the type of research used is survey. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics, namely presenting in the form of tables, charts, graphs, percentage values ​​and so on. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS version 23. The results showed: 1) the percentage level of primary school principals using the artistic supervision model 27.34% was quite often done by the principal, 2.88% was sometimes done by the principal, 7.91% very often done, 57.55% often and 4.32% never done. 2) principals who take an artistic supervision approach basically do not realize that the supervision model used is an artistic approach. The percentage level of school principals who supervised the quadrant level of teachers with a directive approach was 20.86%, the use of a collaborative approach was 42.45% and the non-directive approach was 36.69%. The suggestions recommended in this article are for researchers to expect further research to create models of artistic supervision in increasing pedagogical competence according to the quadrant level of primary school teachers. For other researchers, similar research can be carried out related to artistic supervision models and the quadrant level of elementary school teachers. The principal should understand the teacher quadrant level to determine the supervision approach that will be used by the principal.