International Institute for Basic Research into the Life Sciences

Nature ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 202 (4937) ◽  
pp. 1060-1060
Keyword(s):  
Life Sciences ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
International Institute

scholarly journals Tip- and Laser-based 3D Nanofabrication in Extended Macroscopic Working Areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Ortlepp ◽  
Thomas Fröhlich ◽  
Roland Füßl ◽  
Johann Reger ◽  
Christoph Schäffel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Paradigm Change ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Custom Design ◽  
Global Companies ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Intense Research

AbstractThe field of optical lithography is subject to intense research and has gained enormous improvement. However, the effort necessary for creating structures at the size of 20 nm and below is considerable using conventional technologies. This effort and the resulting financial requirements can only be tackled by few global companies and thus a paradigm change for the semiconductor industry is conceivable: custom design and solutions for specific applications will dominate future development (Fritze in: Panning EM, Liddle JA (eds) Novel patterning technologies. International society for optics and photonics. SPIE, Bellingham, 2021. 10.1117/12.2593229). For this reason, new aspects arise for future lithography, which is why enormous effort has been directed to the development of alternative fabrication technologies. Yet, the technologies emerging from this process, which are promising for coping with the current resolution and accuracy challenges, are only demonstrated as a proof-of-concept on a lab scale of several square micrometers. Such scale is not adequate for the requirements of modern lithography; therefore, there is the need for new and alternative cross-scale solutions to further advance the possibilities of unconventional nanotechnologies. Similar challenges arise because of the technical progress in various other fields, realizing new and unique functionalities based on nanoscale effects, e.g., in nanophotonics, quantum computing, energy harvesting, and life sciences. Experimental platforms for basic research in the field of scale-spanning nanomeasuring and nanofabrication are necessary for these tasks, which are available at the Technische Universität Ilmenau in the form of nanopositioning and nanomeasuring (NPM) machines. With this equipment, the limits of technical structurability are explored for high-performance tip-based and laser-based processes for enabling real 3D nanofabrication with the highest precision in an adequate working range of several thousand cubic millimeters.

scholarly journals Standing on Shifting Terrain

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-28
Author(s):  
Jason Owen-Smith ◽  
Walter W.Powell
Keyword(s):  
Life Science ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Academic Careers ◽  
Work Practices ◽  
Faculty Work ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Funding Opportunities ◽  
Science Innovation

Drawing on interviews with more than 80 scientists on two university campuses, we create a typology that offers insights into how transformations in the nature and locus of life science innovation influence academic careers and work practices. Our analyses suggest that a strong outcome of increased academic concern with research commercialisation is the appearance of new fault lines among faculty, between faculty and students, and even between scientists’ interests and those of their institutions. We argue that life science commercialisation is driven by a mix of new funding opportunities, changing institutional mandates for universities, and novel research technologies that bring basic research and product development into much closer contact. The rise of patenting and commercially motivated technology transfer on U.S. campuses stands to alter faculty work practices and relationships, while transforming the criteria by which success is determined and rewards are allocated. Through close analysis of interviews with four researchers who typify a range of academic responses to commercialism, we demonstrate emerging patterns of conflict and agreement in faculty responses to commercial opportunities in the life sciences.

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