scholarly journals Lower urinary cotinine level is associated with a trend toward more myopic refractive errors in Korean adolescents

Eye ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1060-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
G E Nam ◽  
◽  
B E Hwang ◽  
Y-C Lee ◽  
J-S Paik ◽  
...  
2008 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Bertone-Johnson ◽  
Elizabeth Procter-Gray ◽  
Audra L. Gollenberg ◽  
Michele B. Ryan ◽  
Lisa G. Barber

1992 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Reese ◽  
Ian R. James ◽  
Louis I. Landau ◽  
Peter N. Lesouëf

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
MohamedI Yahia ◽  
SoheirS Abou El-Ella ◽  
MahaA Tawfik ◽  
MahaA El Bassuoni

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 383-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
HJ Aubin ◽  
S Tilikete ◽  
C Laureaux ◽  
HT Nguyen Hac ◽  
MC Roullet-Volmi ◽  
...  

SummaryThe aim of this study was to assess alcoholic inpatients' smoking and coffee intake variation following withdrawal. Only moderate smokers (less than 30 cigarettes/day) showed a significant increase of cigarette consumption after alcohol withdrawal. However, their urinary cotinine level did not vary, suggesting a behavioral, and not biological, compensation through smoking following alcohol withdrawal. Heavy smokers (30 cigarettes/day or more) showed no significant clinical or biological variation of smoking behavior. Coffee consumption increased after alcohol withdrawal in all patients, irrespective of smoking habits.


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